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How can distance learning offer opportunities for developing countries? Case of Turkey and Kazakhstan

Author

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  • Mustafa Sami Mencet

    (Akdeniz University, Turkey)

  • Riza Gabdyssalyk

    (D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University, Kazakhstan)

Abstract

Many scientific studies highlight emergency distance education's two fundamental problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. The first is the large number of students who need more access to communication technologies, and the second is the digital incompetence of educators and students. This study, which was prepared by Turkish and Kazakh academics working within the scope of the Bolashak scholarship program, aims to question the cooperation potentials for the development of distance education, which will become more critical in the future, and to propose policies to solve the main problems in the pandemic. In this context, the issues in Turkey and Kazakhstan during the pandemic were collected and generalised. SWOT analyses were conducted for the potential of cooperation between the two countries and both countries' exchange/internship programs. The findings show that both countries have intense distance education experiences, cooperation potential, and sufficient opportunities to strengthen weak elements by developing mobility and scholarship programs. Several strategies are suggested for these improvements. These recommendations provide a perspective for these two countries and all countries continuing distance education after the pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Mustafa Sami Mencet & Riza Gabdyssalyk, 2023. "How can distance learning offer opportunities for developing countries? Case of Turkey and Kazakhstan," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 10(3), pages 231-253, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:ssi:jouesi:v:10:y:2023:i:3:p:231-253
    DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(16)
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ethan Ilzetzki & Carmen M Reinhart & Kenneth S Rogoff, 2019. "Exchange Arrangements Entering the Twenty-First Century: Which Anchor will Hold?," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 134(2), pages 599-646.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    pandemic; distance education; digital education; international cooperation; Turkey; Kazakhstan;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • O19 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations
    • O53 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Asia including Middle East
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries

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