Research classified by Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes

2024

• Nakamura, Kensei, 2024, "Step-by-step negotiations and the Nash bargaining solution: Efficiency-free characterizations," Economics Letters, Elsevier, volume 242, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2024.111888.
• Depetris-Chauvin, Emilio & Özak, Ömer, 2024, "(De facto) historical ethnic borders and land tenure in Sub-Saharan Africa," Economics Letters, Elsevier, volume 243, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2024.111921.
• Bilancini, Ennio & Boncinelli, Leonardo & Marcos-Prieto, Pablo, 2024, "Conflict initiation function shapes the evolution of persistent outcomes in group conflict," European Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 161, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2023.104648.
• Matthes, Julian & Piazolo, David, 2024, "Don’t put all your legs in one basket: Theory and evidence on coopetition in road cycling," European Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 170, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2024.104892.
• Konrad, Kai A., 2024, "The collective security dilemma of preemptive strikes," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, volume 313, issue 3, pages 1191-1199, DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2023.10.010.
• Battaglini, Fabian, 2024, "Will the European Green Deal enhance Europe’s security towards Russia? A political economy perspective," Energy Economics, Elsevier, volume 134, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107551.
• Khalid, Usman & Shafiullah, Muhammad & Chaudhry, Sajid M., 2024, "Does conflict aggravate energy poverty?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, volume 194, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114317.
• Ewerhart, Christian & Sun, Guang-Zhen, 2024, "The n-player Hirshleifer contest," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, volume 143, issue C, pages 300-320, DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2023.11.004.
• Bhattacharya, Puja & Rampal, Jeevant, 2024, "Contests within and between groups: Theory and experiment," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, volume 145, issue C, pages 467-492, DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2024.03.017.
• Barbieri, Stefano & Serena, Marco, 2024, "Winner's effort in multi-battle team contests," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, volume 145, issue C, pages 526-556, DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2024.04.006.
• Dong, Lu & Huang, Lingbo & Lien, Jaimie W. & Zheng, Jie, 2024, "How alliances form and conflict ensues," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, volume 146, issue C, pages 255-276, DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2024.05.009.
• Bauch, Gerrit & Riedel, Frank, 2024, "The Texas Shoot-Out under Knightian uncertainty," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, volume 146, issue C, pages 35-50, DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2024.04.009.
• Gallo, Oihane & Klaus, Bettina, 2024, "Stable partitions for proportional generalized claims problems," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, volume 147, issue C, pages 485-516, DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2024.07.011.
• Baier, Alexandra & Seelos, Sophia & Rittmannsberger, Thomas, 2024, "Peace in an unequal world? Experimental evidence on the relationship between inequality and conflict in a guns-vs-butter setting," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, volume 147, issue C, pages 74-87, DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2024.06.006.
• Lu, Jingfeng & Shen, Bo & Wang, Zhewei, 2024, "Performance bundling in multi-dimensional competitions," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, volume 95, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2024.103073.
• Nguemkap Kouamo, Romuald, 2024, "On and off line hate speech and academic performance in secondary education in Cameroon," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, volume 109, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2024.103081.
• He, Xiaoyu & Mei, Yixin, 2024, "Can arms breed peace? The consequence of arms imports from the US on civil wars," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, volume 52, issue 1, pages 207-229, DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2023.06.011.
• Asali, Muhammad & Abu-Qarn, Aamer & Beenstock, Michael, 2024, "Violence and cooperation in geopolitical conflicts: Evidence from the Second Intifada," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 217, issue C, pages 261-286, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2023.11.012.
• Adamson, Jordan & Wilson, Bart J., 2024, "Territory in the state of nature," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 219, issue C, pages 490-509, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.01.032.
• Gershman, Boris & Mumladze, Tinatin, 2024, "Headhunting and warfare in Austronesia: A phylogenetic comparative analysis," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 220, issue C, pages 768-791, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.02.034.
• Boggiano, Bárbara, 2024, "Long-term effects of the Paraguayan War (1864-1870) on intimate partner violence," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 222, issue C, pages 177-224, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.04.013.
• Hossain, Marup & Hossain, Md Amzad, 2024, "Political alignment and organized violence: Evidence from Nigeria," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 222, issue C, pages 394-426, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.04.019.
• Schläpfer, Alain, 2024, "Cross-cultural differences in retaliation: Evidence from the soccer field," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 223, issue C, pages 216-233, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.05.010.
• Devine, Peter & Joshi, Sumit & Mahmud, Ahmed Saber, 2024, "Alliance formation in a multipolar world," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 223, issue C, pages 248-277, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.05.008.
• Ewerhart, Christian & Kaźmierowski, Stanisław, 2024, "An equilibrium analysis of the Arad-Rubinstein game," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 226, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106696.
• Aidt, Toke S. & Albornoz, Facundo & Hauk, Esther, 2024, "To cut or not to cut: Deforestation policy under the shadow of foreign influence," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 227, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106712.
• Sekeris, Petros G. & Siqueira, Kevin, 2024, "Conflict and returns to scale in production," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 227, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106735.
• Freitas-Monteiro, Teresa & Prömel, Christopher, 2024, "Local far-right demonstrations and nationwide public attitudes towards migration," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 228, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106766.
