Research classified by Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes
Top JEL
/ G: Financial Economics
/ / G2: Financial Institutions and Services
/ / / G21: Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
2013
- Hott, Christian, 2013, "A model of mortgage losses and its applications for macroprudential instruments," Discussion Papers, Deutsche Bundesbank, number 34/2013.
- Chaffai, Mohamed & Dietsch, Michel, 2013, "Modelling and measuring business risk and the resiliency of retail banks," Discussion Papers, Deutsche Bundesbank, number 35/2013.
- Hilberg, Björn & Hollmayr, Josef, 2013, "Asset prices, collateral, and unconventional monetary policy in a DSGE model," Discussion Papers, Deutsche Bundesbank, number 36/2013.
- Dinger, Valeriya & Craig, Ben, 2013, "Uncertainty and bank wholesale funding," Discussion Papers, Deutsche Bundesbank, number 39/2013.
- Abbassi, Puriya & Fecht, Falko & Weber, Patrick, 2013, "How stressed are banks in the interbank market?," Discussion Papers, Deutsche Bundesbank, number 40/2013.
- Buch, Claudia M. & Neugebauer, Katja & Schröder, Christoph, 2013, "Changing forces of gravity: How the crisis affected international banking," Discussion Papers, Deutsche Bundesbank, number 48/2013.
- Jahn, Nadya & Memmel, Christoph & Pfingsten, Andreas, 2013, "Banks' concentration versus diversification in the loan portfolio: New evidence from Germany," Discussion Papers, Deutsche Bundesbank, number 53/2013.
- Craig, Ben R. & Fecht, Falko & Tümer-Alkan, Günseli, 2013, "The role of interbank relationships and liquidity needs," Discussion Papers, Deutsche Bundesbank, number 54/2013.
- Ruprecht, Benedikt & Entrop, Oliver & Kick, Thomas & Wilkens, Marco, 2013, "Market timing, maturity mismatch, and risk management: Evidence from the banking industry," Discussion Papers, Deutsche Bundesbank, number 56/2013.
- Galema, Rients & Koetter, Michael & Liesegang, Caroline, 2013, "Cost leadership and bank internationalization," Discussion Papers, Deutsche Bundesbank, number 57/2013.
- Trapp, Monika & Wewel, Claudio, 2013, "Transatlantic systemic risk," CFR Working Papers, University of Cologne, Centre for Financial Research (CFR), number 12-10 [rev.].
- Goldbach, Stefan & Nitsch, Volker, 2013, "Extra credit: Bank finance and firm export status in Germany," Darmstadt Discussion Papers in Economics, Darmstadt University of Technology, Department of Law and Economics, number 218.
- Kalemli-Ozcan, Sebnem & Papaioannou, Elias & Peydró, José-Luis, 2013, "Financial regulation, financial globalization, and the synchronization of economic activity," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, volume 68, issue 3, pages 1179-1228.
- Hartarska, Valentina & Shen, Xuan & Mersland, Roy, 2013, "Scale economies and input price elasticities in microfinance institutions," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, volume 37, issue 1, pages 118-131.
- Hartarska, Valentina & Mersland, Roy & Nadolnyak, Denis & Parmeter, Christopher, 2013, "Governance and scope economies in microfinance institutions," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, volume 4, issue 1, pages 74-96.
- Chen, Pu & Semmler, Willi, 2013, "Financial stress, regime switching and macrodynamics: Theory and empirics for the US, EU and non-EU countries," Economics Discussion Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 2013-24.
- Erlingsson, Einar Jon & Cincotti, Silvano & Stefansson, Hlynur & Sturlusson, Jon Thor & Teglio, Andrea & Raberto, Marco, 2013, "Housing market bubbles and business cycles in an agent-based credit economy," Economics Discussion Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 2013-32.
- Wäckerle, Manuel, 2013, "On the bottom-up foundations of the banking-macro nexus," Economics Discussion Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 2013-5.
- Kaldasch, Joachim, 2013, "Evolutionary model of the bank size distribution," Economics Discussion Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 2013-55.
- Shrestha, Prakash Kumar, 2013, "Banking Ssystems, central banks and international reserve accumulation in East Asian economies," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy, volume 7, pages 1-29, DOI: 10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2013-.
- Bargigli, Leonardo & Gallegati, Mauro, 2013, "Finding communities in credit networks," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy, volume 7, pages 1-39, DOI: 10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2013-.
- Wäckerle, Manuel, 2013, "On the bottom-up foundations of the banking-macro nexus," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy, volume 7, pages 1-45, DOI: 10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2013-.
- Milne, Alistair, 2013, "Register, cap and trade: A proposal for containing systemic liquidy risk," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy, volume 7, pages 1-31, DOI: 10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2013-.
