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Regulatory Arbitrage in the Repo Market

Author

Listed:
  • Benjamin Munyan

    (Office of Financial Research
    Vanderbilt University)

Abstract

Non-U.S. banks with relatively low capital ratios appear to temporarily remove an average of $170 billion from the U.S. market for tri-party repurchase agreements (repo) before each quarter-end in order to appear safer and less levered. This amount is more than double the $76 billion market-wide drop in tri-party repo during the turmoil of the 2008 financial crisis and represents about 10% of the entire tri-party repo market. Such window dressing-induced deleveraging spills over into agency bond markets and money market funds and affects market liquidity each quarter.

Suggested Citation

  • Benjamin Munyan, 2015. "Regulatory Arbitrage in the Repo Market," Working Papers 15-22, Office of Financial Research, US Department of the Treasury.
    • Handle: RePEc:ofr:wpaper:15-22
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    File URL: https://www.financialresearch.gov/working-papers/files/OFRwp-2015-22_Repo-Arbitrage.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Ron Alquist & Karlye Dilts Stedman & R. Jay Kahn, 2022. "Foreign Reserve Management and U.S. Money Market Liquidity: A Cost of Exorbitant Privilege," Research Working Paper RWP 22-08, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City.
    3. Mayu Kikuchi & Alfred Wong & Jiayue Zhang, 2019. "Risk of window dressing: quarter-end spikes in the Japanese yen Libor-OIS spread," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 149-166, December.
    4. Bicu-Lieb, Andreea & Chen, Louisa & Elliott, David, 2020. "The leverage ratio and liquidity in the gilt and gilt repo markets," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 48(C).
    5. van Horen, Neeltje & Kotidis, Antonios, 2018. "Repo market functioning: The role of capital regulation," CEPR Discussion Papers 13090, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    6. Allahrakha, Meraj & Cetina, Jill & Munyan, Benjamin, 2018. "Do higher capital standards always reduce bank risk? The impact of the Basel leverage ratio on the U.S. triparty repo market," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 3-16.
    7. Han, Song & Nikolaou, Kleopatra & Tase, Manjola, 2022. "Trading relationships in secured markets: Evidence from triparty repos," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    8. Office of Financial Research (ed.), 2016. "2016 Financial Stability Report," Reports, Office of Financial Research, US Department of the Treasury, number 16-3.
    9. Patrick Schaffner & Angelo Ranaldo & Kostas Tsatsaronis, 2019. "Euro repo market functioning: collateral is king," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, December.
    10. Ranaldo, Angelo & Schaffner, Patrick & Vasios, Michalis, 2021. "Regulatory effects on short-term interest rates," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(2), pages 750-770.
    11. William Arrata & Benoit Nguyen & Imene Rahmouni-Rousseau & Miklos Vari, 2018. "The Scarcity Effect of Quantitative Easing on Repo Rates: Evidence from the Euro Area," IMF Working Papers 2018/258, International Monetary Fund.
    12. Coste, Charles-Enguerrand & Tcheng, Céline & Vansieleghem, Ingmar, 2021. "One size fits some: analysing profitability, capital and liquidity constraints of custodian banks through the lens of the SREP methodology," Occasional Paper Series 256, European Central Bank.
    13. Arrata, William & Nguyen, Benoît & Rahmouni-Rousseau, Imène & Vari, Miklos, 2020. "The scarcity effect of QE on repo rates: Evidence from the euro area," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(3), pages 837-856.
    14. Banegas, Ayelen & Tase, Manjola, 2020. "Reserve balances, the federal funds market and arbitrage in the new regulatory framework," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    15. Thomas Keating & Marco Macchiavelli, 2017. "Interest on Reserves and Arbitrage in Post-Crisis Money Markets," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2017-124, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    16. Luis Garcia & Ulf Lewrick & Taja Sečnik, 2021. "Is window dressing by banks systemically important?," BIS Working Papers 960, Bank for International Settlements.

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