• Zhang, Sookie Xue & Bayer, Ralph-Christopher, 2024, "Revenue sharing agreements and hold-up problems in joint projects: Theory and experiments," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 228, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106774.
• Feng, Xin & Jiao, Qian & Kuang, Zhonghong & Lu, Jingfeng, 2024, "Optimal prize design in team contests with pairwise battles," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, volume 215, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2023.105765.
• Szydlowski, Martin, 2024, "Fomenting conflict," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, volume 220, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2024.105875.
• Diakonova, Marina & Molina, Luis & Mueller, Hannes & Pérez, Javier J. & Rauh, Christopher, 2024, "The information content of conflict, social unrest and policy uncertainty measures for macroeconomic forecasting," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, volume 5, issue 4, DOI: 10.1016/j.latcb.2024.100130.
• Langtry, Alastair, 2024, "Inside the West Wing: Lobbying as a contest," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, volume 231, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105068.
• Ambassa, Martin & Mondjeli Mwa Ndjokou, Itchoko Motande & Tsopmo, Pierre Christian, 2024, "Foreign aid and inequality: Do conflicts matter?," Research in Economics, Elsevier, volume 78, issue 4, DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2024.101008.
• Wang, Jun-Zhuo & Feng, Gen-Fu & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2024, "How does political instability affect renewable energy innovation?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, volume 230, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.120800.
• Shabir, Mohsin & Jiang, Ping & Shahab, Yasir & Wang, Wenhao & Işık, Özcan & Mehroush, Iqra, 2024, "Diversification and bank stability: Role of political instability and climate risk," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, volume 89, issue PB, pages 63-92, DOI: 10.1016/j.iref.2023.10.009.
• Chowdhury, Subhasish M. & Marini, Matteo M., 2024, "Overbidding and heterogeneous behavior in contest experiments:A meta-comment on cross-cultural differences," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, volume 110, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2024.102210.
• Lopez-Uribe, Maria del Pilar & Sanchez Torres, Fabio, 2024, "Ideology and Rifles: The Agrarian Origins of Civil Conflict in Colombia," World Development, Elsevier, volume 173, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2023.106387.
• Perilla, Sergio & Prem, Mounu & Purroy, Miguel E. & Vargas, Juan F., 2024, "How peace saves lives: Evidence from Colombia," World Development, Elsevier, volume 176, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2023.106529.
• Ajogbeje, Korede & Sylwester, Kevin, 2024, "How conflict affects education: Differences between Boko Haram and Farmer-Herder conflicts in Nigeria," World Development, Elsevier, volume 177, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106540.
• Tähtinen, Tuuli, 2024, "When Facebook Is the Internet: The Role of Social Media in Ethnic Conflict," World Development, Elsevier, volume 180, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106633.
• Ayesh, Abubakr, 2024, "Mass involuntary migration and educational attainment," World Development, Elsevier, volume 181, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106677.
• Ammons, Joshua D., 2024, "Institutional effects of nonviolent and violent revolutions," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, volume 34, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100599.
• Adam, Antonis & Tsavou, Evi, 2024, "Assessing the effect of international terrorism on civil liberties using a potential outcomes framework," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 122337, Jul.
• Hertog, Steffen & Arellano, Adrian & Hegghammer, Thomas & Østby, Gudrun, 2024, "Fifty shades of deprivation: disaggregating types of economic disadvantage in studies of terrorism," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 124026, Dec.
• Bojicic-Dzelilovic, Vesna & Kostovicova, Denisa & Causevic, Fikret, 2024, "Tested by the COVID-19 economic shock: peace-positive entrepreneurship and intergroup collaboration in post-conflict business recovery," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 125561, Nov.
• Kaur, Harnoor & Yuchtman, Noam, 2024, "Protests on campus: the political economy of universities and social movements," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 126162, Dec.
• Wolfgang Streeck, 2024, "Notes on the political economy of war," Review of Keynesian Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, volume 12, issue 4, pages 293-307, August.
• Thomas Palley, 2024, "The military–industrial complex as a variety of capitalism and threat to democracy: rethinking the political economy of guns versus butter," Review of Keynesian Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, volume 12, issue 4, pages 308-347, August.
• Emiliano Brancaccio & Raffaele Giammetti & Stefano Lucarelli, 2024, "Centralization of capital and economic conditions for peace," Review of Keynesian Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, volume 12, issue 4, pages 365-384, August.
• João Jungo & Mara Madaleno & Anabela Botelho, 2024, "Income inequality persistence in African countries: financial regulation and military expenditure roles," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, volume 52, issue 5, pages 761-779, August, DOI: 10.1108/IJSE-04-2023-0287.
• Simplice Asongu & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2024, "The role of foreign aid in the nexus between capital flight and unemployment in sub-Saharan Africa," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, volume 52, issue 1, pages 1-15, April, DOI: 10.1108/IJSE-05-2023-0368.
• Saibal Ghosh, 2024, "Social unrest and bank liquidity creation: evidence from MENA banks," Journal of Financial Economic Policy, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, volume 16, issue 6, pages 762-777, June, DOI: 10.1108/JFEP-09-2023-0257.
• Deniz Güvercin, 2024, "Does the intensity of protests induce terrorism?," Economics of Peace and Security Journal, EPS Publishing, volume 19, issue 1, pages 40-50, April, DOI: 10.15355/epsj.19.1.40.