- Fricke, Daniel & Lux, Thomas, 2013, "On the distribution of links in the interbank network: Evidence from the e-mid overnight money market," Kiel Working Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 1819.
- Montagna, Mattia & Lux, Thomas, 2013, "Hubs and resilience: Towards more realistic models of the interbank markets," Kiel Working Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 1826.
- Fricke, Daniel & Finger, Karl & Lux, Thomas, 2013, "On assortative and disassortative mixing in scale-free networks: The case of interbank credit networks," Kiel Working Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 1830.
- Montagna, Mattia & Kok, Christoffer, 2013, "Multi-layered interbank model for assessing systemic risk," Kiel Working Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 1873.
- Kislat, Carmen & Menkhoff, Lukas & Neuberger, Doris, 2013, "The use of collateral in formal and informal lending," Kiel Working Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 1879.
- Tröger, Tobias, 2013, "Konzernverantwortung in der aufsichtsunterworfenen Finanzbranche," IMFS Working Paper Series, Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute for Monetary and Financial Stability (IMFS), number 69.
- Tröger, Tobias, 2013, "The Single Supervisory Mechanism - Panacea or Quack Banking Regulation? Preliminary assessment of the evolving regime for the prudential supervision of banks with ECB involvement," IMFS Working Paper Series, Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute for Monetary and Financial Stability (IMFS), number 73.
- Bremus, Franziska & Buch, Claudia M., 2013, "Granularity in Banking and Growth: Does Financial Openness Matter?," IWH Discussion Papers, Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH), number 14/2013.
- Buch, Claudia M. & Neugebauer, Katja & Schröder, Christoph, 2013, "Changing Forces of Gravity: How the Crisis Affected International Banking," IWH Discussion Papers, Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH), number 15/2013.
- Schuster, Thomas & Kövener, Felix & Matthes, Jürgen, 2013, "New bank equity capital rules in the European Union: A critical evaluation," IW policy papers, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute, number 6/2013.
- Kraus, Daniel, 2013, "On the existence of credit rationing and screening with loan size in competitive markets with imperfect information," Thuenen-Series of Applied Economic Theory, University of Rostock, Institute of Economics, number 131.
- Kraus, Daniel, 2013, "Does borrowers' impatience disclose their hidden information about default risk?," Thuenen-Series of Applied Economic Theory, University of Rostock, Institute of Economics, number 132.
- Belke, Ansgar, 2013, "Finance Access of SMEs: What Role for the ECB?," Ruhr Economic Papers, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen, number 430, DOI: 10.4419/86788486.
- Körner, Tobias & Müller, Oliver & Paul, Stephan & Schmidt, Christoph M., 2013, "Supervisory Board Qualification of German Banks - Legal Standards and Survey Evidence," Ruhr Economic Papers, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen, number 436, DOI: 10.4419/86788493.
- Körner, Tobias & Schnabel, Isabel, 2013, "Abolishing Public Guarantees in the Absence of Market Discipline," Ruhr Economic Papers, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen, number 437, DOI: 10.4419/86788494.
- Eisert, Tim & Eufinger, Christian, 2014, "Interbank network and bank bailouts: Insurance mechanism for non-insured creditors?," SAFE Working Paper Series, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, number 10, revised 2014, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2231984.
- Gropp, Reint E. & Gruendl, Christian & Guettler, Andre, 2013, "Hidden gems and borrowers with dirty little secrets: Investment in soft information, borrower self-selection and competition," SAFE Working Paper Series, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, number 19, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2287866.
- Tröger, Tobias H., 2013, "The single supervisory mechanism - Panacea of quack banking regulation? Preliminary assessment of the evolving regime for the prudential supervision of banks with ECB involvement," SAFE Working Paper Series, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, number 27, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2311353.
- Bursian, Dirk & Fürth, Sven, 2013, "Trust me! I am a European Central Banker," SAFE Working Paper Series, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, number 31, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2320447.
- Hett, Florian & Schmidt, Alexander, 2016, "Bank rescues and bailout expectations: The erosion of market discipline during the financial crisis," SAFE Working Paper Series, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, number 36, revised 2016, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2365686.
- Radev, Deyan, 2013, "Systemic risk and sovereign debt in the Euro area," SAFE Working Paper Series, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, number 37, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2368283.
- Lambert, Claudia & Noth, Felix & Schüwer, Ulrich, 2014, "How do insured deposits affect bank risk? Evidence from the 2008 Emergency Economic Stabilization Act," SAFE Working Paper Series, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, number 38, revised 2014, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2369236.
- Damar, H. Evren & Gropp, Reint E. & Mordel, Adi, 2014, "Banks' financial distress, lending supply and consumption expenditure," SAFE Working Paper Series, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, number 39, revised 2014, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2375103.
