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An Econometric Evaluation of Bank Recapitalization Programs with Bank- and Loan-level Data

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  • Nakashima, Kiyotaka

Abstract

Public capital injections into the banking system are a comprehensive policy program aimed at reducing the financial risks faced by capital-injected banks, thereby stimulating their lending and profitability. This paper evaluates empirically two large-scale bank capital injections in Japan in 1998 and 1999. We begin by extracting the treatment effects of the public injections using bank-level panel data. Using a difference-in-difference estimator in two-way fixed-effects regression models, we find that the public injections significantly reduced the financial risks faced by the capital-injected banks, but did not stimulate their lending and profitability. Next, we investigate the factors that impeded bank lending following the capital injections using a matched sample of Japanese banks and their borrowers. By employing three-way fixed-effects regression models corresponding to the matched sample, we provide evidence that the deterioration of borrower creditworthiness inhibited not only the capital-injected banks, but also other banks, from lending more.

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  • Nakashima, Kiyotaka, 2015. "An Econometric Evaluation of Bank Recapitalization Programs with Bank- and Loan-level Data," MPRA Paper 70704, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:70704
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    Cited by:

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    2. Inoue, Hitoshi & Nakashima, Kiyotaka & Takahashi, Koji, 2018. "The Emergence of A Parallel World: The Misperception Problem for Bank Balance Sheet Risk and Lending Behavior," MPRA Paper 89088, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    4. Nakashima, Kiyotaka & Takahashi, Koji, 2018. "The real effects of bank-driven termination of relationships: Evidence from loan-level matched data," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 46-65.
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    7. Styliani Belli & Constantina Backinezos, 2016. "The transition to the new methodology for the compilation of balance of payments statistics – BPM6," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 43, pages 19-29, July.
    8. NAKASHIMA, KIYOTAKA & Ogawa, Toshiaki, 2021. "The Impacts of Strengthening Regulatory Surveillance on Bank Behavior: A Dynamic Analysis from Incomplete to Complete Enforcement of Capital Regulation in Microprudential Policy," MPRA Paper 109147, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    10. Kiyotaka Nakashima & Masahiko Shibamoto & Koji Takahashi, 2017. "Risk-Taking Channel of Unconventional Monetary Policies in Bank Lending," Discussion Paper Series DP2017-24, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe University, revised Apr 2019.
    11. Liu, Shiyu & Wang, Bo & Zhang, Qianqian, 2024. "Fintech regulation and bank liquidity creation: Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    public capital injection; treatment effect; capital crunch; default risk; difference-in-difference estimator; three-way fixed-effects model.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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