• Piotr Szajner & Krzysztof Hryszko, 2024, "Cyclical Fluctuations on the Global Sugar Market in the Context of the War in Ukraine," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, volume 0, issue 3, pages 482-498.
• Andrzej S. Grzelakowski & Slawomir Skiba & Julia Kosiek, 2024, "Empirical Approach to Measuring Noise as Environmental Nuisance of the Seaport Activity and Assessing Its Impact on Local Port City Community," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, volume 0, issue 4, pages 1044-1060.
• Yevhen Revtiuk & Tetiana Ivanova, 2024, "Implementation of the Community Resilience Approach in the System of Crisis Management of Ukraine in 2022-2024," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, volume 0, issue Special A, pages 712-731.
• Simplice Asongu & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2024, "The role of foreign aid in the nexus between capital flight and unemployment in sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS), number 24/007, Jan.
• Therese E. Zogo & Christophe M. Mbassi & Simplice A. Asongu, 2024, "Coup d’état and access to electricity in sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS), number 24/019, Jan.
• Fabio Masini & Albertina Nania & Veronica Sacco, 2024, "The Italian Transition 1989-1994: A View from Abroad," HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT AND POLICY, FrancoAngeli Editore, volume 2024, issue 2, pages 119-138.
• Mario Gilli & Andrea Sorrentino, 2024, "The Set of Equilibria in Max-Min Two Groups Contests with Binary Actions and a Private Good Prize," Working Papers, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, number 2024.08, Jun.
• Davide Bosco & Mario Gilli, 2024, "Effort Provision and Incentivisation in Tullock Group-Contests with Many Groups: An Explicit Characterisation," Working Papers, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, number 2024.11, Jun.
• Mario Gilli & Andrea Sorrentino, 2024, "Characterization of the Set of Equilibria in Max-Min Group Contests with Continuous Efforts and a Private Good Prize," Working Papers, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, number 2024.21, Jul.
• Davide Bosco & Mario Gilli & Andrea Sorrentino, 2024, "A Max-Min Two-Group Contest with Binary Actions and Incomplete Information à la Global Games," Working Papers, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, number 2024.25, Oct.
• Subhayu Bandyopadhyay & Todd Sandler, 2024, "A Theoretical Treatment of Foreign Fighters and Terrorism," Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, number 2024-011, May, DOI: 10.20955/wp.2024.011.
• Bocar A. Ba & Abdoulaye Ndiaye & Roman G. Rivera & Alexander Whitefield, 2024, "Mispricing Narratives after Social Unrest," Opportunity and Inclusive Growth Institute Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, number 096, Aug, DOI: 10.21034/iwp.96.
• Gan Jin & Md Rafiul Karim & Günther G. Schulze, 2024, "The Stock Market Effects of Islamist versus Non-Islamist Terror," Discussion Paper Series, Department of International Economic Policy, University of Freiburg, number 45 JEL Classification: D7, Feb, revised Feb 2024.
• Arciniegas, Christian, 2024, "The guacamole curse: Avocados, crime, and violence in Mexico," FSES Working Papers, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Freiburg/Fribourg Switzerland, number 537, Dec.
• Sidik Puryanto, 2024, "Reconciliation in Indonesia: Local Wisdom as the Key to Conflict Resolution," GATR Journals, Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) Enterprise, number gjbssr659, Dec, DOI: https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.202.
• Jonathan Benchimol & Luigi Palumbo, 2024, "Sanctions and Russian online prices," Post-Print, HAL, number emse-04943866, Sep, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.07.013.
• Alexandra T Tapsoba & Jean-Louis Combes & Pascale Combes Motel, 2024, "Does Youth Resentment Matter in Understanding the Surge of Extremist Violence in Burkina Faso?," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-04416513, Jan, DOI: 10.1093/jae/ejad023.
• Thiemo Fetzer & Pedro Souza & Oliver Vanden Eynde & Austin Wright, 2025, "Losing on the home front? Battlefield casualties, media, and public support for foreign interventions," Post-Print, HAL, number halshs-04815986, Oct, DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12907.
• Thiemo Fetzer & Pedro Souza & Oliver Vanden Eynde & Austin Wright, 2025, "Losing on the home front? Battlefield casualties, media, and public support for foreign interventions," PSE-Ecole d'économie de Paris (Postprint), HAL, number halshs-04815986, Oct, DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12907.
• Thiemo Fetzer & Oliver Vanden Eynde & Austin L Wright, 2024, "Team production on the battlefield: Evidence from NATO in Afghanistan," PSE Working Papers, HAL, number halshs-04610715, Jun.
• Mathieu Couttenier & Julian Marcoux & Thierry Mayer & Mathias Thoenig, 2024, "The Gravity of Violence," Sciences Po Economics Publications (main), HAL, number hal-04748012, Sep.
• Mathieu Couttenier & Nathalie Monnet & Lavinia Piemontese, 2024, "The Economic Costs of Conflict: A Production Network Approach," Working Papers, HAL, number hal-04621803.
• Mathieu Couttenier & Julian Marcoux & Thierry Mayer & Mathias Thoenig, 2024, "The Gravity of Violence," Working Papers, HAL, number hal-04748012, Sep.