- Eufinger, Christian & Gill, Andrej, 2013, "Basel III and CEO compensation in banks: Pay structures as a regulatory signal," SAFE Working Paper Series, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, number 9, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2231964.
- Adam, Tim R. & Streitz, Daniel, 2013, "Bank lending relationships and the use of performance-sensitive debt," SFB 649 Discussion Papers, Humboldt University Berlin, Collaborative Research Center 649: Economic Risk, number 2013-027.
- Pausch, Thilo, 2013, "Risk Sensitivity of Banks, Interbank Markets and the Effects of Liquidity Regulation," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79702.
- Fecht, Falko & Eder, Armin & Pausch, Thilo, 2013, "Banks, Markets, and Financial Stability," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79712.
- Ruprecht, Benedikt & Entrop, Oliver & Kick, Thomas & Wilkens, Marco, 2013, "Market Timing, Maturity Mismatch, and Risk Management: Evidence from the Banking Industry," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79733.
- Kislat, Carmen & Menkhoff, Lukas & Neuberger, Doris, 2013, "The use of collateral in formal and informal lending," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79765.
- Maier, Ulf & Haufler, Andreas, 2013, "Regulatory competition in credit markets with capital standards as signals," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79769.
- Bucher, Monika & Dietrich, Diemo & Hauck, Achim, 2013, "Implications of Bank Regulation for Credit Intermediation and Bank Stability: A Dynamic Perspective," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79792.
- Stowasser, Till & Englmaier, Florian, 2013, "Electoral cycles in savings bank lending," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79897.
- Kellermann, Kersten & Schlag, Carsten, 2013, "Occupy Risk Weighting: How the Minimum Leverage Ratio dominates Capital Requirements - A Swiss Example," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79901.
- Kick, Thomas & Prieto, Esteban, 2013, "Bank Risk Taking and Competition: Evidence from Regional Banking Markets," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79919.
- Korte, Josef, 2013, "Catharsis - The Real Effects of Bank Insolvency and Resolution," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79938.
- Winkler, Adalbert & Wagner, Charlotte, 2013, "Growth patterns of microfinance clients - Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79945.
- Schlegel, Friederike & Hakenes, Hendrik, 2013, "Model Risk - an Agency Theoretic Approach," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79954.
- Hott, Christian, 2013, "Leverage and Risk Taking under Moral Hazard," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79960.
- Hakenes, Hendrik & Schnabel, Isabel, 2013, "Regulatory Capture by Sophistication," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 79991.
- Uhde, Andre & Farruggio, Christian & Michalak, Tobias C., 2013, "The light and dark side of TARP," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 80004.
- Frey, Rainer & Düwel, Cornelia, 2013, "Competition between foreign affiliates: Multinational banks internal funding in the crisis," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 80013.
- Karmann, Alexander & Bühn, Andreas & Pedrotti, Marco, 2013, "What determines the interest margin? An analysis of the German banking system," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 80029.
- Bremus, Franziska & Buch, Claudia M. & Russ, Katheryn N. & Schnitzer, Monika, 2013, "Big Banks and Macroeconomic Outcomes: Theory and Cross-Country Evidence of Granularity," VfS Annual Conference 2013 (Duesseldorf): Competition Policy and Regulation in a Global Economic Order, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 80048.
- Auboin, Marc & Engemann, Martina, 2013, "Trade finance in periods of crisis: What have we learned in recent years?," WTO Staff Working Papers, World Trade Organization (WTO), Economic Research and Statistics Division, number ERSD-2013-01, DOI: 10.30875/4671c912-en.
- Höwer, Daniel, 2013, "Corporate main bank decision," ZEW Discussion Papers, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, number 13-018.
- Francesco Aiello & Graziella Bonanno, 2013, "Profit and cost efficiency in the Italian banking industry (2006-2011)," Economics and Business Letters, Oviedo University Press, volume 2, issue 4, pages 190-205.
- Sudacevschi Mihaela, 2013, "Issues of Marketing Strategies in the Banking Industry," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 1018-1022, May.
- Busuioc Witowschi Irina Raluca, 2013, "Literature Review Regarding the Determinants of Banking Profitability," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 1130-1134, May.
- Chitan Gheorghe, 2013, "The Effects of Corporate Governance on the Net Interest Margin and the Solvency Ratio - Evidence from Romania," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 1151-1155, May.
- Ciurlãu Loredana, & Cãruntu Genu Alexandru, 2013, "Implementation of Modern Concepts of Control and Internal Audit in the Banking System," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 1166-1169, May.
- Dandara Daniela, 2013, "The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on the Romanian Banking System," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 1180-1184, May.
- Gust Marius, 2013, "Dynamics and Structure of Domestic Credit in Romania," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 1279-1283, May.
- Botiº Sorina, 2013, "Aspects of International Banking Globalization," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 13-18, May.
