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Speculative Behaviour, Regime-Switching, and Stock Market Crashes

Author

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  • Simon van Norden

    (Bank of Canada)

  • Huntley Schaller

    (Carleton University)

  • )

Abstract

This paper explores two very different models which might account for stock market crashes. A key innovative feature of our paper is that we use the models to show how their implications for stock market crashes may be tested using switching-regression econometrics. We are careful to show that our switching regressions reveal new patterns in the data which go well beyond known stylized facts (such as time-varying volatility, the leverage effect, and mean reversion.) We refer to the first model, which is based on historical accounts of "manias and panics," as a model of speculative behaviour; its key features are that "overvaluation" increases the probability and expected size of a stock market crash. We refer to the second model, in which there are regime switches in epxected dividend growth rates, as a model of switching fundamentals. Our results suggest that both speculative behaviour and news about fundamentals may be needed to explain stock market crashes.

Suggested Citation

  • Simon van Norden & Huntley Schaller & ), 1995. "Speculative Behaviour, Regime-Switching, and Stock Market Crashes," Econometrics 9502003, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:wpa:wuwpem:9502003
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    Cited by:

    1. Isabelle Weberpals, 1997. "The Liquidity Trap: Evidence from Japan," Staff Working Papers 97-4, Bank of Canada.
    2. Gordon W. Crawford & Michael C. Fratantoni, 2003. "Assessing the Forecasting Performance of Regime‐Switching, ARIMA and GARCH Models of House Prices," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 31(2), pages 223-243, June.
    3. KevinJ. Lansing, 2010. "Rational and Near-Rational Bubbles Without Drift," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 120(549), pages 1149-1174, December.
    4. Carlos Cañizares Martínez, 2023. "Leaning against housing booms fueled by credit," Working Paper series 23-04, Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis.
    5. Ryan Lemand, 2003. "The Contagion Effect Between the Volatilities of the NASDAQ-100 and the IT.CA :A Univariate and A Bivariate Switching Approach," Econometrics 0307002, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 07 Dec 2020.
    6. Keith Anderson & Chris Brooks & Sotiris Tsolacos, 2009. "Testing for periodically collapsing rational speculative bubbles in US REITs," ICMA Centre Discussion Papers in Finance icma-dp2009-11, Henley Business School, University of Reading.
    7. Nick Chamie & Alain DeSerres & René Lalonde, "undated". "Optimum Currency Areas and Shock Asymmetry: A Comparison of Europe and the United States," Staff Working Papers 94-1, Bank of Canada.
    8. Daniel Racette & Jacques Raynauld & Christian Sigouin, "undated". "An Up-to-Date and Improved BVAR Model of the Canadian Economy," Staff Working Papers 94-4, Bank of Canada.
    9. McMillan, David G., 2009. "Revisiting dividend yield dynamics and returns predictability: Evidence from a time-varying ESTR model," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(3), pages 870-883, August.
    10. Robert Vigfusson & Simon van Norden, 1996. "Avoiding the Pitfalls: Can Regime-Switching Tests Detect Bubbles?," Staff Working Papers 96-11, Bank of Canada.
    11. Nathan S. Balke & Mark E. Wohar, 2009. "Market fundamentals versus rational bubbles in stock prices: a Bayesian perspective," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 24(1), pages 35-75.
    12. Ryan Lemand, 2003. "New Technology Stock Market Indexes Contagion: A VAR-dccMVGARCH Approach," Econometrics 0307003, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 07 Dec 2020.
    13. Simon van Norden & Huntley Schaller, 2002. "Fads or bubbles?," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 27(2), pages 335-362.
    14. Sandeep Patel & Asani Sarkar, 1998. "Stock market crises in developed and emerging markets," Research Paper 9809, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    15. van Norden, Simon, 1996. "Regime Switching as a Test for Exchange Rate Bubbles," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 11(3), pages 219-251, May-June.
    16. Chris Brooks & Apostolos Katsaris, 2002. "Forecasting the Collapse of Speculative Bubbles: An Empirical Investigation of the S&P 500 Composite Index," ICMA Centre Discussion Papers in Finance icma-dp2002-04, Henley Business School, University of Reading.
    17. Vansteenkiste, Isabel, 2017. "Did the crisis permanently scar the Portuguese labour market? Evidence from a Markov-switching Beveridge curve analysis," Working Paper Series 2043, European Central Bank.
    18. Vansteenkiste, Isabel, 2011. "What is driving oil futures prices? Fundamentals versus speculation," Working Paper Series 1371, European Central Bank.
    19. Lof, Matthijs, 2010. "Heterogeneity in Stock Pricing: A STAR Model with Multivariate Transition Functions," MPRA Paper 30520, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    20. Nick Chamie & Alain DeSerres & Rene Lalonde, 1994. "Optimum Currency Areas and Shock Asymmetry A Comparison of Europe and the United States," International Finance 9406001, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 19 Aug 1994.
    21. Barry Cozier & Greg Tkacz, "undated". "The Term Structure and Real Activity in Canada," Staff Working Papers 94-3, Bank of Canada.
    22. Ryan Lemand, 2003. "Should Stock Market Indexes Time Varying Correlations Be Taken Into Account? A Conditional Variance Multivariate Approach," Econometrics 0307004, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 07 Dec 2020.
    23. Chris Brooks & Apostolos Katsaris, 2002. "A Three-Regime Model of Speculative Behaviour: Modelling the Evolution of Bubbles in the S&P 500 Composite Index," ICMA Centre Discussion Papers in Finance icma-dp2002-14, Henley Business School, University of Reading.

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