• Raouf Boucekkine & Rodolphe Desbordes & Paolo Melindi-Ghidi, 2024, "The Defanging Effect of Education and Autocratic Survival," Working Papers, HAL, number hal-04786036, Nov.
• Thiemo Fetzer & Oliver Vanden Eynde & Austin L Wright, 2024, "Team production on the battlefield: Evidence from NATO in Afghanistan," Working Papers, HAL, number halshs-04610715, Jun.
• Mathieu Couttenier & Julian Marcoux & Thierry Mayer & Mathias Thoenig, 2024, "The Gravity of Violence," Sciences Po Economics Discussion Papers, HAL, number hal-04748012, Sep.
• Barr, Abigail & Hochleitner, Anna & Sonderegger, Silvia, 2024, "Does increasing inequality threaten social stability? Evidence from the lab," Discussion Paper Series in Economics, Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Economics, number 2/2024, Mar.
• Holden, Stein T. & Tilahun, Mesfin, 2024, "Does War Enhance or Undermine Other-regarding Preferences and Trust?," CLTS Working Papers, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Centre for Land Tenure Studies, number 6/24, Nov.
• Holden, Stein T. & Tilahun, Mesfin & Gebremedhin, Tsegabirhan, 2024, "War Impacts on Youth Business Groups in Tigray," CLTS Working Papers, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Centre for Land Tenure Studies, number 7/24, Nov.
• Puzon, Klarizze Anne Martin & Tacneng, Ruth & Barry, Thierno, 2024, "Social antagonism, identity-driven beliefs, and loss avoidance," CERE Working Papers, CERE - the Center for Environmental and Resource Economics, number 2024:1, Jun.
• Giebe, Thomas & Gürtler, Oliver, 2024, "Player strength and effort in contests," Working Papers in Economics and Statistics, Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Economics and Statistics, number 4/2024, Mar.
• Henrique, 2024, "The Power of Dialogue: Forced Displacement and Social Integration amid an Islamist Insurgency in Mozambique," HiCN Working Papers, Households in Conflict Network, number 405, Jan.
• Daniel Tuki, 2024, "Suffering and smiling: What determines happiness among Nigerians?," HiCN Working Papers, Households in Conflict Network, number 407, Jan.
• Piero Ronzani & Wolfgang Stojetz & Carlo Azzarri & Gianluigi Nico & Erdgin Mane & Tilman Brück, 2024, "Armed conflict and gendered participation in agrifood systems: Survey evidence from 29 African countries," HiCN Working Papers, Households in Conflict Network, number 409, Mar.
• Daniel Tuki, 2024, "Inverted “U” of fear: The paradox of conflict exposure and expected victimization in Kaduna, Nigeria," HiCN Working Papers, Households in Conflict Network, number 411, May.
• Peter van der Windt & Leonid Peisakhin & Nik Stoop, 2024, "Who Hosts? The Correlates of Hosting the Internally Displaced," HiCN Working Papers, Households in Conflict Network, number 412, May.
• Daniel Tuki, 2024, "You’re not like us! Ethnic discrimination and national belonging in Nigeria," HiCN Working Papers, Households in Conflict Network, number 415.
• Stephen O’Connell & Onur Altındağ & and Rim Achour, 2024, "Geographic poverty targeting in social protection programs: Evidence from a nationwide policy experiment," HiCN Working Papers, Households in Conflict Network, number 418.
• Wolfgang Stojetz & Piero Ronzani & Tilman Brück & Jeanne Pinay & Marco d'Errico, 2024, "Building Resilience in Conflict Areas: Quasi-experimental Evidence from Borno State in North-east Nigeria," HiCN Working Papers, Households in Conflict Network, number 419.
• Wolfgang Stojetz & Piero Ronzani & Tilman Brück & Jeanne Pinay & Marco d'Errico, 2024, "Shocking social safety: Evidence from violence and drought in North-east Nigeria," HiCN Working Papers, Households in Conflict Network, number 420.
• Mulubrhan Amare & Lucia Carrillo & Katrina Kosec & Jordan Kyle, 2024, "Conflict, Aspirations, and Women’s Empowerment: Household Survey Evidence from Farmer-Herder Conflicts in Nigeria," HiCN Working Papers, Households in Conflict Network, number 421.
• Esteban Muñoz-Sobrado & Amedeo Piolatto & Antoine Zerbini & Federica Braccioli, 2024, "The taxing challenges of the state: Unveiling the role of fiscal & administrative capacity in development," Working Papers, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB), number 2024/05.
• Cullen S. Hendrix, 2024, "The El Nino Southern Oscillation and Geopolitical Risk," Working Paper Series, Peterson Institute for International Economics, number WP24-14, May.
• Lee, Wang-Sheng & Khalil, Umair & Johnston, David W., 2024, "Religiosity and Crime: Evidence from a City-Wide Shock," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 16933, Apr.
• Adema, Joop & Aksoy, Cevat Giray & Giesing, Yvonne & Poutvaara, Panu, 2024, "The Effect of Conflict on Refugees' Return and Integration: Evidence from Ukraine," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 16962, Apr.
• Parigi, Marta & Oskorouchi, Hamid R., 2024, "The Effects of Israeli Policies on Palestinians' Basic Needs in the Occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 17176, Jul.