- Avadanei Anamaria & Tomuleasa Ioana-Iuliana, 2013, "Coordinates of a New European Banking Model," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 132-137, May.
- Munteanu Irena & Pitu Mirela, 2013, "The Transmission Mechanism of the Interest Rates from the Inter-banking Monetary Market to the Loan Market in Romania," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 1384-1388, May.
- Munteanu Irena & Piti Georgiana & Ratea Mihaela, 2013, "Concentration and Competition in the Romanian Banking System," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 1389-1393, May.
- Percic Stanislav & Apostoaie Constantin-Marius, 2013, "Empirical Evidence of a New Trilemma," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 1426-1431, May.
- Bucur Iulia Andreea, 2013, "On the Economic Development of Romania as a Member of EU in the Frame of the Global Economic Crisis," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 152-157, May.
- Tofãnicã Ramona-Ionela, 2013, "Profitability of the Banking System in Romania," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 1529-1532, May.
- Herghiligiu Roxana, 2013, "Operational Risk Disclosures in Hungarian Commercial Banks," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 200-204, May.
- Ilu? Bogdan, 2013, "European Banking Integration in the Aftermath of the Global Crisis: the Case of the New EU Member Countries," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 205-210, May.
- Roman Angela & ?argu Alina Camelia, 2013, "Evolutions and Trends in the European Microfinance Market," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 265-270, May.
- Dinculescu Elena – Silvia & Vîlcu Anca, 2013, "The Trends in Banking Management of Romania," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 763-767, May.
- Dobre Claudia, 2013, "Concentration of the Banking MarketAbstract:First, in this study we try to test whether the Structure - Conduct - Performance Paradigm holds by investigating the relationship between concentration and banking system performance in Romania. We find th," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 2, pages 106-111, May.
- Balaceanu Valeria Arina & Sisea Dana - Gabriela, 2013, "Directions and Ways of Improving the Quality Assurance System Banking in RomaniaAbstract:Increasing the competitiveness of organizations by promoting quality, is a specific and constant concern of the European Union, thus creating, legislative and in," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 2, pages 365-369, May.
- Sisea Dana - Gabriela & Balaceanu Valeria Arina, 2013, "Opinions Concerning the Regulation of the Banking System in RomaniaAbstract:Rigorous and effective regulation is one of the defining features of banking activity. Analyzed from a historical perspective, the fundamental requirement is recovered in the," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 2, pages 505-508, May.
- Sudacevschi Mihaela, 2013, "Operational Risk Management in Banking IndustryAbstract:In current activity, banks facing with a large range of risks related to credit operations and commercial activity, which may generate profit mitigation or even losses. One of these risks is the," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 2, pages 514-519, May.
- Dobre Elena & Petrascu Daniela, 2013, "Fair Value Measurement Of Financial Instruments in Accounting Banking SystemAbstract:Financial instruments in any banking activity are obvious necessary and represented anytime an efficient way to control risks. Nowadays, attention is focused on fair," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 2, pages 569-573, May.
- Georgescu Cristina Elena, 2013, "Some Aspects of Measuring Transaction Costs in the BCR-GroupAbstract:In the new institutional economy, the concept of transaction costs takes a pivotal seat in the institutions’ economic analysis. We shall begin the analysis of transaction cost by pr," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 2, pages 583-588, May.
- Ghita-Mitrescu Silvia & Moraru Andreea-Daniela & Duhnea Cristina, 2013, "Possible Motivations for the Romanian Banking System to Intensify the Use of Financial DerivativesAbstract:The involvement of commercial banks in transactions with financial derivatives is one of the most controversial topics of the moment. This pape," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 2, pages 589-593, May.
- Sãveanu Cristina & Tofãnicã Ramona-Ionela, 2013, "Specific Features of Bank Financing for Companies in Restructuring ProceduresAbstract:In the context of the restructuring process, the rapid responsiveness of companies to adapt to the requirements and conditions of the economic environment becomes e," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 2, pages 697-702, May.
- H Peyton Young & Paul Glasserman, 2013, "How Likely is Contagion in Financial Networks?," Economics Series Working Papers, University of Oxford, Department of Economics, number 642, Feb.
- David Hou Author-Name: David Skeie, 2013, "LIBOR: origins, economics, crisis, scandal and reform," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, Palgrave Macmillan, chapter 1, in: Steven N. Durlauf & Lawrence E. Blume.
- Jan Willem van den End & Mark Kruidhof, 2013, "Modelling the liquidity ratio as macroprudential instrument," Journal of Banking Regulation, Palgrave Macmillan, volume 14, issue 2, pages 91-106, April.
