Research classified by Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes
Top JEL
/ D: Microeconomics
/ / D7: Analysis of Collective Decision-Making
/ / / D74: Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances; Revolutions
2023
- Vladimir Hlasny, 2023, "Redistributive Impacts of Civil War: The Case of Côte d’Ivoire," LIS Working papers, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg, number 862, Jun.
- Maksym Obrizan, Pavlo Iavorskyi, 2023, "Health consequences of the war in Eastern Ukraine: comparing 2015-16 to 2012-13," European Journal of Comparative Economics, Cattaneo University (LIUC), volume 20, issue 2, pages 239-263, December.
- Andar Ristabet Hesda & Rus’an Nasrudin, 2023, "Social Capital and Conflict in the Post-Suharto Regime in Indonesia," Economics and Finance in Indonesia, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Indonesia, volume 69, pages 15-34, Juni.
- Mohammad H. Asadi & Mohammad Reza Farzanegan, 2023, "Income and Happiness in Afghanistan: Do Insecurity and Violence Matter?," MAGKS Papers on Economics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Department of Economics (Volkswirtschaftliche Abteilung), number 202325.
- Ryusuke Shinohara, 2023, "Sabotaging Teammates and Rent Dissipation in a Rent-Seeking Contest," Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE), Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, volume 179, issue 2, pages 288-319, DOI: 10.1628/jite-2023-0028.
- Štěpán Mikula & Tommaso Reggiani & Fabio Sabatini, 2023, "The long-term impact of religion on social capital: lessons from post-war Czechoslovakia," MUNI ECON Working Papers, Masaryk University, number 2023-03, Feb, DOI: 10.5817/WP_MUNI_ECON_2023-03.
- Klaus Desmet & Joseph F. Gomes & Diego Malo Rico, 2023, "Ethnic Remoteness Reduces the Peace Dividend from Trade Access," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 30862, Jan.
- Marco Battaglini & Valerio Leone Sciabolazza & Eleonora Patacchini, 2023, "Logrolling in Congress," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 31169, Apr.
- Aimable Amani Lameke & Albert Malukisa Nkuku & Raúl Sánchez de la Sierra & Vincent Tanutama & Kristof Titeca, 2023, "Social Relationships and Joint Profit in Kinshasa," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 31286, May.
- Leopoldo Fergusson & Javier Mejia & James A. Robinson & Santiago Torres, 2023, "Constitutions and Order: A Theory and Evidence from Colombia and the United States," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 31501, Jul.
- Massimo Pulejo & Pablo Querubín, 2023, "Plata y Plomo: How Higher Wages Expose Politicians to Criminal Violence," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 31586, Aug.
- Andrey Malenko & Nadya Malenko, 2023, "Voting Choice," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 31636, Aug.
- Daron Acemoglu & Alexander Wolitzky, 2023, "Mistrust, Misperception, and Misunderstanding: Imperfect Information and Conflict Dynamics," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 31681, Sep.
- Doron Y. Levit & Nadya Malenko & Ernst G. Maug, 2023, "The Voting Premium," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 31892, Nov.
- Abigail Barr & Anna Hochleitner & Silvia Sonderegger, 2023, "Does increasing inequality threaten social stability? Evidence from the lab," Discussion Papers, The Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham, number 2023-13.
- Nicolas Berman & Björn Brey & Jérémy Laurent-Lucchetti, 2023, "Panic politics on the US West Coast," Discussion Papers, Nottingham Interdisciplinary Centre for Economic and Political Research (NICEP), number 2023-06.
- Teevrat Garg & Caterina Gennaioli & Stefania Lovo & Gregor Singer, 2023, "Can competition reduce conflict?," Discussion Papers, Nottingham Interdisciplinary Centre for Economic and Political Research (NICEP), number 2023-07.
- Leogrande, Angelo, 2023, "The Usage of Internet in the Context of ESG Model at World Level," SocArXiv, Center for Open Science, number 8f5q9, Jun, DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/8f5q9.
- Andrea Marcucci & Dominic Rohner & Alessandro Saia, 2023, "Ballot or Bullet: The Impact of the UK’s Representation of the People Act on Peace and Prosperity," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, volume 133, issue 652, pages 1510-1536.
- Michal Bauer & Jana Cahlíková & Julie Chytilová & Gérard Roland & Tomáš Želinský, 2023, "Shifting Punishment onto Minorities: Experimental Evidence of Scapegoating," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, volume 133, issue 652, pages 1626-1640.
- Richard N Langlois, 2023, "Modularity, identity, and the constitutional diagonal," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, volume 32, issue 1, pages 262-276.
- Bilal Malaeb & Eustace Uzor, 2023, "Multidimensional Impact Evaluation: The Impact of the Women’s Income Generating Support Program in Northern Uganda," Journal of African Economies, Centre for the Study of African Economies, volume 32, issue 3, pages 269-295.
- Marco Alfano & Joseph-Simon Görlach, 2023, "Terrorism, Media Coverage, and Education: Evidence from al-Shabaab Attacks in Kenya," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, volume 21, issue 2, pages 727-763.
- Jean Lacroix, 2023, "Ballots Instead of Bullets? The Effect of the Voting Rights Act on Political Violence," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, volume 21, issue 2, pages 764-813.
- Filipe R Campante & Davin Chor & Bingjing Li, 2023, "The Political Economy Consequences of China’s Export Slowdown," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, volume 21, issue 5, pages 1721-1771.