• Dasgupta, Indraneel, 2024, "A Rent-Seeking Perspective on Imperial Peace," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 17312, Sep.
• Bhowmick, Kanishka & Dasgupta, Indraneel & Pal, Sarmistha, 2024, "Within-Group Inequality and Caste-Based Crimes in India," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 17383, Oct.
• Dasgupta, Indraneel & Gupta, Dhritiman, 2024, "On the Relative Sequencing of Internal and External Rent-Seeking Contests," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 17556, Dec.
• Chioma Patricia Adekunle & Kao Papa & Sakiru Oladele Akinbode & Edmee Ndoye, 2024, "Effects of Conflict-Induced Food Price Shocks on Food Security Outcomes of the Households in Nigeria," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, volume 58, issue 4, pages 149-165, October–D.
• Philipp Harms & Jana Niedringhaus, 2024, "On Social Cohesion and Social Disintegration," Working Papers, Gutenberg School of Management and Economics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, number 2401, Jan.
• Mario Ferrero, 2024, "Left, right, or neither? Islamism as social blueprint," Constitutional Political Economy, Springer, volume 35, issue 4, pages 500-522, December, DOI: 10.1007/s10602-023-09421-0.
• Mohammad Reza Farzanegan & Hassan F. Gholipour, 2024, "Does satisfaction with amenities and environment influence the taste for revolt in the middle east?," Constitutional Political Economy, Springer, volume 35, issue 4, pages 523-565, December, DOI: 10.1007/s10602-023-09422-z.
• Eric H. Wilhelm, 2024, "Settlement growth and military conflict in early colonial New England 1620–1700," European Journal of Law and Economics, Springer, volume 57, issue 3, pages 435-464, June, DOI: 10.1007/s10657-024-09792-1.
• Srinivas Goli & Somya Arora & Neha Jain & Sekher T. V., 2024, "Patrilocality and Child Sex Ratios in India," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), volume 43, issue 4, pages 1-28, August, DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09897-0.
• Caroline Krafft & Diana Jimena Arango & Amalia Hadas Rubin & Jocelyn Kelly, 2024, "Conflict and Girl Child Marriage: Global Evidence," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), volume 43, issue 4, pages 1-26, August, DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09905-3.

2023

• Vasily Korovkin & Alexey Makarin, 2023, "Conflict and Intergroup Trade: Evidence from the 2014 Russia-Ukraine Crisis," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 113, issue 1, pages 34-70, January, DOI: 10.1257/aer.20191701.
• Julia Cagé & Anna Dagorret & Pauline Grosjean & Saumitra Jha, 2023, "Heroes and Villains: The Effects of Heroism on Autocratic Values and Nazi Collaboration in France," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 113, issue 7, pages 1888-1932, July, DOI: 10.1257/aer.20211509.
• Luis R. Martinez & Jonas Jessen & Guo Xu, 2023, "A Glimpse of Freedom: Allied Occupation and Political Resistance in East Germany," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, volume 15, issue 1, pages 68-106, January, DOI: 10.1257/app.20200456.
• Guido Lorenzoni & Iván Werning, 2023, "A Minimalist Model for the Ruble during the Russian Invasion of Ukraine," American Economic Review: Insights, American Economic Association, volume 5, issue 3, pages 347-356, September, DOI: 10.1257/aeri.20220303.
• Juliana Sánchez-Ariza & Jorge Cuartas & Andrés Moya, 2023, "The Mental Health of Caregivers and Young Children in Conflict-Affected Settings," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, volume 113, pages 336-341, May, DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20231017.
• Arlen Guarin & Juliana Londoño-Vélez & Christian Posso, 2023, "Reparations for Victims: Lessons from Colombia," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, volume 113, pages 342-346, May, DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20231018.
• Roger B. Myerson, 2023, "Game Theory and the First World War," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, volume 61, issue 2, pages 716-735, June, DOI: 10.1257/jel.20211571.
• S.A. Asongu & N.M. Odhiambo, 2023, "Military Expenditure, Policy Syndromes and Tourism in the World," Working Papers, African Economic and Social Research Institute (AESRI), number 2305, Dec.
• Simplice A. Asongu & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2023, "Military Expenditure, Policy Syndromes and Tourism in the World," Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute., African Governance and Development Institute., number 23/027, Jan.
• Sakketa, Tekalign Gutu & Maggio, Dan & McPeak, John, 2023, "The Protective Role of Index Insurance in the Experience of Violent Conflict: Evidence from Ethiopia," 2023 Seventh AAAE/60th AEASA Conference, September 18-21, 2023, Durban, South Africa, African Association of Agricultural Economists (AAAE), number 365977, DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.365977.
• Matteo Sestito, 2023, "Identity conflict, ethnocentrism and social cohesion," AMSE Working Papers, Aix-Marseille School of Economics, France, number 2304, Jan.
• Betul Turkum, 2023, "The Effect of Mass Migration on Economic Development," AMSE Working Papers, Aix-Marseille School of Economics, France, number 2332, Dec.
• Cathrin Mohr, 2023, "Carrots and Sticks: Targeting the Opposition in an Autocratic Regime," ECONtribute Discussion Papers Series, University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Germany, number 236, Jun.