- Jessica Schicks, 2013, "From a Supply Gap to a Demand Gap? The Risk and Consequences of Over-indebting the Underbanked," Palgrave Macmillan Books, Palgrave Macmillan, chapter 8, in: Jean-Pierre Gueyie & Ronny Manos & Jacob Yaron, "Microfinance in Developing Countries", DOI: 10.1057/9781137301925_8.
- Guillermo Jopen Sánchez, 2013, "Poder de mercado, intermediación financiera y banca: un enfoque de organización industrial," Revista Economía, Fondo Editorial - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, volume 36, issue 71, pages 75-106.
- Giovanna Aguilar Andía, 2013, "Microfinanzas y crecimiento regional en el Perú," Revista Economía, Fondo Editorial - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, volume 36, issue 72, pages 143-173.
- Giovanna Aguilar & Jhonatan Claussen, 2013, "Social Efficiency in Peruvian Microfinance Institutions: a semi-parametric approach," Documentos de Trabajo / Working Papers, Departamento de Economía - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, number 2013-358.
- Nargiza Alimukhamedova, 2013, "Contribution of microfinance to economic growth: Transmission channel and the ways to test it," Business and Economic Horizons (BEH), Prague Development Center, volume 9, issue 4, pages 27-43, December.
- Olga Zaslavska, 2013, "Credit And Investment Activities Of Commercial Banks In Ukraine," Perspectives of Innovation in Economics and Business (PIEB), Prague Development Center, volume 13, issue 1, pages 26-32, February.
- Sherrill Shaffer & Tatyana Sokolyk, 2013, "Bank Loans to Newly Public Firms," Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance, Pepperdine University, Graziadio School of Business and Management, volume 16, issue 2, pages 33-56, Spring.
- Pawel Galinski, 2013, "Activity Of Microfinance Institutions In The Period Of The Global Financial Crisis," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, volume 8, issue 1, pages 91-105, March, DOI: 10.12775/EQUIL.2013.006.
- Julian Llorent & Maria del Carmen Melgar & Jose Antonio Ordaz & Flor María Guerrero, 2013, "Stress Tests And Liquidity Crisis In The Banking System," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, volume 8, issue 2, pages 31-43, June, DOI: 10.12775/EQUIL.2013.010.
- Justyna Klobukowska, 2013, "Microfinance In Europe," Oeconomia Copernicana, Institute of Economic Research, volume 4, issue 2, pages 133-145, June, DOI: 10.12775/OeC.2013.017.
- Ilja Arefjevs & Tatjana Volkova & Marija Lindemane, 2013, "Defining The Market Potential By Assessing Growth And Saturation In The Private Life And Pensions Industry," Oeconomia Copernicana, Institute of Economic Research, volume 4, issue 4, pages 19-44, December, DOI: 10.12775/OeC.2013.029.
- Alin Isac, 2013, "Use of Mobile Technology in Banking Services," Annals of the University of Petrosani, Economics, University of Petrosani, Romania, volume 13, issue 2, pages 109-116.
- Mirela Monea, 2013, "Performances of the Romanian Insurance Market," Annals of the University of Petrosani, Economics, University of Petrosani, Romania, volume 13, issue 2, pages 141-148.
- Bánfi, Tamás & Bánfi, Attila & Bánfi, Zoltán, 2013, "Europe, Time to Wake Up! : Change of monetary policy instruments — reduction of public debt (interest burdens), system of fiscal and monetary objectives — central bank independence," Public Finance Quarterly, Corvinus University of Budapest, volume 58, issue 2, pages 219-229.
- Giday, András, 2013, "Indebtedness in Central and Eastern Europe – Eight years of new EU members," Public Finance Quarterly, Corvinus University of Budapest, volume 58, issue 3, pages 271-292.
- Pitz, Mónika & Schepp, Zoltán, 2013, "Determinants of the Pricing of Bank Loans: a Structural VAR Based Analysis," Public Finance Quarterly, Corvinus University of Budapest, volume 58, issue 4, pages 420-433.
- Enrico Beretta & Silvia Del Prete, 2013, "Banking Consolidation and Bank-Firm Credit Relationships: the Role of Geographical Features and Relationship Characteristics," Review of Economics and Institutions, Università di Perugia, volume 4, issue 3.
- Christian Calmès & Raymond Théoret, 2013, "The change in banks' product mix, diversification and performance: An application of multivariate GARCH to Canadian data," RePAd Working Paper Series, Département des sciences administratives, UQO, number UQO-DSA-wp012013, Jan.
- Christian Calmès & Raymond Théoret, 2013, "Is the Canadian banking system really “stronger” than the U.S. one?," RePAd Working Paper Series, Département des sciences administratives, UQO, number UQO-DSA-wp022013, May.
- Ahmed, Saghir, 2013, "Determinants of operational risk and Microfinance Banks performance in Pakistan," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 108182, revised 2020.