- Morakinyo O Adetutu & Kayode A Odusanya & Eleni Stathopoulou & Thomas G Weyman-Jones, 2023, "Environmental regulation, taxes, and activism," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, volume 75, issue 2, pages 460-489.
- Ying Bai & Ruixue Jia & Jiaojiao Yang, 2023, "Web of Power: How Elite Networks Shaped War and Politics in China," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, volume 138, issue 2, pages 1067-1108.
- Johannes Buggle & Thierry Mayer & Seyhun Orcan Sakalli & Mathias Thoenig, 2023, "The Refugee’s Dilemma: Evidence from Jewish Migration out of Nazi Germany," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, volume 138, issue 2, pages 1273-1345.
- Eleonora Guarnieri & Ana Tur-Prats, 2023, "Cultural Distance and Conflict-Related Sexual Violence," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, volume 138, issue 3, pages 1817-1861.
- Ali Kakhbod & Uliana Loginova & Andrey Malenko & Nadya Malenko, 2023, "Advising the Management: A Theory of Shareholder Engagement," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, volume 36, issue 4, pages 1319-1363.
- Ioana Raluca Diaconu & Bogdan Andrei Tiliuta, 2023, "The Impact of the Russian-Ukrainian Conflict on Romania's Economy," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 2, pages 232-236, December.
- Muhsin Ali & Karim Khan, 2023, "Violent Conflict and Informal Institutions: Evidence from a Civil Conflict in Pakistan (Article)," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, volume 62, issue 2, pages 235-264.
- Apolte, Thomas, 2023, "To Democratize or not to Democratize? The Sufficient Condition for Democratization," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 116028, Jan.
- Chapkovski, Philipp & Zakharov, Alexei, 2023, "Does voluntary disclosure of polarizing information make polarization deeper? An online experiment on Russo-Ukrainian War," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 116305, Feb.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "The aftermath of Nigeria’s 2023 presidential elections and its impact on the sub-region," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 116567, Mar.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "Les conséquences des élections présidentielles de 2023 au Nigéria et son impact sur la sous-région
[The aftermath of Nigeria’s 2023 presidential elections and its impact on the sub-region]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 116576, Mar. - Depetris-Chauvin, Emilio & Özak, Ömer, 2023, "(De facto) Historical Ethnic Borders and Contemporary Conflict in Africa," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 116868, Mar.
- Depetris-Chauvin, Emilio & Özak, Ömer, 2023, "(De facto) Historical Ethnic Borders and Land Tenure in Sub-Saharan Africa," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 116869, Mar.
- Cerami, Alfio, 2023, "In the Shadow of War: Social, Distributive and Civil Conflicts in Belarus, Latvia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuania, Russian Federation, Tajikistan and Ukraine," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 116870, Sep.
- Leogrande, Angelo, 2023, "The Usage of Internet in the Context of ESG Model at World Level," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 117743.
- Popov, Vladimir & Konchakov, Roman & Didenko, Dmitry, 2023, "Factors of social tension in the provinces of the Russian Empire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 118464, Sep.
- Hendrix, Cullen & Noland, Marcus, 2023, "The West versus Beijing? Determinants of the UN Human Rights Council vote (not) to debate human rights in Xinjiang," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 118630, Sep.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "Comparative Analysis of the Performance of EU and AU Peacekeeping Missions in Sub-Saharan Africa," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 118809, Oct.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "Analyse comparative de la performance des missions de maintien de la paix de l'UE et de l'UA en Afrique subsaharienne
[Comparative Analysis of the Performance of EU and AU Peacekeeping Missions in Sub-Saharan Africa]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 118810, Oct. - Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "The impact of Israel's Sub-Saharan relations on African migrants in Israel," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 118992, Oct.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "L'impact des relations subsahariennes d'Israël sur les migrants africains en Israël
[The impact of Israel's Sub-Saharan relations on African migrants in Israel]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 119007, Oct. - Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "The impact of foreign relations between Sub-Saharan Africa and the Arab Golf states on African migrants in the region," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 119234, Nov.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "L'impact des relations extérieures entre l'Afrique subsaharienne et les États arabes du Golfe sur les migrants africains dans la région
[The impact of foreign relations between Sub-Saharan Africa and the Arab Golf states on African migrants in the," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 119251, Nov. - Valencia-Toledo, Alfredo & Vidal-Puga, Juan, 2023, "A linear model for freight transportation," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 119301, Nov.
- Anouk S. Rigterink & Tarek Ghani & Juan Sebastian Lozano & Jacob N. Shapiro, 2023, "Mining Competition and Violent Conflict in Africa: Pitting Against Each Other," Empirical Studies of Conflict Project (ESOC) Working Papers, Empirical Studies of Conflict Project, number 35, Jan.
- Stephen D. Biddle & Eric Min & Laura Resnick Samotin, 2023, "Quantitative Archival Analysis in Strategic Studies: The World War II Pacific Submarine Campaign," Empirical Studies of Conflict Project (ESOC) Working Papers, Empirical Studies of Conflict Project, number 38, Aug.
- Emiliano Brancaccio, 2023, "Centralizzazione del capitale, guerra e pace (Centralization of capital, war and peace)," Moneta e Credito, Economia civile, volume 76, issue 304, pages 339-356.