• Mihai-Ciprian LUÅžCAN, 2023, "Ï»¿Perspectives Of Young People In Ukraine Following The Aggression Of The Russian Federation," Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica, Faculty of Sciences, "1 Decembrie 1918" University, Alba Iulia, volume 2, issue 25, pages 1-6.
• Boris Gershman & Tinatin Mumladze, 2024, "Headhunting and Warfare in Austronesia: A Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis," Working Papers, American University, Department of Economics, number 2023-06.
• Alejandra Agustina Martínez, 2023, "Raise your Voice! Activism and Peer Effects in Online Social Networks," Working Papers, Red Nacional de Investigadores en Economía (RedNIE), number 277, Sep.
• Xiang Sun & Jin Xu & Junjie Zhou, 2023, "Effort Discrimination and Curvature of Contest Technology in Conflict Networks," Papers, arXiv.org, number 2302.09861, Feb, revised Oct 2023.
• C'esar Barilla & Duarte Gonc{c}alves, 2023, "The Dynamics of Instability," Papers, arXiv.org, number 2303.07285, Mar.
• Hector Galindo-Silva & Guy Tchuente, 2023, "Armed Conflict and Early Human Capital Accumulation: Evidence from Cameroon's Anglophone Conflict," Papers, arXiv.org, number 2306.13070, Jun.
• Oihane Gallo & Bettina Klaus, 2023, "Stable partitions for proportional generalized claims problems," Papers, arXiv.org, number 2311.03950, Nov, revised Aug 2024.
• Oleksandr Boiarsky & Yana Maslova & Alevtina Pekhnyk, 2023, "Phenomenology Of Interest In The Formation Of Human Habit (Anti-Corruption Aspect)," Baltic Journal of Economic Studies, Publishing house "Baltija Publishing", volume 9, issue 2, DOI: 10.30525/2256-0742/2023-9-2-55-64.
• Veronika Chala & Svitlana Morozova & Liudmyla Borovyk, 2023, "Ecological Dominants In Cross-Cultural Communications Of European Business: The Impact Of The Green Deal," Baltic Journal of Economic Studies, Publishing house "Baltija Publishing", volume 9, issue 4, DOI: 10.30525/2256-0742/2023-9-4-234-242.
• Igor Kryvovyazyuk & Igor Britchenko & Serhii Smerichevskyi & Liubov Kovalska & Viktoriia Dorosh & Pavlo Kravchuk, 2023, "Digital Transformation and Innovation in Business: the Impact of Strategic Alliances and Their Success Factors," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 1, pages 3-17.
• Sebastian Schweighofer-Kodritsch & Steffen Huck & Macartan Humphreys, 2023, "Political salience and regime resilience," Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers, Berlin School of Economics, number 0031, Dec, DOI: 10.48462/opus4-5208.
• Arlen Guarin & Juliana Londoño-Vélez & Christian Posso, 2023, "Reparations as Development? Evidence from Victims of the Colombian Armed Conflict," Borradores de Economia, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, number 1236, Jun, DOI: https://doi.org/10.32468/be.1236.
• Joan Margalef & Hannes Mueller, 2023, "Caught in a Trap: Simulating the Economic Consequences of Internal Armed Conflict," Working Papers, Barcelona School of Economics, number 1402, Sep.
• Aamer Abu-Qarn & Muhammad Asali & Michael Beenstock, 2023, "Violence and Cooperation in Geopolitical Conflicts: Evidence from the Second Intifada," Working Papers, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Department of Economics, number 2306.
• Tomer Blumkin & Spencer Bastani & Michael Beenstock, 2023, "Violence and Cooperation in Geopolitical Conflicts: Evidence from the Second Intifada," Working Papers, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Department of Economics, number 2314.
• Mohammad Reza Farzanegan, 2023, "Years of life lost to revolution and war in Iran," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, volume 27, issue 4, pages 2061-2103, November, DOI: 10.1111/rode.13030.
• Hideo Konishi & Chen-Yu Pan & Dimitar Simeonov, 2023, "Formation of Teams in Contests: Tradeoffs Between Inter- and Intra-Team Inequalities," Boston College Working Papers in Economics, Boston College Department of Economics, number 1061, Nov, revised 06 Apr 2025.
• Hadzi-Vaskov Metodij & Pienknagura Samuel & Ricci Luca Antonio, 2023, "The Macroeconomic Impact of Social Unrest," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, volume 23, issue 2, pages 917-958, June, DOI: 10.1515/bejm-2022-0039.
• Farzanegan Mohammad Reza & Batmanghelidj Esfandyar, 2023, "Understanding Economic Sanctions on Iran: A Survey," The Economists' Voice, De Gruyter, volume 20, issue 2, pages 197-226, December, DOI: 10.1515/ev-2023-0014.
• Economou Athina & Kollias Christos, 2023, "In NATO We Trust(?): The Russian Invasion of Ukraine and EU27 Citizens’ Trust in NATO," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, volume 29, issue 2, pages 129-144, May, DOI: 10.1515/peps-2023-0029.
• Adanu Kwami, 2023, "Population, Institutions, and Violent Conflicts – How Important is Population Pressure in Violent Resource-Based Conflicts?," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, volume 29, issue 3, pages 249-277, September, DOI: 10.1515/peps-2023-0004.