- Awdeh, Ali & Salloum, Ahmad & El Hokayem, Elie, 2013, "Measuring the Degree of Competition in the Arab Banking Systems," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 119122.
- Awdeh, Ali, 2013, "Impact of financial deregulation on bank productivity: Evidence from a panel of Arab banks," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 119124.
- Abdul Rahim, Mohamad Syafiqe, 2013, "Penubuhan Jawatankuasa Syariah Bagi Institusi Perbankan Islam di Malaysia dan Isu Berkaitannya
[The Establishment of the Shariah Committee for Islamic Banking Institutions in Malaysia and Its Related Issues]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 123101, Feb. - Mirjalili, Seyed hossein, 2013, ""بررسی "به سوی بانکداری بدون بهره
[Review of Time Multiple Counter Loan Mechanism in the Interest-free Banking]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 126341, Mar, revised 21 Apr 2013. - Mirjalili, Seyed hossein, 2013, "عدم تقارن اطلاعات و نظارت در بانکداری ایران
[The Challenge of Information Asymmetry and Supervision in The Iranian Banking]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 126345, Feb, revised 28 Feb 2013. - Kleemann, Michael & Wiegand, Manuel, 2013, "The causal effect of restrictive bank lending on employment growth: A matching approach," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 43529, Jan.
- Delis, Manthos D & Staikouras, Panagiotis & Tsoumas, Chris, 2013, "Enforcement actions and bank behavior," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 43557, Jan.
- Hasan, Zubair, 2013, "A critique of the Diminishing Balance Method of Islamic home financing - Response," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 43684, Jan.
- Hasan, Zubair, 2013, "Response to Meera’s critique of the ZDBM," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 43747, Jan.
- Scopelliti, Alessandro Diego, 2013, "Off-balance sheet credit exposure and asset securitisation: what impact on bank credit supply?," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 43890, Jan.
- Janda, Karel & Zetek, Pavel, 2013, "Opportunities in microfinance risk management," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 43960, Jan.
- Guidara, Alaa & Lai, Van Son & Soumaré, Issouf & Tchana Tchana, Fulbert, 2013, "Banks’ Capital Buffer, Risk and Performance in the Canadian Banking System: Impact of Business Cycles and Regulatory Changes," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 44105, Jan.
- Körner, Finn Marten & Ehnts, Dirk H., 2013, "Chinese monetary policy – from theory to practice," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 44264, Feb.
- Aslamazishvili, Nana, 2013, "How innovative is Georgian economy?," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 44622, Jan, revised Feb 2013.
- Gammadigbé, Vigninou, 2013, "Nouvelles exigences en capital des banques de l'UEMOA, concentration bancaire et coût du crédit au Togo
[New capital requirements of WEAMU banks, banking concentration and cost of crédit in Togo]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 44633, Feb. - Ballinger, Clint, 2013, "Towards a pure state theory of money," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 45101, Mar.
- Han, Rui & Melecky, Martin, 2013, "Financial Inclusion for Stability: Access to Bank Deposits and the Deposit Growth during the Global Financial Crisis," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 45157, Mar.
- Jean-Bernard, Chatelain, 2013, "Book review: “The Challenge of Financial Stability: A New Model and its Applications” by Goodhart C.A.E. and Tsomocos D.P," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 45678, Mar.
- Ab-Rahim, Rossazana & Kadri, Norlina & Ismail, Farhana, 2013, "Efficiency performance of Malaysian Islamic banks," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 46238, Apr.
- Beltratti, Andrea & Paladino, Giovanna, 2013, "Why do banks optimize risk weights? The relevance of the cost of equity capital," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 46410, Apr.
- Huang, Pidong, 2013, "Suspension in a Global-Games version of the Diamond-Dybvig model," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 46622, Apr.
- Fidanoski, Filip & Mateska, Vesna & Simeonovski, Kiril, 2013, "Corporate Governance and Bank Performance: Evidence from Macedonia," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 46773, Feb, revised Mar 2013.
- Masciantonio, Sergio, 2013, "Identifying, ranking and tracking systemically important financial institutions (SIFIs), from a global, EU and Eurozone perspective," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 46788, Apr.
- Govori, Fadil, 2013, "The performance of commercial banks and the determinants of profitability: Evidence from Kosovo," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 46824, May.
- Cai, Jing, 2013, "The Impact of Insurance Provision on Households’ Production and Financial Decisions," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 46864, May.
- Afandi, Elvin & Habibov, Nazim, 2013, "Pre-Crisis and Post-Crisis Trust in Banks: Lessons from Transitional Countries," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 46999, Feb.