- Joana Cecilia Chapa & Edgardo Arturo Ayala & Sandra Edith Medellin, 2023, "The economic costs of insecurity on businesses in Mexico: A general equilibrium perspective," EconoQuantum, Revista de Economia y Finanzas, Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Economico Administrativas, Departamento de Metodos Cuantitativos y Maestria en Economia., volume 20, issue 1, pages 83-99, Enero-Jun.
- Tobias König & Dorothea Kübler & Lydia Mechtenberg & Renke Schmacker, 2023, "Fairness in Matching Markets: Experimental Evidence," Rationality and Competition Discussion Paper Series, CRC TRR 190 Rationality and Competition, number 442, Nov.
- Felix Kersting, 2023, "Mimicking the Opposition: Bismarck's Welfare State and the Rise of the Socialists," Rationality and Competition Discussion Paper Series, CRC TRR 190 Rationality and Competition, number 448, Nov.
- Rohit Ticku, 2023, "Votes for Sale," RSCAS Working Papers, European University Institute, number 2023/55, Sep.
- Anna Balestra & Raul Caruso, 2023, "Vaccines between war and market," International Area Studies Review, Center for International Area Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, volume 26, issue 1, pages 24-39, March, DOI: 10.1177/22338659231154030.
- Kerstin Unfried & Krisztina Kis-Katos, 2023, "The heterogeneous effects of conflict on education: A spatial analysis in Sub-Saharan Africa," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, volume 60, issue 6, pages 968-984, November, DOI: 10.1177/00223433221099557.
- Vincenzo Bove & Jessica Di Salvtore & Lenadro Elia & Roberto Nisticò, 2023, "Mothers at Peace: International Peacebuilding and Post-conflict Fertility," CSEF Working Papers, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy, number 670, Feb.
- Subhasish M. Chowdhury & Matteo M. Marini, 2023, "Overbidding and Heterogeneous Behavior in Contest Experiments: A Meta-Comment on Cross-Cultural Differences," Working Papers, The University of Sheffield, Department of Economics, number 2023016, Aug.
- Subhasish M. Chowdhury & Sang-Hyun Kim, 2023, "The Central Influencer Theorem: Spatial Voting Contests with Endogenous Coalition Formation," Working Papers, The University of Sheffield, Department of Economics, number 2023019, Aug.
- Subhasish M. Chowdhury & Upasak Das & Shrabani Saha, 2023, "Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Necessarily Escalate Intimate Partner Violence? Results from a National-level Survey in India," Working Papers, The University of Sheffield, Department of Economics, number 2023024, Dec.
- Emilio Depetris-Chauvin & Ömer Özak, 2023, "(De facto) Historical Ethnic Borders and Contemporary Conflict in Africa," Departmental Working Papers, Southern Methodist University, Department of Economics, number 2303, Feb.
- Emilio Depetris-Chauvin & Ömer Özak, 2023, "(De facto) Historical Ethnic Borders and Land Tenure in Sub-Saharan Africa," Departmental Working Papers, Southern Methodist University, Department of Economics, number 2304, Mar.
- Md. Nasir Uddin & Saran Sarntisart & Afrin Mahbub & A. B. M. Rahmatullah, 2023, "Power of education in economic conflicts: how the Deep South differs from other southern provinces in Thailand?," Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, Springer, volume 7, issue 3, pages 987-1005, September, DOI: 10.1007/s41685-023-00287-6.
- Friedhelm Hentschel, 2023, "Alternative intervention mechanisms in rent-seeking contests," Economics of Governance, Springer, volume 24, issue 4, pages 453-471, December, DOI: 10.1007/s10101-023-00298-1.
- Mohammad Reza Farzanegan & Mohammad Ali Kadivar, 2023, "The effect of Islamic revolution and war on income inequality in Iran," Empirical Economics, Springer, volume 65, issue 2, pages 1007-1026, August, DOI: 10.1007/s00181-023-02365-2.
- Federica Cappelli & Caterina Conigliani & Davide Consoli & Valeria Costantini & Elena Paglialunga, 2023, "Climate change and armed conflicts in Africa: temporal persistence, non-linear climate impact and geographical spillovers," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, volume 40, issue 2, pages 517-560, July, DOI: 10.1007/s40888-022-00271-x.
- Matteo Migheli & Margherita Saraceno, 2023, "On the propensity to settle or litigate in laboratory disputes," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, volume 40, issue 2, pages 615-642, July, DOI: 10.1007/s40888-022-00287-3.
- Aner Sela, 2023, "Is there free riding in group contests?," Economic Theory Bulletin, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), volume 11, issue 2, pages 191-201, October, DOI: 10.1007/s40505-023-00250-w.
- Sven-Eric Bärsch & Jost Heckemeyer & Marcel Olbert, 2023, "Do firms with a centralized transfer pricing authority have more tax disputes and internal coordination conflicts?," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, volume 93, issue 8, pages 1415-1450, October, DOI: 10.1007/s11573-023-01146-8.
- Guivis Zeufack Nkemgha & Moses Abit Ofeh & Boker Poumie, 2023, "Growth Effect of Inflation in Central African Countries: Does Security Situation Matter?," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), volume 14, issue 3, pages 3409-3430, September, DOI: 10.1007/s13132-022-01008-8.
- Casilda Lasso de la Vega & Oscar Volij & Federico Weinschelbaum, 2023, "When do more police induce more crime?," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), volume 76, issue 3, pages 759-778, October, DOI: 10.1007/s00199-022-01477-7.
- Massimo Egidi, 2023, "The internal fragility of representative democracy: was Schumpeter right?," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, volume 33, issue 3, pages 645-670, July, DOI: 10.1007/s00191-023-00820-y.
