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Real Exchange Rate Misalignment: An Application of Behavioral Equilibrium Exchange Rate (BEER) to Nigeria

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  • Shehu Usman Rano, Aliyu

Abstract

This paper seeks to estimate the long run behavioral equilibrium exchange rate in Nigeria. The empirical analysis builds on quarterly data from 1986Q1 to 2006Q4 and derives a Behavioral Equilibrium Exchange Rate (BEER) and a Permanent Equilibrium Exchange Rate (PEER). The econometric analysis starts by analyzing the stochastic properties of the data and found all the variables stationary at first level of differencing. Accordingly, the paper proceeds by estimating vector-error correction models. Regression results show that most of the long-run behavior of the real exchange rate could be explained by real net foreign assets, terms of trade, index of crude oil volatility, index of monetary policy performance and government fiscal stance. On the basis of these fundamentals, four episodes each of overvaluation and undervaluation were identified and the antecedents characterizing the episodes were equally traced to the archive of exchange rate management in the country within the review period. Among others for instance, large inflow of oil revenues into the country and stable macroeconomic performance were discovered to account for undervaluation of the real exchange rate between 2001Q1 and 2006Q4 in Nigeria. The results further suggest that deviations from the equilibrium path are eliminated within one to two years. The paper recommends the pursuance of sound monetary policy as an instrument for achieving real exchange rate cum macroeconomic stability in Nigeria.

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  • Shehu Usman Rano, Aliyu, 2008. "Real Exchange Rate Misalignment: An Application of Behavioral Equilibrium Exchange Rate (BEER) to Nigeria," MPRA Paper 10343, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:10343
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    Cited by:

    1. Waheed IBRAHIM, 2016. "Econometric analysis of determinants of real effective exchange rate in Nigeria (1960-2015)," Timisoara Journal of Economics and Business, West University of Timisoara, Romania, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, vol. 9(1), pages 62-80, June.
    2. Omotosho, Babatunde S., 2015. "Is Real Exchange Rate Misalignment a Leading Indicator of Currency Crises in Nigeria?," MPRA Paper 98353, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Ahmed Derbali, 2021. "The misalignment of real effective exchange rate: Evidence from Tunisia," IHEID Working Papers 04-2021, Economics Section, The Graduate Institute of International Studies.
    4. Kenny S, Victoria, 2019. "Macroeconomic Performance Indicators and Exchange Rate Misalignment in Nigeria," MPRA Paper 93292, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Zouhaier Hadhek & Hniya Sakli & Tahar Lassoued, 2019. "The Variability of the Tunisian Real Exchange Rate," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 11(1), pages 115-128, January.
    6. Gilles Duffrenot & Kimiko Sugimoto, 2010. "Pegging the future West African single currency in regard to internal/external competitiveness: a counterfactual analysis," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series wp974, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Keywords: real exchange rate equilibrium; stationarity; cointegration; Hodrick-Prescott decomposition; BEER and PEER;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • G0 - Financial Economics - - General

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