• Lemaire Thibault, 2023, "Civil Conflicts and Exchange Rate Misalignment: Evidence from MENA and Arab League Members," Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, De Gruyter, volume 19, issue 2, pages 101-130, August, DOI: 10.1515/rmeef-2022-0001.
• Muktad Abdalla, 2023, "Democracy, Corruption and Economic Growth Post-Arab Spring in Tunisia and Libya," Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, De Gruyter, volume 19, issue 3, pages 153-186, December, DOI: 10.1515/rmeef-2023-0010.
• Nimonka Bayale & Sanny Mohamed Babatunde Gado, 2023, "Quelle politique budgétaire face à la recrudescence des tensions sécuritaires dans le Sahel ?," Revue d’économie du développement, De Boeck Université, volume 33, issue 2, pages 5-39.
• Dimitri Tchakounté & Loïc Molambo Sambi, 2023, "Impact des conflits armés sur la santé des enfants en République centrafricaine," Revue d’économie du développement, De Boeck Université, volume 33, issue 2, pages 41-96.
• Congressional Budget Office, 2023, "U.S. Hypersonic Weapons and Alternatives," Reports, Congressional Budget Office, number 58255, Jan.
• Congressional Budget Office, 2023, "Projected Costs of U.S. Nuclear Forces, 2023 to 2032," Reports, Congressional Budget Office, number 59054, Jul.
• Felipe Carozzi & Edward W. Pinchbeck & Luca Repetto, 2023, "Scars of war: the legacy of WW1 deaths on civic capital and combat motivation," CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE, number dp1940, Aug.
• Christian Ochsner, 2023, "Hostility, Population Sorting, and Backwardness: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from the Red Army after WWII," CERGE-EI Working Papers, The Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute, Prague, number wp768, Nov.
• Roland Hodler & Paul Schaudt & Alberto Vesperoni, 2023, "Mining for Peace," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10207.
• Patrick Premand & Dominic Rohner, 2023, "Cash and Conflict: Large-Scale Experimental Evidence from Niger," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10277.
• Felipe Carozzi & Edward Pinchbeck & Luca Repetto, 2023, "Scars of War: The Legacy of WW1 Deaths on Civic Capital and Combat Motivation," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10298.
• Stergios Skaperdas & Patrick A. Testa, 2023, "National Identity, Public Goods, and Modern Economic Development," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10358.
• Kai Gehring & Paul Schaudt, 2023, "Insuring Peace: Index-Based Livestock Insurance, Droughts, and Conflict," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10423.
• Daniel Spiro, 2023, "Economic Warfare," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10443.
• David B. Audretsch & Paul P. Momtaz & Hanna Motuzenko & Silvio Vismara, 2023, "War and Entrepreneurship: A Synthetic Control Study of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10466.
• Hassan F. Gholipour & Mohammad Reza Farzanegan, 2023, "Satisfaction with Amenities and Taste for Revolt in the Middle East," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10503.
• Eleonora Guarnieri, 2023, "Cultural Distance and Ethnic Civil Conflict," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10609.
• Mohammad Reza Farzanegan & Sven Fischer, 2023, "The Effect of the “Woman Life Freedom” Protests on Life Satisfaction in Iran: Evidence from Survey Data," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10643.
• Thiemo Fetzer & Pedro CL Souza & Oliver Vanden Eynde & Austin L. Wright, 2023, "Losing on the Home Front? Battlefield Casualties, Media, and Public Support for Foreign Interventions," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10770.
• Luke Barber & Michael Jetter & Tim Krieger, 2023, "Foreshadowing Mars: Religiosity and Pre-Enlightenment Warfare," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10806.
• Joop Age Harm Adema & Cevat Giray Aksoy & Yvonne Giesing & Panu Poutvaara, 2023, "The Effect of Conflict on Ukrainian Refugees’ Return and Integration," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 10877.
• Garry Poluschkin & Robert Kirchner & Julian Bergmann & Werner Hoyer & Michael Harms & Gerit Schulze & Stephan von Cramon-Taubadel & Oleg Nivievskyi & Heiko Pleines & Susan Stewart & Joop Age Harm Adem, 2023, "Wiederaufbauplan: Wie gelingt der Neuanfang in der Ukraine?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, volume 76, issue 04, pages 03-28, April.
• Travis Baseler & Thomas Ginn & Robert Hakiza & Helidah Ogude-Chambert & Olivia Woldemikael, 2023, "Can Redistribution Change Policy Views? Aid and Attitudes toward Refugees in Uganda," Working Papers, Center for Global Development, number 645, May.
• Bhalotra, Sonia & Clots-Figueras, Irma & Iyer, Lakshmi, 2023, "Ethnic conflict: the role of ethnic representation," CAGE Online Working Paper Series, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE), number 668.
• Fetzer, Thiemo & CL Souza, Pedro & Vanden Eynde, Oliver & Wright, Austin L., 2023, "Losing on the Home Front? Battlefield Casualties, Media, and Public Support for Foreign Interventions," CAGE Online Working Paper Series, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE), number 691.
• Diego A. Martin & Dario A. Romero, 2023, "Pretending to be the Law: Violence to Reduce the COVID-19 Outbreak," CID Working Papers, Center for International Development at Harvard University, number 155a, Sep.
