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Financial Frictions and Macroeconomic Fluctuations in Emerging Economies

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Abstract

Estimated dynamic models of business cycles in emerging markets deliver counterfactual predictions for the country risk premium. In particular, the country interest rate predicted by these models is acyclical or procyclical, whereas it is countercyclical in the data. This paper proposes and estimates a small open economy model of the emerging-market business cycle in which a time-varying country risk premium emerges endogenously. In the proposed model, a firm's borrowing rate adjusts countercyclically as the default threshold of the firm depends on the state of the macroeconomy. I econometrically estimate the proposed model and find that it can account for the volatility and the countercyclicality of country risk premium as well as for other key emerging market business cycle moments. Time varying uncertainty in firm specific productivity contributes to delivering a countercyclical default rate and explains 70 percent of the variances in the trade balance and in the country risk premium. Finally, I find the predicted contribution of nonstationary productivity shocks in explaining output variations falls between the extremely high and extremely low values reported in the literature.

Suggested Citation

  • Ozge Akinci, 2014. "Financial Frictions and Macroeconomic Fluctuations in Emerging Economies," International Finance Discussion Papers 1120, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedgif:1120
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    Cited by:

    1. Sebastian Rondeau, 2012. "Sources of Fluctuations in Emerging Markets: Structural Estimation with Mixed Frequency Data," 2012 Meeting Papers 1156, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    2. Akıncı, Özge, 2013. "Global financial conditions, country spreads and macroeconomic fluctuations in emerging countries," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(2), pages 358-371.
    3. Germaschewski, Yin & Horvath, Jaroslav & Rubini, Loris, 2024. "How important are trend shocks? The role of the debt elasticity of interest rate," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    4. Wataru Miyamoto & Thuy Lan Nguyen, 2016. "Business Cycles in Small, Open Economies: Evidence from Panel Data Between 1900 and 2013," Staff Working Papers 16-48, Bank of Canada.
    5. Drechsel, Thomas & Tenreyro, Silvana, 2018. "Commodity booms and busts in emerging economies," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 200-218.
    6. Dan Cao & Jean-Paul L’Huillier & Donghoon Yoo, 2022. "When Is the Trend the Cycle?," ISER Discussion Paper 1177, Institute of Social and Economic Research, The University of Osaka.
    7. Gete, Pedro & Melkadze, Givi, 2020. "A quantitative model of international lending of last resort," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    8. Ortiz, Marco & Herrera, Gerardo & Perez, Fernando, 2022. "The shine beneath: foreign exchange intervention in resource-rich economies," MPRA Paper 116208, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Dongxue Wang & Yugang He, 2025. "Navigating Structural Shocks: Bayesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Approaches to Forecasting Macroeconomic Stability," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-25, July.
    10. Andrés Fernández & Adam Gulan, 2015. "Interest Rates, Leverage, and Business Cycles in Emerging Economies: The Role of Financial Frictions," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 7(3), pages 153-188, July.
    11. Troug, Haytem, 2020. "The heterogeneity among commodity-rich economies: Beyond the prices of commodities," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    12. Barrail, Zulma, 2020. "Business cycle implications of rising household credit market participation in emerging countries," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    13. Finkelstein Shapiro, Alan & Mandelman, Federico S., 2016. "Remittances, entrepreneurship, and employment dynamics over the business cycle," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 184-199.
    14. Florencia S. Airaudo & Hernán D. Seoane, 2021. "The Trend-cycle Connection," Working Papers 97, Red Nacional de Investigadores en Economía (RedNIE).

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • F44 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - International Business Cycles
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

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