- Emin Karagözoğlu & Kerim Keskin & Çağrı Sağlam, 2023, "(In)efficiency and equitability of equilibrium outcomes in a family of bargaining games," International Journal of Game Theory, Springer;Game Theory Society, volume 52, issue 1, pages 175-193, March, DOI: 10.1007/s00182-022-00814-3.
- Fredrik Ødegaard & Charles Z. Zheng, 2023, "Trilateral escalation in the dollar auction," International Journal of Game Theory, Springer;Game Theory Society, volume 52, issue 1, pages 195-230, March, DOI: 10.1007/s00182-022-00815-2.
- Ori Shai, 2023, "Can conflict affect individuals’ preferences for income redistribution?," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, volume 36, issue 4, pages 3071-3096, October, DOI: 10.1007/s00148-023-00963-z.
- Debarati Basu & Shabana Mitra & Archana Purohit, 2023, "Measuring Partial Democracies: Rules and their Implementation," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, volume 166, issue 1, pages 133-155, February, DOI: 10.1007/s11205-022-03055-9.
- Heinz D. Kurz, 2023, "Defence is of Much More Importance than Opulence—Adam Smith on the Political Economy of War," Springer Books, Springer, in: Martin A. Leroch & Florian Rupp, "Power and Responsibility", DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-23015-8_3.
- Leopoldo Fergusson & Juan F. Vargas, 2023, "Colombia: Democratic but Violent?," Springer Books, Springer, in: Felipe Valencia Caicedo, "Roots of Underdevelopment", DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-38723-4_10.
- Jianbin Wei & Yanzhao Zhang, 2023, "The Impact of Tom Management Team Heterogeneity on Corporate Performance - An Empirical Study Based on Chinese Listed Companies from 2008-2019," Advances in Management and Applied Economics, SCIENPRESS Ltd, volume 13, issue 1, pages 1-4.
- Shuangjie Li & Tianlun Zhao, 2023, "The Impact of Chinese New Budget Law on the Issuance cost of Urban Investment Bonds," Advances in Management and Applied Economics, SCIENPRESS Ltd, volume 13, issue 5, pages 1-3.
- M. Molhova & I. Ivanov, 2023, "Disruptive Technologies - Technological Change Driven Conflicts," Journal of Risk & Control, SCIENPRESS Ltd, volume 10, issue 1, pages 1-2.
- Mustafa Sami Mencet & Riza Gabdyssalyk, 2023, "How can distance learning offer opportunities for developing countries? Case of Turkey and Kazakhstan," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, volume 10, issue 3, pages 231-253, March, DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(16).
- Luca Buzzanca & Caterina Conigliani & Valeria Costantini, 2023, "Conflicts and natural disasters as drivers of forced migrations in a gravity-type approach," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, volume 10, issue 3, pages 254-273, March, DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(17).
- Achmad Farid Wadjdi & Julexi Tambayong & Eddy MT Sianturi, 2023, "Enhancing national defense capabilities through collaborative programs: insights and policy recommendations for Indonesia," Insights into Regional Development, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, volume 5, issue 3, pages 10-23, September, DOI: 10.9770/ird.2023.5.3(1).
- Adnan Efendic & Dejan Kovac & Jacob N. Shapiro, 2023, "Exposure to Conflict, Migrations and Long-run Education and Income Inequality: Evidence from Bosnia and Herzegovina," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 34, issue 8, pages 1003-1017, November, DOI: 10.1080/10242694.2022.2100572.
- Ketelaars, Martijn & Borm, Peter & Herings, P.J.J., 2023, "Duality in Financial Networks," Discussion Paper, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research, number 2023-016.
- Ketelaars, Martijn & Borm, Peter & Herings, P.J.J., 2023, "Duality in Financial Networks," Other publications TiSEM, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management, number 26750293-9599-4e05-9ae1-8.
- Christopher Ksoll & Rocco Macchiavello & Ameet Morjaria, 2023, "Electoral Violence and Supply Chain Disruptions in Kenya's Floriculture Industry," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, volume 105, issue 6, pages 1335-1351, November, DOI: 10.1162/rest_a_01185.
- Achyuta Adhvaryu & James Fenske, 2023, "Conflict and the Formation of Political Beliefs in Africa," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, volume 71, issue 2, pages 403-442, DOI: 10.1086/715846.
- Astghik Mavisakalyan & Anna Minasyan, 2023, "The Role of Conflict in Sex Discrimination: The Case of Missing Girls," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, volume 71, issue 2, pages 443-484, DOI: 10.1086/716101.
- Richard N. Langlois, 2023, "Imprisoning Complexity in Modules," Working papers, University of Connecticut, Department of Economics, number 2023-05, Aug.
- Micael Castanheira De Moura & Andrew Schotter & Johannes Leutgeb & Steffen Huck, 2023, "How Trump Triumphed: Multi-Candidate Primaries with Buffoons," ULB Institutional Repository, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, number 2013/357969, Jun.
- Dietzenbacher, Bas & Tamura, Yuki & Thomson, William, 2023, "Partial-implementation invariance and claims problems," Research Memorandum, Maastricht University, Graduate School of Business and Economics (GSBE), number 002, Mar, DOI: 10.26481/umagsb.2023002.
- Asylbek kyzy, Gulzhan & Milante, Gary & Nimeh, Zina & Thomsson, Kaj, 2023, "Why do we still measure state fragility?," MERIT Working Papers, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT), number 2023-041, Nov.
