Research classified by Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes
Top JEL
/ D: Microeconomics
/ / D1: Household Behavior
/ / / D15: Intertemporal Household Choice; Life Cycle Models and Saving
2020
- Elizabeth Caucutt & Lance Lochner & Joseph Mullins & Youngmin Park, 2020, "Child Skill Production: Accounting for Parental and Market-Based Time and Goods Investments," University of Western Ontario, Centre for Human Capital and Productivity (CHCP) Working Papers, University of Western Ontario, Centre for Human Capital and Productivity (CHCP), number 20204.
- Enrico Bellino, 2020, "A New Solution to an Old Problem: a Temporary Equilibrium Version of the Ramsey Model," Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Sociali, Vita e Pensiero, Pubblicazioni dell'Universita' Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, volume 128, issue 3, pages 285-300.
- Foltyn-Zarychta Monika, 2020, "The Dilemmas of Public Vs. Private Goods Discounting for Long-Term Investment Appraisal: The Puzzle of Citizen and Consumer Approaches to Valuation," Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, Sciendo, volume 20, issue 2, pages 114-133, December, DOI: 10.2478/foli-2020-0039.
- Cwynar Andrzej, 2020, "Financial Literacy, Behaviour and Well-Being of Millennials in Poland Compared to Previous Generations: The Insights from Three Large-Scale Surveys," Review of Economic Perspectives, Sciendo, volume 20, issue 3, pages 289-335, September, DOI: 10.2478/revecp-2020-0015.
- Annamaria Lusardi & Olivia S. Mitchell & Noemi Oggero, 2020, "Debt and Financial Vulnerability on the Verge of Retirement," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, volume 52, issue 5, pages 1005-1034, August, DOI: 10.1111/jmcb.12671.
- Scott Fulford & Scott Schuh, 2020, "Credit Cards, Credit Utilization, and Consumption," Working Papers, Department of Economics, West Virginia University, number 19-07, Dec.
- Werthschulte, Madeline, 2020, ""Pay-later" vs. "pay-as-you-go": Experimental evidence on present-biased overconsumption and the importance of timing," CAWM Discussion Papers, University of Münster, Münster Center for Economic Policy (MEP), number 121.
- Rau, Holger A., 2020, "Time preferences in decisions for others," University of Göttingen Working Papers in Economics, University of Goettingen, Department of Economics, number 395.
- Lee, Siha, 2020, "Household responses to disability shocks: Spousal labor supply, caregiving, and disability insurance," CLEF Working Paper Series, Canadian Labour Economics Forum (CLEF), University of Waterloo, number 21.
- Aydın, Deniz, 2021, "Consumption Response to Credit Expansions: Evidence from Experimental Assignment of 45,307 Credit Lines," EconStor Preprints, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, number 222359.
- Oberrauch, Luis & Kaiser, Tim, 2020, "Financial Literacy and Intertemporal Arbitrage," EconStor Preprints, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, number 225642.
- Chowdhury, Shyamal & Smits, Joeri & Sun, Qigang, 2020, "Contract structure, time preference, and technology adoption," GLO Discussion Paper Series, Global Labor Organization (GLO), number 633.
- Fuchs-Schündeln, Nicola & Krueger, Dirk & Ludwig, Alexander & Popova, Irina, 2020, "The long-term distributional and welfare effects of Covid-19 school closures," SAFE Working Paper Series, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, number 290, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3696313.
- Kotsogiannis, Christos & Schwager, Robert, 2020, "Quasi-hyperbolic discounting and externalities: Can government intervention improve wefare?," VfS Annual Conference 2020 (Virtual Conference): Gender Economics, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 224593.
- Fuchs-Schündeln, Nicola & Krueger, Dirk & Ludwig, Alexander & Popova, Irina, 2020, "The long-term distributional and welfare effects of Covid-19 school closures," ZEW Discussion Papers, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, number 20-045.
