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Adverse Selection in the Marriage Market: HIV Testing and Marriage in Rural Malawi

Author

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  • Angelucci, Manuela

    (University of Texas at Austin)

  • Bennett, Daniel M

    (University of Southern California)

Abstract

Asymmetric information in the marriage market may cause adverse selection and delay marriage if partner quality is revealed over time. Sexual safety is an important but hidden partner attribute, especially in areas where HIV is endemic. A model of positive assortative matching with both observable (attractiveness) and hidden (sexual safety) attributes predicts that removing the asymmetric information about sexual safety accelerates marriage and pregnancy for safe respondents, and more so if they are also attractive. Frequent HIV testing may enable safe people to signal and screen. Consistent with these predictions, we show that a high-frequency, "opt-out" HIV testing intervention changed beliefs about partner's safety and accelerated marriage and pregnancy, increasing the probabilities of marriage and pregnancy by 26 and 27 percent for baseline-unmarried women over 28 months. Estimates are larger for safe and attractive respondents. Conversely, a single-test intervention lacks these effects, consistent with other HIV testing evaluations in the literature. Our findings suggest that an endogenous response to HIV risk may explain why the HIV/AIDS epidemic has coincided with systematic marriage and pregnancy delays.

Suggested Citation

  • Angelucci, Manuela & Bennett, Daniel M, 2020. "Adverse Selection in the Marriage Market: HIV Testing and Marriage in Rural Malawi," IZA Discussion Papers 13621, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp13621
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    Cited by:

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    3. Derksen, Laura & Kerwin, Jason & Reynoso, Natalia Ordaz & Sterck, Olivier, 2024. "Healthcare Appointments as Commitment Devices," IZA Discussion Papers 17070, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Augsburg, Britta & Baquero, Juan P. & Gautam, Sanghmitra & Rodriguez-Lesmes, Paul, 2023. "Sanitation and marriage markets in India: Evidence from the Total Sanitation Campaign," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    5. Laura Derksen & Jason. T Kerwin & Natalia Ordaz Reynoso & Olivier Sterck, 2021. "Appointments: A More Effective Commitment Device for Health Behaviors," CSAE Working Paper Series 2021-13, Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    adverse selection; marriage; HIV;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J12 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • I15 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Economic Development
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health

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