- Sonia Bhalotra & Irma Clots-Figueras & Lakshmi Iyer, 2023, "Ethnic conflict: the role of ethnic representation," WIDER Working Paper Series, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER), number wp-2023-84.
- Mounu Prem & Juan F. Vargas & Olga Namen, 2023, "The Human Capital Peace Dividend," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, volume 58, issue 3, pages 962-1002.
- Asongu, Simplice A & Odhiambo, Nicholas M, 2023, "Military Expenditure, Policy Syndromes and Tourism in the World," Working Papers, University of South Africa, Department of Economics, number 30041, May.
- Daniel Graydon Stephenson, 2023, "Convergence Rates in Resource Allocation Games," Working Papers, VCU School of Business, Department of Economics, number 2304, Jan.
- Bukalska Elżbieta & Zabediuk Myroslava & Mostovenko Nataliia, 2023, "Conflict of interests among shareholders – does it refer to dividend decisions?," Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, Sciendo, volume 23, issue 1, pages 16-41, June, DOI: 10.2478/foli-2023-0002.
- Ozturk Ahmet & Tumen Semih, 2023, "The revolution is dead, long live the demolition: Education and labor market consequences of student riots," IZA Journal of Labor Economics, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), volume 12, issue 1, pages 1-34, January, DOI: 10.2478/izajole-2023-0004.
- Trucmel Irina-Maria & Vintila Alexandra, 2023, "An Assessment of the Russo-Ukrainian Conflict on the European Cereal Exports Using Network Theory," Journal of Social and Economic Statistics, Sciendo, volume 12, issue 1, pages 46-62, July, DOI: 10.2478/jses-2023-0003.
- Muminović Adnan, 2023, "Not Just Empty Rhetoric: The Economic Cost of Warmongering in a Post-Conflict Environment," South East European Journal of Economics and Business, Sciendo, volume 18, issue 2, pages 112-125, December, DOI: 10.2478/jeb-2023-0022.
- Premand,Patrick & Rohner,Dominic Patrick, 2023, "Cash and Conflict: Large-Scale Experimental Evidence from Niger," Policy Research Working Paper Series, The World Bank, number 10293, Feb.
- Elice,Paola & Martínez Flores,Fernanda & Reichert,Arndt Rudiger, 2023, "Religious Terrorism, Forced Migration, and Women’s Empowerment : Evidence from the Boko Haram Insurgency," Policy Research Working Paper Series, The World Bank, number 10524, Aug.
- Subhasish M. Chowdhury & Patricia Esteve‐González & Anwesha Mukherjee, 2023, "Heterogeneity, leveling the playing field, and affirmative action in contests," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, volume 89, issue 3, pages 924-974, January, DOI: 10.1002/soej.12618.
- Bhalotra, Sonia & Clots-Figueras, Irma & Iyer, Lakshmi, 2023, "Ethnic conflict : the role of ethnic representation," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS), University of Warwick, Department of Economics, number 1463.
- Fetzer, Thiemo & Souza, Pedco CL & Eynde, Oliver Vanden & Wright, Austin L., 2023, "Losing on the Home Front? Battlefield Casualties, Media, and Public Support for Foreign Interventions," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS), University of Warwick, Department of Economics, number 1482.
- Bhalotra, Sonia & Clots-Figueras, Irma & Iyer, Lakshmi, 2023, "Ethnic conflict : the role of ethnic representation," QAPEC Discussion Papers, Quantitative and Analytical Political Economy Research Centre, number 19.
- Zhong, Yuchen, 2023, "Does electing criminally accused politicians affect the constituency level Maoist incidents? Evidence from India," Warwick-Monash Economics Student Papers, Warwick Monash Economics Student Papers, number 65.
- Fix, Blair, 2023, "Inflation! The Battle Between Creditors and Workers," EconStor Preprints, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, number 270852.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "The impact of foreign relations between Sub-Saharan Africa and the Arab Golf states on African migrants in the region," EconStor Preprints, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, number 300911, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10206791.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "L'impact des relations extérieures entre l'Afrique subsaharienne et les États arabes du Golfe sur les migrants africains dans la région," EconStor Preprints, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, number 300912, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10206793.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "The impact of Israel's Sub-Saharan relations on African migrants in Israel," EconStor Preprints, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, number 300913, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10056142.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "L'impact des relations subsahariennes d'Israël sur les migrants africains en Israël," EconStor Preprints, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, number 300914, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10056146.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2023, "Comparative Analysis of the Performance of EU and AU Peacekeeping Missions in Sub-Saharan Africa," EconStor Preprints, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, number 300915, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8423274.
- Tontrup, Stephan & Gaissmaier, Wolfgang, 2023, "Democracy Premium – A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Effects of Democratic Choice in China and Germany," EconStor Preprints, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, number 335551, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4547585.
- Depetris-Chauvin, Emilio & Özak, Ömer, 2023, "(De facto) Historical Ethnic Borders and Land Tenure in Sub-Saharan Africa," GLO Discussion Paper Series, Global Labor Organization (GLO), number 1261.
- Galindo-Silva, Hector & Tchuente, Guy, 2023, "Armed Conflict and Early Human Capital Accumulation: Evidence from Cameroon's Anglophone Conflict," GLO Discussion Paper Series, Global Labor Organization (GLO), number 1295.