- Werthschulte, Madeline, 2020, ""Pay-later" vs. "pay-as-you-go": Experimental evidence on present-biased overconsumption and the importance of timing," ZEW Discussion Papers, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, number 20-089.
2019
- John Gathergood & Neale Mahoney & Neil Stewart & Jörg Weber, 2019, "How Do Individuals Repay Their Debt? The Balance-Matching Heuristic," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 109, issue 3, pages 844-875, March.
- Olivier De Groote & Frank Verboven, 2019, "Subsidies and Time Discounting in New Technology Adoption: Evidence from Solar Photovoltaic Systems," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 109, issue 6, pages 2137-2172, June.
- Itzik Fadlon & Torben Heien Nielsen, 2019, "Family Health Behaviors," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 109, issue 9, pages 3162-3191, September.
- Marek Kapička & Julian Neira, 2019, "Optimal Taxation with Risky Human Capital," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, volume 11, issue 4, pages 271-309, October.
- Claus Thustrup Kreiner & David Dreyer Lassen & Søren Leth-Petersen, 2019, "Liquidity Constraint Tightness and Consumer Responses to Fiscal Stimulus Policy," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, volume 11, issue 1, pages 351-379, February.
- Jeffrey R. Campbell & Zvi Hercowitz, 2019, "Liquidity Constraints of the Middle Class," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, volume 11, issue 3, pages 130-155, August.
- James Banks & Richard Blundell & Peter Levell & James P. Smith, 2019, "Life-Cycle Consumption Patterns at Older Ages in the United States and the United Kingdom: Can Medical Expenditures Explain the Difference?," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, volume 11, issue 3, pages 27-54, August.
- Horioka, Charles Yuji & Gahramanov, Emin & Hayat, Aziz & Tang, Xueli, 2019, "The Impact of Bequest Motives on Retirement Behavior in Japan: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis," AGI Working Paper Series, Asian Growth Research Institute, number 2019-14, Dec.
- Voss, Achim, , "The Adverse Effect of Energy-Efficiency Policy," FEP: Future Energy Program, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM) > FEP: Future Energy Program, number 291522, DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.291522.
- Menoncin, Francesco & Vergalli, Sergio, , "Optimal Stopping Time, Consumption, Labour, and Portfolio Decision for a Pension Scheme," ETA: Economic Theory and Applications, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM), number 288459, DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.288459.
- d'Andria, Diego & DeBacker, Jason & Evans, Richard W. & Pycroft, Jonathan & Zachlod-Jelec, Magdalena, 2019, "Micro-founded tax policy effects in a heterogeneous-agent macro-model," Conference papers, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project, number 333053.
- Paul Heidhues & Philipp Strack, 2019, "Identifying Present-Bias from the Timing of Choices," Papers, arXiv.org, number 1905.03959, May.
- Piotr Krajewski & Agata Szymanska, 2019, "The effectiveness of fiscal policy within business cycle-Ricardians vs. non-Ricardians approach," Baltic Journal of Economics, Baltic International Centre for Economic Policy Studies, volume 19, issue 2, pages 195-215, DOI: 10.1080/1406099X.2019.1609228.
- Saverio M. Fratini, 2019, "On The Second Stage Of The Cambridge Capital Controversy," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, volume 33, issue 4, pages 1073-1093, September, DOI: 10.1111/joes.12312.
- Daria Pignalosa, 2019, "On the role of the utility function in the estimation of preference parameters," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, volume 70, issue 4, pages 793-820, November, DOI: 10.1111/meca.12256.
- Jose L. Fillat & Stefania Garetto & Arthur V. Smith, 2018, "What are the consequences of global banking for the international transmission of shocks? A quantitative analysis∗," Boston University - Department of Economics - Working Papers Series, Boston University - Department of Economics, number WP2019-01, Jul, revised Oct 2018.
- David Altig & Alan Auerbach & Patrick Higgins & Darryl Koehler & Laurence Kotlikoff & Ellyn Terry & Victor Ye, 2019, "Did the 2017 Tax Reform Discriminate against Blue State Voters?," Boston University - Department of Economics - Working Papers Series, Boston University - Department of Economics, number WP2020-001, Apr.
