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The Role of Conflict in Sex Discrimination: The Case of Missing Girls

Author

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  • Astghik Mavisakalyan
  • Anna Minasyan

Abstract

Conflicts between ethnic groups can threaten group survival and exacerbate son preference in conformity with the traditional role of men as group defenders. We study the impact of the Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict over the Nagorno-Karabakh region on the subnational variation of sex ratios among children in Armenia that has one of the world’s highest sex ratios at birth. Difference-in-differences analysis shows that communities closer to the conflict region have higher sex ratio among children relative to the communities farther away. The findings from household surveys show that fear of war is associated with a stronger son preference at the individual level.

Suggested Citation

  • Astghik Mavisakalyan & Anna Minasyan, 2023. "The Role of Conflict in Sex Discrimination: The Case of Missing Girls," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 71(2), pages 443-484.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucp:ecdecc:doi:10.1086/716101
    DOI: 10.1086/716101
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    Cited by:

    1. Singh, Risha & Goli, Srinivas & Singh, Abhra, 2022. "Armed conflicts and girl child marriages: A global evidence," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    2. Aditi Dimri & Véronique Gille & Philipp Ketz, 2024. "Measuring sex-selective abortion: How many women abort?," PSE-Ecole d'économie de Paris (Postprint) hal-04671748, HAL.
    3. Klasen, Stephan, 2020. "From ‘MeToo’ to Boko Haram: A survey of levels and trends of gender inequality in the world," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    4. Bhat, Bilal Ahmad & Chatterjee, Esha & Thakur, Sounak, 2025. "Fertility outcomes and parental well-being in later life: Evidence from India," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    5. Laura Rodríguez, 2022. "Violence and newborn health: Estimates for Colombia," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(1), pages 112-136, January.
    6. Dimri, Aditi & Gille, Véronique & Ketz, Philipp, 2024. "Measuring sex-selective abortion: How many women abort?," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    7. Aditi Dimri & Véronique Gille & Philipp Ketz, 2024. "Measuring sex-selective abortion: How many women abort?," Post-Print hal-04671748, HAL.
    8. Davis, Lewis & Mavisakalyan, Astghik & Weber, Clas, 2024. "Gendered language and gendered violence," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(4), pages 755-772.
    9. Mavisakalyan, Astghik & Otrachshenko, Vladimir & Popova, Olga, 2024. "Natural Disasters and Acceptance of Intimate Partner Violence: The Global Evidence," IZA Discussion Papers 17172, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. Orsola Torrisi, 2020. "Armed Conflict and the Timing of Childbearing in Azerbaijan," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 46(3), pages 501-556, September.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D74 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances; Revolutions
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration

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