- Werner, Katharina & Skali, Ahmed, 2023, "Violent Conflict and Parochial Trust: Lab-in-the-Field and Survey Evidence," GLO Discussion Paper Series, Global Labor Organization (GLO), number 1319.
- Crozet, Matthieu & Hinz, Julian, 2023, "Blowback: The effect of sanctions on democratic elections," Kiel Working Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 2246.
- Hufschmidt, Patrick & Ume, Chukwuma Otum, 2023, "Conflicts and political intervention: Evidence from the anti-open grazing laws in Nigeria," Ruhr Economic Papers, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen, number 1009, DOI: 10.4419/96973175.
- Elice, Paola & Martínez Flores, Fernanda & Reichert, Arndt R., 2023, "Religious terrorism, forced migration, and women's empowerment: Evidence from the Boko Haram insurgency," Ruhr Economic Papers, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen, number 1044, DOI: 10.4419/96973213.
- Bühler, Mathias & Madestam, Andreas, 2023, "State Repression, Exit, and Voice: Living in the Shadow of Cambodia's Killing Fields," VfS Annual Conference 2023 (Regensburg): Growth and the "sociale Frage", Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 277610.
- Dimant, Eugen & Krieger, Tim & Meierrieks, Daniel, 2023, "Paying them to hate US: The effect of U.S. military aid on anti-American terrorism, 1968-2018," Discussion Paper Series, University of Freiburg, Wilfried Guth Endowed Chair for Constitutional Political Economy and Competition Policy, number 2023-02.
- Barber, Luke & Jetter, Michael & Krieger, Tim, 2023, "Foreshadowing Mars: Religiosity and pre-Enlightenment warfare," Discussion Paper Series, University of Freiburg, Wilfried Guth Endowed Chair for Constitutional Political Economy and Competition Policy, number 2023-03.
- Huck, Steffen & Humphreys, Macartan & Schweighofer-Kodritsch, Sebastian, 2023, "Political salience and regime resilience," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Economics of Change, WZB Berlin Social Science Center, number SP II 2023-305r, revised 2023.
- Tuki, Daniel, 2023, "Pastoral conflicts and (dis)trust: Evidence from Nigeria using an instrumental variable approach," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Migration, Integration, Transnationalization, WZB Berlin Social Science Center, number SP VI 2023-101.
2022
- Mazen Hassan & Sarah Mansour & Stefan Voigt & May Gadallah, 2022, "When Syria was in Egypt’s land: Egyptians cooperate with Syrians, but less with each other," Public Choice, Springer, volume 191, issue 3, pages 337-362, June, DOI: 10.1007/s11127-019-00727-y.
- Soeren C. Schwuchow & George Tridimas, 2022, "The political economy of Solon’s law against neutrality in civil wars," Public Choice, Springer, volume 192, issue 3, pages 249-272, September, DOI: 10.1007/s11127-022-00980-8.
- Oliver Engist & Felix Schafmeister, 2022, "Do political protests mobilize voters? Evidence from the Black Lives Matter protests," Public Choice, Springer, volume 193, issue 3, pages 293-313, December, DOI: 10.1007/s11127-022-00998-y.
- Peter-J. Jost, 2022, "Friend or foe? Co-opetition and entrepreneurial networking," Small Business Economics, Springer, volume 59, issue 3, pages 1043-1059, October, DOI: 10.1007/s11187-021-00567-5.
- Steven J. Brams & Mehmet S. Ismail, 2022, "Every normal-form game has a Pareto-optimal nonmyopic equilibrium," Theory and Decision, Springer, volume 92, issue 2, pages 349-362, March, DOI: 10.1007/s11238-021-09824-1.
- Rabab Batool & Ghashia Kiyani & Saba Obaid & Mian F. Raza, 2023, "On the Political Economy of Foreign Aid and Human Rights in Autocracies," Journal of Development Innovations, KarmaQuest International, volume 7, issue 2, pages 1-27, December.
- Aylí Covas Varela & Gretel Martínez & Ilberto González Hernández, 2022, "Perfeccionamiento De La Gestión De Las Cadenas De Suministro Del Programa Local De Producción Y Venta De Materiales De Construcción," Revista Ciencias Administrativas (CADM), IIA, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Instituto de Investigaciones Administrativas, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, issue 20, pages 1-12, July-Dece, DOI: 10.24215/23143738e102.
- Oihane Gallo & Bettina Klaus, 2022, "Stable partitions for proportional generalized claims problems," Cahiers de Recherches Economiques du Département d'économie, Université de Lausanne, Faculté des HEC, Département d’économie, number 22.03, Mar.
- Mario Gilli & Filippo Giorgini, 2022, "Citizens' Protests: causes and consequences," Working Papers, University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Economics, number 504, Sep.
- Sascha O. Becker & Sharun Mukand & Ivan Yotzov, 2022, "PERSECUTION, POGROMS AND GENOCIDE: A Conceptual Framework and New Evidence," Monash Economics Working Papers, Monash University, Department of Economics, number 2022-18, Aug.
- Kai A. Konrad & Marcel Thum, 2022, "Elusive Effects of Oil and Gas Export Embargoes," Working Papers, Max Planck Institute for Tax Law and Public Finance, number tax-mpg-rps-2022-05, Mar.
- Kai A. Konrad & Florian Morath, 2022, "How to preempt attacks in multi-front conflict with limited resources," Working Papers, Max Planck Institute for Tax Law and Public Finance, number tax-mpg-rps-2022-09, Jun.