- Torres-Garcia Alejandro & Vanegas-Arias Martin & Builes-Aristizabal Laura, 2019, "The Effect of Armed Conflict on Savings Rates: International Evidence from 1980 to 2015," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, volume 25, issue 3, pages 1-13, September, DOI: 10.1515/peps-2018-0048.
- Congressional Budget Office, 2019, "Use of the Post-9/11 GI Bill by the National Guard and Reserves," Reports, Congressional Budget Office, number 55916, Dec.
- Hans Fehr & Maurice Hofmann, 2019, "Tenure Choice, Portfolio Structure and Long-Term Care - Optimal Risk Management in Retirement," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 7783.
- Martin F. Quaas & Stefan Baumgärtner & Moritz A. Drupp & Jasper N. Meya, 2019, "Intertemporal Utility with Heterogeneous Goods and Constant Elasticity of Substitution," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 7999.
- Jean-Baptiste MICHAU, 2019, "The Preference for Net Wealth," Working Papers, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics, number 2019-12, Jul.
- Esther Delesalle, 2019, "Good Or Bad Timing? The Effects Of Productivity Shocks On Education And On Schooling Performance," LIDAM Discussion Papers IRES, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES), number 2019021, Dec.
- isai guizar, 2019, "Transmisión de los niveles de violencia a las decisiones microeconómicas de crédito," Cuadernos de Economía - Spanish Journal of Economics and Finance, Asociación Cuadernos de Economía, volume 42, issue 119, pages 81-102, Mayo.
- Richard Blundell & Ran Gu & Soren Leth-Petersen & Hamish Low & Costas Meghir, 2019, "Durables and Lemons: Private Information and the Market for Cars," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University, number 2197, Sep.
- Richard Blundell & Ran Gu & Soren Leth-Petersen & Hamish Low & Costas Meghir, 2019, "Durables and Lemons: Private Information and the Market for Cars," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University, number 2197R, Sep.
- Mahasuweerachai, Phumsith & Mahariwirasami, Anucha, 2019, "Benefiting from our biases: Inducing saving increases among Thai military officers," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, volume 65, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.asieco.2019.101152.
- Branger, Nicole & Larsen, Linda Sandris & Munk, Claus, 2019, "Hedging recessions," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, volume 107, issue C, pages 1-1, DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2019.07.001.
- Spataro, Luca & Fanti, Luciano & Pacini, Pier Mario, 2019, "Saving, fertility and public policy in an overlapping generations small open economy," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 81, issue C, pages 16-29, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2018.12.003.
- Peter, Richard, 2019, "Revisiting precautionary saving under ambiguity," Economics Letters, Elsevier, volume 174, issue C, pages 123-127, DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2018.11.009.
- Comerford, David A., 2019, "Asking for frequencies rather than percentages increases the validity of subjective probability measures: Evidence from subjective life expectancy," Economics Letters, Elsevier, volume 180, issue C, pages 33-35, DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2019.04.001.
- Chen, Josie I. & He, Tai-Sen & Riyanto, Yohanes E., 2019, "The effect of language on economic behavior: Examining the causal link between future tense and time preference in the lab," European Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 120, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2019.103307.
- Strulik, Holger, 2019, "An economic theory of depression and its impact on health behavior and longevity," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 158, issue C, pages 269-287, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2018.11.022.
- Niimi, Yoko & Horioka, Charles Yuji, 2019, "The wealth decumulation behavior of the retired elderly in Japan: The relative importance of precautionary saving and bequest motives," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, volume 51, issue C, pages 52-63, DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2018.10.002.
- Bagliano, Fabio C. & Fugazza, Carolina & Nicodano, Giovanna, 2019, "Life-cycle portfolios, unemployment and human capital loss," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, volume 60, issue C, pages 325-340, DOI: 10.1016/j.jmacro.2019.03.006.