- Yamori, Nobuyoshi & Tomimura, Kei & Takaku, Kenya, 2013, "東海地域における中小企業の経営力強化のための 金融機関と自治体等の取り組みの現状と課題 ―中小企業アンケート調査の概要-
[How Do Financial Institutions and Regional Governments Address to Support and Strengthen Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in the Tokai Region? : A Survey Result]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 47030, May. - Xiao, Tim, 2013, "The Impact of Default Dependency and Collateralization on Asset Pricing and Credit Risk Modeling," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 47136, May.
- Govori, Arbiana, 2013, "Analysis of external factors affecting the development of SMEs in Kosovo," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 47230, Apr.
- Khemraj, Tarron & Primus, Keyra, 2013, "Testing for the Credit Crunch in Trinidad and Tobago Using an Alternative Method," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 47372, Jun.
- Sinha, Pankaj & Sharma, Sakshi & Sondhi, Kriti, 2013, "Market Valuation and Risk Assessment of Indian Banks using Black -Scholes -Merton Model," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 47442, Jun.
- Swamy, Vighneswara, 2013, "Banking System Resilience and Financial Stability," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 47512, May.
- Swamy, Vighneswara, 2013, "Determinants of Bank Asset Quality and Profitability - An Empirical Assessment," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 47513, Jan.
- Brancati, Emanuele, 2013, "Innovation activity and nancing constraints: evidence from Italy during the crises," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 47750, Jan.
- Asongu, Simplice A, 2013, "The ‘Knowledge Economy’-finance nexus in SSA and MENA countries," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 47801, Jan, revised 15 Jun 2013.
- Kazi, Abdul Kabeer & Mannan, Muhammad Adeel, 2013, "Factors affecting adoption of mobile banking in Pakistan: Empirical Evidence," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 47922, Apr.
- Allen, Franklin & Jackowicz, Krzysztof & Kowalewski, Oskar, 2013, "The effects of foreign and government ownership on bank lending behavior during a crisis in Central and Eastern Europe," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 48059, Jun.
- Ardizzi, Guerino, 2013, "Card versus cash: empirical evidence of the impact of payment card interchange fees on end users’ choice of payment methods," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 48088, May, revised 25 May 2013.
- Paul, Sohini, 2013, "The Credit-worthiness of a borrower and the selection process in Micro-finance: A case study from the urban slums of India," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 48116, May.
- Miele, Maria Grazia, 2013, "The effects of capital requirements on real economy: a cointegrated VAR approach for US commercial banks," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 48165, Jul.
- Alhassan, Abdul Latif & Owusu Brobbey, Freeman & Effah Asamoah, Michael, 2013, "Does Asset Quality Persist on Bank Lending Behaviour? Empirical Evidence from Ghana," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 48177, Feb.
- Commendatore, Pasquale & Michetti, Elisabetta & Purificato, Francesco, 2013, "Financial Development and Agglomeration," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 48425, Jul.
- Raza, Syed Ali & Jawaid, Syed Tehseen & Shafqat, Junaid, 2013, "Profitability of the Banking Sector of Pakistan: Panel Evidence from Bank-Specific, Industry-Specific and Macroeconomic Determinants," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 48485, Jul.
- Kazi, Abdul Kabeer, 2013, "An empirical study of factors influencing adoption of Internet banking among students of higher education: Evidence from Pakistan," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 48611, Mar.
- He, Qichun, 2013, "Creative Destruction with Credit Inflation," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 48766, Jul.
- Aiello, Francesco & Bonanno, Graziella, 2013, "Profit and cost efficiency in the Italian banking industry (2006-2011)," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 48940, Aug.
- Thiombiano, Lardia Marcel, 2013, "Essai sur le système financier: une analyse du marché du crédit en Afrique Subsaharienne
[Essay on the financial system: an analysis of credit market in Sub-Saharan Africa]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49011. - Sani Ibrahim, Mr. Saifullahi & Muhammad, Mr. Abubakar, 2013, "Information and Communication Technology and Bank Performance in Nigeria: A Panel Data Analysis," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49062, Jun.
- Fulli-Lemaire, Nicolas, 2013, "A Tale of Two Eurozones: Banks’s Funding, Sovereign Risk & Unconventional Monetary Policies," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49072, Aug.
- Ager, Philipp & Spargoli, Fabrizio, 2013, "Bank Deregulation, Competition and Economic Growth: The US Free Banking Experience," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49269, Nov.
- Antoniades, Adonis, 2013, "Liquidity Risk and the Credit Crunch of 2007-2009: Evidence from Micro-Level Data on Mortgage Loan Applications," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49270, Jul.
- Okpara, Godwin Chigozie, 2013, "Developing an Index of Financial Inclusion: An Average Ratio Approach," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49505, Sep.
- Janda, Karel & Turbat, Batbayar, 2013, "Factors Influencing Portfolio Yield of Microfinance Institutions in Central Asia," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49549, Sep.