- Veli Andirin & Yusuf Neggers & Mehdi Shadmehr & Jesse M. Shapiro, 2022, "Surveillance of Repression: Theory and Implementation," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 30167, Jun.
- Arzu Kibris & Resul Cesur, 2022, "Does War Foster Cooperation or Parochialism? Evidence from a Natural Experiment among Turkish Conscripts," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 30674, Nov.
- Vanya Petsanova, 2022, "Assessment Of The Level Of Conflict In The Regional Directorate "Agriculture" Blagoevgrad," Economics and Management, Faculty of Economics, SOUTH-WEST UNIVERSITY "NEOFIT RILSKI", BLAGOEVGRAD, volume 19, issue 2, pages 12-20, DOI: 10.37708/em.swu.v19i2.2.
- Roudabeh Kishi, 2022, "Political violence targeting women in West Africa," West African Papers, OECD Publishing, number 34, Jun, DOI: 10.1787/0b214920-en.
- Sebastian Elischer, 2022, "Populist civil society, the Wagner Group, and post-coup politics in Mali," West African Papers, OECD Publishing, number 36, Jul, DOI: 10.1787/b6249de6-en.
- Desmet, Klaus & Ortuño-Ortín, Ignacio & Özak, Ömer, 2022, "Is Secessionism Mostly About Income or Identity? A Global Analysis of 3,003 Subnational Regions," OSF Preprints, Center for Open Science, number h4yq3, Aug, DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/h4yq3.
- Bernal, Carolina & Prem, Mounu & Vargas, Juan F. & Ortiz, Mónica, 2022, "Peaceful Entry: Entrepreneurship Dynamics during Colombia's Peace Agreement," SocArXiv, Center for Open Science, number 3y7gk_v1, Feb, DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/3y7gk_v1.
- Goli, Srinivas & Arora, Somya & Jain, Neha & Sekher, TV, 2022, "Patrilocality and Child Sex Ratios in India," SocArXiv, Center for Open Science, number 7qxyp, Jan, DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/7qxyp.
- Desmet, Klaus & Ortuño-Ortín, Ignacio & Özak, Ömer, 2022, "Is Secessionism Mostly About Income or Identity? A Global Analysis of 3,003 Subnational Regions," SocArXiv, Center for Open Science, number bq2yr, Sep, DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/bq2yr.
- Meierrieks, Daniel & Schaub, Max, 2022, "Terrorism and Child Mortality: Evidence from Africa," SocArXiv, Center for Open Science, number h9bsd, May, DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/h9bsd.
- Vesa Kanniainen, 2022, "Gallup Democracy in Exercising the NATO Membership Option: The Cases of Finland and Sweden
[A Political Theory of Populism]," CESifo Economic Studies, CESifo Group, volume 68, issue 3, pages 281-296. - Konstantin Sonin & Austin L Wright, 2022, "Information Operations Increase Civilian Security Cooperation," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, volume 132, issue 643, pages 1179-1199.
- Monica Martinez-Bravo & Andreas Stegmann, 2022, "In Vaccines We Trust? The Effects of the CIA’s Vaccine Ruse on Immunization in Pakistan," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, volume 20, issue 1, pages 150-186.
- Rishabh Sinha & Leila Aghabarari & Ahmed Rostom, 2022, "Conflict and the nature of precautionary wealth
[Behavioral and material determinants of production relations in land-abundant tropical agriculture]," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, volume 74, issue 2, pages 567-593. - Edoardo Grillo & Antonio Nicolò, 2022, "Learning it the hard way: Conflicts, economic sanctions and military aids," "Marco Fanno" Working Papers, Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche "Marco Fanno", number 0284, Sep.
- Giacomo Battiston & Matteo Bizzarri & Riccardo Franceschin, 2022, "Third-Party Interest, Resource Value, and the Likelihood of Conflict," "Marco Fanno" Working Papers, Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche "Marco Fanno", number 0287, Sep.
- Lukas Block, 2022, "Coalition formation versus free riding in rent-seeking contests," Working Papers Dissertations, Paderborn University, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, number 93, Apr.
- Lukas Block, 2022, "Network formation with NIMBY constraints," Working Papers Dissertations, Paderborn University, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, number 94, Apr.
- Goli, Srinivas & Arora, Somya & Jain, Neha & Shekher, T V, 2022, "Patrilocality and Child Sex Ratios in India," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 111905, Jan.
- Jaaidane, Touria & Musy, Olivier & Tallec, Ronan, 2022, "Rent-seeking, Reform and Conflict: French Parliaments at the End of the Ancien Régime," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 112067, Feb.
- Crippa, Andrea & d'Agostino, Giorgio & Dunne, Paul & Pieroni, Luca, 2022, "Conflict as a Cause of Migration," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 112327.
- Nakao, Keisuke, 2022, "Democratic Victory and War Duration: Why Are Democracies Less Likely to Win Long Wars?," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 112849, Apr.
- Saccal, Alessandro, 2022, "Nash equilibria of COVID-19 vaccination," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 113024, May.
- Chowdhury, Subhasish & Karmakar, Senjuti, 2022, "The Interrelationship between the COVID-19 Pandemic and Conflict Behavior: A Survey," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 113311, Jun.
- Francisco, Rodriguez & Patrick, Imam, 2022, "Political Growth Collapses," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 113670, Jul.