- Frankovic, Ivan & Kuhn, Michael, 2019, "Access to health care, medical progress and the emergence of the longevity gap: A general equilibrium analysis," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, volume 14, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2019.01.002.
- Yakita, Akira, 2019, "Optimal long-term care policy in an intergenerational exchange setting," Research in Economics, Elsevier, volume 73, issue 4, pages 321-328, DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2019.10.002.
- Robert Breunig & Owen Freestone, 2019, "Risk Aversion Among Australian Households," CAMA Working Papers, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University, number 2019-27, Mar.
- Sagiri Kitao & Tomoaki Yamada, 2019, "Dimensions of Inequality in Japan: Distributions of Earnings, Income and Wealth between 1984 and 2014," CAMA Working Papers, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University, number 2019-36, Jun.
- Kozo Ueda, 2019, "Dynamic Cost of Living Index for Storable Goods," CAMA Working Papers, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University, number 2019-88, Dec.
- Sagiri KITAO & Tomoaki YAMADA, 2019, "Dimensions of Inequality in Japan: Distributions of Earnings, Income and Wealth between 1984 and 2014," Discussion papers, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI), number 19034, May.
- Francesco Menoncin & Sergio Vergalli, 2019, "Optimal Stopping Time, Consumption, Labour, and Portfolio Decision for a Pension Scheme," Working Papers, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, number 2019.09, May.
- Achim Voss, 2019, "The Adverse Effect of Energy-Efficiency Policy," Working Papers, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, number 2019.13, Jul.
- David E. Altig & Alan J. Auerbach & Patrick C. Higgins & Darryl Koehler & Laurence J. Kotlikoff & Michael Leiseca & Ellie Terry & Victor Ye, 2019, "Did the 2017 Tax Reform Discriminate against Blue State Voters?," FRB Atlanta Working Paper, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, number 2019-7, Apr, DOI: 10.29338/wp2019-07.
- Jonathan D. Fisher & David Johnson & Timothy Smeeding & Jeffrey P. Thompson, 2019, "Estimating the marginal propensity to consume using the distributions of income, consumption and wealth," Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, number 19-4, Feb.
- Joanna Stavins, 2019, "How does liquidity affect consumer payment choice?," Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, number 19-7, Aug.
- Scott L. Fulford & Joanna Stavins, 2019, "Does getting a mortgage affect credit card use?," Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, number 19-8, May.
- Ulrike Malmendier & Leslie Sheng Shen, 2019, "Scarred Consumption," International Finance Discussion Papers, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.), number 1259, Oct, DOI: 10.17016/IFDP.2019.1259.
- Pauline Rossi & Mathilde Godard, 2019, "The Old-Age Security Motive for Fertility: Evidence from the Extension of Social Pensions in Namibia," Working Papers, Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon St-Etienne (GATE Lyon St-Etienne), Université de Lyon, number 1933.
- Pauline Rossi & Mathilde Godard, 2019, "The Old-Age Security Motive for Fertility: Evidence from the Extension of Social Pensions in Namibia," Working Papers, HAL, number halshs-02378400.
- Bolin, Kristian & Caputo, Michael R., 2019, "Child Human Capital – The Importance of Parenting Style," Working Papers in Economics, University of Gothenburg, Department of Economics, number 771, Aug.
- Bolin, Kristian & Caputo, Michael R., 2019, "Non-Life-Threatening Ailments and Rational Patience," Working Papers in Economics, University of Gothenburg, Department of Economics, number 772, Aug.
- Jan Behringer & Till van Treeck, 2019, "The Corporate Sector and the Current Account," FMM Working Paper, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute, number 43-2019.
- Jan Behringer & Till van Treeck, 2019, "The corporate sector and the current account," IMK Working Paper, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute, number 196-2019.
- Abigail Loxton, 2019, "Gender Differences in Inter Vivos Transfers," CAEPR Working Papers, Center for Applied Economics and Policy Research, Department of Economics, Indiana University Bloomington, number 2019-002, Feb.