- Swamy, Vighneswara, 2013, "Banking System Resilience and Financial Stability - An Evidence from Indian Banking," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49597, Jun.
- Beyhaghi, Mehdi & Mahmoudi, Babak & Mohammadi, Ali, 2013, "Adverse Selection and Search Frictions in Corporate Loan Contracts," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49780, Sep.
- Delis, Manthos & Karavias, Yiannis, 2013, "Optimal versus realized bank credit risk and monetary policy," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49795, Sep.
- NGUENA, Christian L., 2013, "Solutions Pratiques au Problème de Financement des PME au Cameroun
[Practical Solution for SMEs Financing Deficit in Cameroon]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49840, Feb, revised 16 Jul 2013. - Morgan, Horatio M., 2013, "Entrepreneurship in the Informal Economy of Latin America and the Caribbean: A conceptual model of the finance-performance nexus," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49856, Aug.
- Ojo, Marianne, 2013, "Role of regulation in micro finance: jurisdictional analysis," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49927, Sep.
- Janda, Karel & Zetek, Pavel, 2013, "Macroeconomic factors influencing interest rates of microfinance institutions in Latin America," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 49973, Sep.
- Ojo, Marianne, 2013, "Role of regulation in micro finance: jurisdictional analysis," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 50199, Sep.
- Brancati, Emanuele, 2013, "Innovation, financial constraints and relationship lending: evidence from Italy during the recent crises," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 50329, Oct.
- Swamy, Vighneswara & B K, Tulasimala, 2013, "Women Financing and Household Economics," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 50351, Sep.
- Rahajeng, DIAN, 2013, "The Role of Islamic Banking System as the Milestone towards Indonesia Micro Economy Development," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 50465, Sep.
- Vigneron, Ludovic & Hajj Chehade, Hiba, 2013, "Structuration du pool bancaire de la PME : une revue de la littérature
[Structuring SMEs' banks relationships: a review]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 50498, Sep. - Nakhoda, Aadil, 2013, "Bank competition and export diversification," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 50774, Oct.
- Morgan, Horatio M., 2013, "Credit Unions, Consolidation and Small Business Lending: Evidence from Canada," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 50813, Oct.
- Athanasoglou, Panayiotis & Ioannis, Daniilidis & Manthos, Delis, 2013, "Bank procyclicality and output: Issues and policies," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 50830, Sep.
- Kozmenko, Olha & Kuzmenko, Olha, 2013, "Modeling the stability dynamics of Ukrainian banking system," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 50841, Aug.
- Samantas, Ioannis, 2013, "Income-specific estimates of competition in European banking," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51098, Oct.
- Kondo, Kazumine & Harimaya, Kozo, 2013, "Why Do Japanese Non-Local Regional Banks Enter Other Prefectures Under the Region-Based Relationship Banking Policy?," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51134, Nov.
- Ngunza Maniata, Kevin, 2013, "Pauvreté et microfinance au Congo Kinshasa : une approche par l’analyse factorielle discriminante
[Poverty and microfinance in Congo Kinshasa: a canonical discriminant analysis]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51161, Oct, revised 01 Nov 2013. - Marianne, Roedl, 2013, "Role of regulation and micro finance in Africa, Asia and Latin America," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51177, Nov.
- Ghosh, Saibal, 2013, "Macroprudential Regulation and Bank Performance: Evidence from India," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51226, Oct.
- Stolbov, Mikhail, 2013, "Anatomy of international banking crises at the onset of the Great Recession," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51236, Oct.
- Gjosheva-Kovachevikj, Marija & Kovachev, Goran & Risteski, Hristijan, 2013, "Conditions and Perspectives of financial lending in Macedonian Agriculture and rural Development," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51338, Sep, revised 15 Sep 2013.
- Janda, Karel & Turbat, Batbayar, 2013, "Econometric Analysis of Profitability of Microfinance Institutions in Selected Asian Countries," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51430, Nov.
- Grammatikos, Theoharry & Papanikolaou, Nikolaos I., 2013, "What lies behind the “too-small-to-survive” banks?," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51431, Nov, revised Nov 2013.
- Heinrich, Gregor, 2013, "El posible impacto de las reformas internacionales en América Latina y el Caribe
[The possible impact of international reforms in Latin Americas and the Caribbean]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51457, Nov. - Mamatzakis, E, 2013, "Does weather affect US bank loan efficiency?," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51616, Nov.
- Samantas, Ioannis, 2013, "Bank competition and financial (in)stability in Europe: A sensitivity analysis," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51621, Nov.
- Marianne, Roedl, 2013, "Role of regulation in micro finance: application of the Micro Savings Requirement Scheme in informal sectors," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 51623, Nov.
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