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Külkereskedelem és a vállalatok közötti különbségek
[Heterogeneous firms and foreign trade]

Author

Listed:
  • Békés, Gábor
  • Halpern, László
  • Muraközy, Balázs

Abstract

Cikkünk vállalati mérleg- és termékszintű külkereskedelmi adatok alapján mutatja be a magyar külkereskedelem általános jellemzőit, valamint az exportdinamika sajátosságait. Empirikus elemzésünk a heterogén vállalatokra építő modellek logikáját követi. Ezekkel a modellekkel összhangban azt találtuk, hogy a magyar külkereskedelem erősen koncentrált, így például a vállalatok 5 százaléka bonyolítja az export és az import több mint 80 százalékát. A külkereskedő vállalatok (exportálók és importálók egyaránt) jelentősen termelékenyebbek, mint az egyéb szempontokból hasonló, nem külkereskedő vállalatok; sőt a külkereskedelmi státus fontosabb szerepet játszik a vállalatok közötti különbségekben, mint a hazai vagy külföldi tulajdon. Bemutatjuk a magyar külkereskedelem empirikus kutatásának néhány fontosabb - az export és import viszonyára, az innováció szerepére, valamint a külkereskedelem stabilitására vonatkozó - eredményét is, amelyek alapján kijelenthető, hogy a vállalatok külpiacra való kilépése a versenyképesség és a növekedés szempontjából kulcskérdés, a gazdaságpolitikának ezt kell szem előtt tartania és megfelelő eszközökkel támogatnia. Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: D24, F14, L25.

Suggested Citation

  • Békés, Gábor & Halpern, László & Muraközy, Balázs, 2013. "Külkereskedelem és a vállalatok közötti különbségek [Heterogeneous firms and foreign trade]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(1), pages 1-24.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksa:szemle:1356
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Kiss, János, 2022. "Innovatívabbak-e a termelékeny és az exportáló vállalatok? Egy magyar feldolgozóipari minta elemzése [Are productive and exporting companies more innovative? Analysis of a sample of Hungarian mediu," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(4), pages 502-516.
    2. Éltető, Andrea & Udvari, Beáta, 2018. "Nemzetköziesedés a válság után - a magyar kis- és középvállalatok exportjára ható tényezők [Internationalisation since the crisis - factors affecting exports by small and medium-sized Hungarian ent," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(4), pages 402-425.
    3. Lengyel, Balázs & Elekes, Zoltán, 2020. "A külföldi tulajdonú vállalatok és az import szerepe a hazai térségek exportjának diverzifikációjában [Foreign-owned firms and the role of their imports in diversifying Hungarys exports]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(4), pages 352-378.
    4. Kiss, Károly Miklós & Lengyel, Balázs & Lőrincz, László & Elekes, Zoltán & Csáfordi, Zsolt, 2019. "Az iparágak közti hasonlóság mérésének hálózati módszerei és relevanciájuk a gazdaságfejlesztésben [Network methods for measuring inter-industrial similarity and the relevance of them to economic d," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(1), pages 22-52.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance

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