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Unconventional Monetary Policy, Bank Lending, and Security Holdings: The Yield-Induced Portfolio-Rebalancing Channel

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  • Paludkiewicz, Karol

Abstract

This article studies the impact of unconventional monetary policy on bank lending and security holdings. I exploit granular security register data and use a difference- in-differences regression setup to provide evidence for a yield-induced portfolio rebalancing: Banks experiencing large average yield declines in their securities portfolio, induced by unconventional monetary policy, increase their real-sector lending more strongly relative to other banks. The effect is stronger for banks facing many reinvestment decisions. Moreover, I find that banks with large yield declines reduce their government bond holdings and sell securities bought under the asset-purchase program of the European Central Bank (ECB).

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  • Paludkiewicz, Karol, 2021. "Unconventional Monetary Policy, Bank Lending, and Security Holdings: The Yield-Induced Portfolio-Rebalancing Channel," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 56(2), pages 531-568, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:jfinqa:v:56:y:2021:i:2:p:531-568_6
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    Cited by:

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    2. Gnabo, Jean-Yves & Soudant, Joey, 2022. "Monetary policy and portfolio rebalancing: Evidence from European equity mutual funds," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    3. Philipp Hartman & Frank Smets, 2018. "The European Central Bank’s Monetary Policy during Its First 20 Years," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 49(2 (Fall)), pages 1-146.
    4. Eiblmeier, Sebastian, 2023. "Differential Effects of Unconventional Monetary Policy," Hannover Economic Papers (HEP) dp-707, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät.
    5. Bao Doan & Huy Pham & Binh Nguyen Thanh, 2022. "Price discovery in the cryptocurrency market: evidence from institutional activity," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 49(1), pages 111-131, March.
    6. Hartmann, Philipp & Smets, Frank, 2018. "The first twenty years of the European Central Bank: monetary policy," Working Paper Series 2219, European Central Bank.
    7. Buchholz, Manuel & Schmidt, Kirsten & Tonzer, Lena, 2020. "Do conventional monetary policy instruments matter in unconventional times?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    8. Stefański, Maciej, 2022. "Macroeconomic effects and transmission channels of quantitative easing," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    9. John Thornton & Caterina Di Tommaso, 2021. "The effect of non‐performing loans on credit expansion: Do capital and profitability matter? Evidence from European banks," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(3), pages 4822-4839, July.
    10. Bottero, Margherita & Minoiu, Camelia & Peydró, José-Luis & Polo, Andrea & Presbitero, Andrea F. & Sette, Enrico, 2022. "Expansionary yet different: Credit supply and real effects of negative interest rate policy," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 146(2), pages 754-778.
    11. Peydró, José-Luis & Polo, Andrea & Sette, Enrico, 2021. "Monetary policy at work: Security and credit application registers evidence," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(3), pages 789-814.
    12. Eiblmeier, Sebastian, 2024. "Differential Effects of Unconventional Monetary Policy," VfS Annual Conference 2024 (Berlin): Upcoming Labor Market Challenges 302432, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    13. List, Sophia & Metiu, Norbert, 2025. "Monetary policy, central bank information, and bank lending: Evidence from German banks," Discussion Papers 06/2025, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    14. Tischer, Johannes, 2018. "Quantitative easing, portfolio rebalancing and credit growth: Micro evidence from Germany," Discussion Papers 20/2018, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    15. Codogno, Lorenzo & van den Noord, Paul, 2021. "Going fiscal? A stylised model with fiscal capacity and a safe asset in the Eurozone," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 114477, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    16. Liu, Xiaoling & Wu, Yuhui & Zhang, Huan, 2023. "Collateral-based monetary policy and corporate employment: Evidence from Medium-term Lending Facility in China," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    17. Martijn Boermans & Tomás Carrera de Souza & Robert Vermeulen, 2025. "Quantitative easing and preferred habitat investors in the euro area bond market," Working Papers 826, DNB.
    18. Wang, Ling, 2022. "The dynamics of money supply determination under asset purchase programs: A market-based versus a bank-based financial system," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    19. António Afonso & Francisco Gomes Pereira, 2025. "Unconventional monetary policy in the Euro area: Impacts on loans, employment, and investment," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(1), pages 190-220, January.
    20. Takaoka, Sumiko & Takahashi, Koji, 2022. "Corporate debt and unconventional monetary policy: The risk-taking channel with bond and loan contracts," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    21. Maciej Stefański, 2021. "Macroeconomic Effects of Quantitative Easing Using Mid-sized Bayesian Vector Autoregressions," KAE Working Papers 2021-068, Warsaw School of Economics, Collegium of Economic Analysis.
    22. Jakub Jakl, 2019. "The SER Spread Under the ECB Quantitative Easing," European Financial and Accounting Journal, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2019(2), pages 43-70.
    23. Wang, Ling, 2023. "Central bank asset purchases, banks’ risky security holdings and profitability: Macro and micro evidence from Japan and the U.S," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 347-364.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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