- Diego d'Andria & Jason DeBacker & Richard Evans & Jonathan Pycroft & Magdalena Zachlod-Jelec, 2019, "Micro-founded tax policy effects in a heterogenenous-agent macro-model," JRC Working Papers on Taxation & Structural Reforms, Joint Research Centre, number 2019-01, Apr.
- Chiappori, Pierre-André & Molina, José Alberto & Gimenez-Nadal, José Ignacio & Velilla, Jorge, 2019, "Intertemporal Labor Supply and Intra-Household Commitment," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 12353, May.
- Shah Goda, Gopi & Levy, Matthew R. & Flaherty Manchester, Colleen & Sojourner, Aaron & Tasoff, Joshua, 2019, "Who Is a Passive Saver under Opt-In and Auto-Enrollment?," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 12497, Jul.
- Castleman, Benjamin L. & Murphy, Francis X. & Patterson, Richard & Skimmyhorn, William L., 2019, "Active Choice Framing and Intergenerational Education Benefits: Evidence from the Field," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 12523, Aug.
- Holzmann, Robert & Ayuso, Mercedes & Alaminos, Estefanía & Bravo, Jorge Miguel, 2019, "Life Cycle Saving and Dissaving Revisited across Three-Tiered Income Groups: Starting Hypotheses, Refinement through Literature Review, and Ideas for Empirical Testing," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 12655, Sep.
- Brenøe, Anne Ardila & Epper, Thomas, 2019, "Parenting Values Moderate the Intergenerational Transmission of Time Preferences," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 12710, Oct.
- Hintermaier, Thomas & Koeniger, Winfried, 2019, "Differences in Euro-Area Household Finances and their Relevance for Monetary-Policy Transmission," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 12743, Nov.
- Lorenz Benedikt Fischer, 2019, "Migration’s inability to alleviate regional disparities: the grass is still greener on the other side of the fence," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, volume 46, issue 1, pages 5-29, February, DOI: 10.1007/s10663-018-9409-7.
- Desu Liu & Mario Menegatti, 2019, "Optimal saving and health prevention," Journal of Economics, Springer, volume 128, issue 2, pages 177-191, October, DOI: 10.1007/s00712-018-00652-6.
- Charles Yuji Horioka & Emin Gahramanov & Aziz Hayat & Xueli Tang, 2019, "The Impact of Bequest Motives on Retirement Behavior in Japan: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis," Discussion Paper Series, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe University, number DP2019-26, Dec.
- Charles Yuji Horioka, 2019, "Does the Life Cycle Hypothesis Apply in the Case of Japan?," Discussion Paper Series, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe University, number DP2019-J10, Dec.
- Richard Blundell & Ran Gu & Soeren Leth-Petersen & Hamish Low & Costas Meghir, 2019, "Durables and Lemons: Private Information and the Market for Cars," CEBI working paper series, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. The Center for Economic Behavior and Inequality (CEBI), number 19-07, Sep.
- Thomas Epper & Ernst Fehr & Helga Fehr-Duda & Claus Thustrup Kreiner & David Dreyer Lassen & Soeren Leth-Petersen & Gregers Nytoft Rasmussen, 2019, "Time Discounting and Wealth Inequality," CEBI working paper series, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. The Center for Economic Behavior and Inequality (CEBI), number 19-08, Oct.
- Thomas Epper & Anne Ardila Bren�e, 2019, "Parenting Values Moderate The Intergenrational Transmission Of Time Preferences," CEBI working paper series, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. The Center for Economic Behavior and Inequality (CEBI), number 19-09, Nov.
- Mongoljin Batsaikhan & Mette Goertz & John Kennes & Ran Sun Lyng & Daniel Monte & Norovsambuu Tumennasan, 2021, "Discrimination and Daycare Choice: Evidence from a Randomized Survey," CEBI working paper series, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. The Center for Economic Behavior and Inequality (CEBI), number 19-14, 11.