- Saccal, Alessandro, 2022, "A Nash equilibrium against gun control," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 115213, Oct.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2022, "Outside sources of terrorist threats in West Africa," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 115338, Nov.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2022, "Sources extérieures des menaces terroristes en Afrique de l'Ouest
[Outside sources of terrorist threats in West Africa]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 115339, Nov. - Danilov, Vladimir & Karzanov, Alexander, 2022, "Stable and metastable contract networks," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 115482, Nov.
- Kohnert, Dirk, 2022, "Francophonie en Afrique subsaharienne: dépendance postcoloniale ou autodétermination ?
[Francophonie in sub-Saharan Africa: Post-colonial dependence or self-determination ?]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 115625, Dec. - Harichandan, Aishwarya, 2022, "Counter-Terrorism Efforts by Government in case of hostage taking by negotiation and bargaining: A Game Theoretic Analysis," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 115728, Nov.
- Pachankis, Yang, 2022, "Jeopardies in human security and politicization of COVID-19," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 115799, Nov, revised 07 Dec 2022.
- Pachankis, Yang, 2022, "The translation of uniformity or a sociology of knowledge: issues of publishing ethics in the 21st entury," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 115812, Dec.
- Ginzburg, Boris & Guerra, José-Alberto Guerra, 2022, "Guns, pets, and strikes: an experiment on identity and political action," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 117140, Apr.
- Marandici, Ion, 2022, "Loss Aversion, Neo-imperial Frames and Territorial Expansion: Using Prospect Theory to Examine the Annexation of Crimea," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 117208, Jan.
- Andrew Shaver & Benjamin Krick & Judy Blancaflor & Sarah Yein Ku & Xavier Liu, 2022, "The Causes and Consequences of Refugee Flows: A Contemporary Re-Analysis," Empirical Studies of Conflict Project (ESOC) Working Papers, Empirical Studies of Conflict Project, number 29, Apr.
- Till Raphael Sanger & Ethan B. Kapstein & Ronnie Sircar, 2022, "Estimating the Collapse of Afghanistan’s Economy Using Nightlights Data," Empirical Studies of Conflict Project (ESOC) Working Papers, Empirical Studies of Conflict Project, number 34, Dec.
- Sukampon Chongwilaikasaem & Chaleampong Kongcharoen & Nakarin Amarase, 2022, "Relationship between Conflict and Labor Market in the Deep South of Thailand," PIER Discussion Papers, Puey Ungphakorn Institute for Economic Research, number 193, Nov.
- Tanisa Tawichsri & Thiti Tosborvorn & Suparit Suwanik & Boontida Sa-ngimnet & Chonnakan Rittinon, 2022, "Misunderstood Differences: Perception, Media, and Out-Group Animosity in Thailand," PIER Discussion Papers, Puey Ungphakorn Institute for Economic Research, number 194, Dec, revised Nov 2025.
- Perilla, Sergio & Prem, Mounu & Purroy, Miguel E. & Vargas, Juan F., 2022, "How Peace Saves Lives: Evidence from Colombia," Working papers, Red Investigadores de Economía, number 91, Jun.
- Dessie Ambaw & Madhavi Pundit & Arief Ramayandi & Nicholas Sim, 2022, "Real Exchange Rate Misalignment and Business Cycle Fluctuations in Asia and the Pacific," ADB Economics Working Paper Series, Asian Development Bank, number 651, Mar.
- Michelle Garfinkel & Stergios Skaperdas & Constantinos Syropoulos, 2022, "Trade, Insecurity, and the Costs of Conflict," School of Economics Working Paper Series, LeBow College of Business, Drexel University, number 2022-8, Jun.
- Michelle Garfinkel & Constantinos Syropoulos, 2022, "International Trade and Stable Resolutions of Resource Disputes," School of Economics Working Paper Series, LeBow College of Business, Drexel University, number 2022-9, Sep.
- Oscar Camacho & Michelle Garfinkel & Constantinos Syropoulos & Yoto Yotov, 2022, "Output Insecurity and Ownership Disputes as Barriers to Technology Diffusion," School of Economics Working Paper Series, LeBow College of Business, Drexel University, number 2022-10, Oct.
- Arkadiusz Radwan & Sonia Horonziak, 2022, "Wybory korespondencyjne w Bawarii 29 marca 2020 r. a COVID-19. Analiza empiryczna na tle debaty o zasadności organizacji wyborów w czasie pandemii," Studia z Polityki Publicznej / Public Policy Studies, Warsaw School of Economics, volume 9, issue 1, pages 1-25.
- Luca Buzzanca & Caterina Conigliani & Valeria Costantini, 2022, "Conflicts and natural disasters as drivers of forced migrations in a gravity-type approach," Departmental Working Papers of Economics - University 'Roma Tre', Department of Economics - University Roma Tre, number 0268, May.
- Terrence W Fitzsimmons & Victor J Callan, 2022, "Managing gender diversity and board dynamics: The role of male chairpersons of large listed firms," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, volume 47, issue 3, pages 454-473, August, DOI: 10.1177/03128962211066536.
- Lisa Bruttel & Werner Güth & Juri Nithammer & Andreas Orland, 2022, "Inefficient Cooperation Under Stochastic and Strategic Uncertainty," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), volume 66, issue 4-5, pages 755-782, May, DOI: 10.1177/00220027211066614.
- Klaus Desmet & Ignacio Ortuño-Ortín & Ömer Özak, 2022, "Is Secessionism Mostly About Income or Identity? A Global Analysis of 3,003 Subnational Regions," Departmental Working Papers, Southern Methodist University, Department of Economics, number 2203, Aug.
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