• Nicol√°s Cabra-Ruiz, 2023, "El Baile Rojo: impacto de la violencia pol√≠tica sobre el comportamiento electoral, el caso de la Uni√≥n Patri√≥tica (1984-2007)," Documentos CEDE, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE, number 20683, Mar.
• Natalia Garbiras-D√≠az & Michael Weintraub & Leopoldo Fergusson & Juana Garc√≠a & Laia Balcells, 2023, "Do Third-Party Guarantors Reassure Foot Soldiers?," Documentos CEDE, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE, number 20811, Aug.
• Leopoldo Fergusson & Javier Mej√≠a & James A. Robinson & Santiago Torres, 2023, "Constitutions and Order: A theory and comparative evidence from Colombia and the United States," Documentos CEDE, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE, number 20815, Aug.
• Ana Mar√≠a Dumez Garc√≠a, 2023, "El rol de los programas de reparaci√≥n colectiva como aceleradores de la migraci√≥n," Documentos CEDE, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE, number 20816, Aug.
• Santiago Paz, 2023, "Long Run Consequences of Ethnic Conflict On Social Capital: Evidence from South Africa," Documentos CEDE, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE, number 20923, Sep.
• Juan F. Vargas & Miguel E. Purroy & Felipe Coy & Sergio Perilla & Mounu Prem, 2023, "Fear to Vote Explosions, Salience, and Elections," Documentos de Trabajo, Universidad del Rosario, number 20801, Jul.
• Darwin Cortes & Catalina G√≥mez & Christian Posso & Gabriel Suarez, 2023, "Hunting Militias at All Cost: Urban Military Operation and Birth Outcomes," Documentos de Trabajo, Universidad del Rosario, number 20935, Oct.
• Laura Arciniegas Londoño & Leidy Yurany Arcila Martinez, 2023, "El rol del Ejército de Liberación Nacional en los dominios de tierra, ciberespacio y cognitivo en el escenario de conflicto armado colombiano," Revista Perspectivas en Inteligencia, Escuela de Inteligencia y Contrainteligencia Bg. Ricardo Charry Solano, volume 15, issue 24, pages 117-138.
• Hodler, Roland & Schaudt, Paul & Vesperoni, Alberto, 2023, "Mining for peace," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17807, Jan.
• Munroe, Ellen & Nosach, Anastasiia & Pedrozo, Moises & Guarnieri, Eleonora & Riano, Juan Felipe & Tur-Prats, Ana & Valencia Caicedo, Felipe, 2023, "The Legacies of War for Ukraine," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17841, Jan.
• Bigoni, Maria & Blázquez de Paz, Mario & Le Coq, Chloé, 2023, "Beyond Hawks and Doves: can inequality ease coordination?," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17867, Feb.
• Berman, Nicolas & Brey, Björn & Laurent-Lucchetti, Jeremy, 2023, "Panic Politics in the US West Coast," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17874, Feb.
• Desmet, Klaus & Özak, Ömer & Ortuño-Ortin, Ignacio, 2023, "Is Secessionism Mostly About Income or Identity? A Global Analysis of 3,003 Subnational Regions," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17894, Feb.
• Desmet, Klaus & Gomes, Joseph Flavian, 2023, "Ethnic Remoteness Reduces the Peace Dividend from Trade Access," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17895, Feb.
• Premand, Patrick & Rohner, Dominic, 2023, "Cash and Conflict: Large-Scale Experimental Evidence from Niger," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17912, Feb.
• Ticku, Rohit & Shrivastava, Anand & Iyer, Sriya, 2023, "Economic Shocks and Religious Conflict in Medieval India," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17986, Mar.
• Desierto, Desiree & Koyama, Mark, 2023, "Feudal Political Economy," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 18085, Apr.
• Hsieh, Chih-Sheng & Deer, Lachlan & Koenig, Michael & Vega-Redondo, Fernando, 2023, "Social networks and collective action in large populations: An application to the Egyptian Arab Spring," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 18093, Apr.
• Battaglini, Marco & Leone Sciabolazza, Valerio & Patacchini, Eleonora, 2023, "Logrolling in Congress," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 18111, Apr.
• Sonin, Konstantin & Van Dijcke, David & Wright, Austin L., 2023, "Isolation and Insurrection: How Partisanship and Political Geography Fueled January 6, 2021," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 18209, Jun.
• Gay, Victor & Grosjean, Pauline, 2023, "Morts Pour la France: A Database of French Fatalities of the Great War," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 18211, Jun.
• Binzel, Christine & Fehr, Dietmar & Link, Andreas, 2023, "Can International Initiatives Promote Peace? Diamond Certification and Armed Conflicts in Africa," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 18450, Sep.
• Desierto, Desiree & Hall, Jacob & Koyama, Mark, 2023, "Magna Carta," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 18498, Oct.
• Alfano, Marco & Goerlach, Joseph-Simon, 2023, "Instrumenting the effect of terrorism on education in Kenya," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 18559, Oct.
• Richard, Marion & Vanden Eynde, Oliver, 2023, "Cooperation between National Armies: Evidence from the Sahel borders," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 18674, Dec.
• Grosjean, Pauline & Jha, Saumitra & Vlassopoulos, Michael & Zenou, Yves, 2023, "Political Trenches: War, Partisanship, and Polarization," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 18721, Dec.