- Yuki SHIGETA, 2019, "Gain/Loss Asymmetric Stochastic Differential Utility," Discussion papers, Graduate School of Economics , Kyoto University, number e-19-004, Aug.
- Giovanni Ferri & Bonnie Annette Acosta, 2019, "Sustainable Finance for Sustainable Development," CERBE Working Papers, CERBE Center for Relationship Banking and Economics, number wpC30, Jul.
- Finn Kydland & Nick Pretnar, 2019, "The Costs and Benefits of Caring: Aggregate Burdens of an Aging Population," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 25498, Jan.
- Bronson Argyle & Taylor D. Nadauld & Christopher Palmer, 2019, "Monthly Payment Targeting and the Demand for Maturity," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 25668, Mar.
- David Altig & Alan J. Auerbach & Patrick C. Higgins & Darryl R. Koehler & Laurence J. Kotlikoff & Michael Leiseca & Ellyn Terry & Yifan Ye, 2019, "Did the 2017 Tax Reform Discriminate against Blue State Voters?," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 25770, Apr.
- John Beshears & James J. Choi & David Laibson & Brigitte C. Madrian & William L. Skimmyhorn, 2019, "Borrowing to Save? The Impact of Automatic Enrollment on Debt," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 25876, May.
- Nicholas Z. Muller, 2019, "Time Preference and the Great Depression: Evidence from Firewood Prices in Portland, Oregon," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 25997, Jun.
- Mark Rosenzweig & Junsen Zhang, 2019, "Housing Prices, Inter-generational Co-residence, and “Excess” Savings by the Young: Evidence using Chinese Data," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 26209, Aug.
- Richard Blundell & Ran Gu & Søren Leth-Petersen & Hamish Low & Costas Meghir, 2019, "Durables and Lemons: Private Information and the Market for Cars," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 26281, Sep.
- Gastón Illanes & Manisha Padi, 2019, "Retirement Policy and Annuity Market Equilibria: Evidence from Chile," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 26285, Sep.
- Fernando Alexandre & Pedro Bação & Miguel Portela, 2019, "A flatter life-cycle consumption profile," NIPE Working Papers, NIPE - Universidade do Minho, number 01/2019.
- Richard Blundell & Ran Gu & Soren Leth-Petersen & Hamish Low & Costas Meghir, 2019, "Durables and Lemons: Private Information and the Market for Cars," Economics Papers, Economics Group, Nuffield College, University of Oxford, number 2019-W10, Dec.
- Dimitar Damyanov, 2019, "Household Consumption in Neoclassical Macroeconomics – Assumptions and Reality," Nauchni trudove, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria, issue 3, pages 111-121, November.
- Orsetta Causa & Nicolas Woloszko & David Leite, 2019, "Housing, wealth accumulation and wealth distribution: Evidence and stylized facts," OECD Economics Department Working Papers, OECD Publishing, number 1588, Dec, DOI: 10.1787/86954c10-en.
- Hamish Low & Richard Blundell & Ran Gu & Soren Leth-Petersen & Costas Meghir, 2019, "Durables and Lemons: Private Information and the Market for Cars," Economics Series Working Papers, University of Oxford, Department of Economics, number 890, Dec.
- Martin Boyer & Philippe Donder & Claude Fluet & Marie-Louise Leroux & Pierre-Carl Michaud, 2019, "Long-term care risk misperceptions," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, volume 44, issue 2, pages 183-215, April, DOI: 10.1057/s41288-018-00116-4.
- Andrew Shephard, 2019, "Marriage market dynamics, gender, and the age gap," PIER Working Paper Archive, Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania, number 19-003, Mar.
- Hero Ashman & Seth Neumuller, 2019, "Online Appendix to "Can Income Differences Explain the Racial Wealth Gap: A Quantitative Analysis"," Online Appendices, Review of Economic Dynamics, number 18-559.
- Cristian Badarinza, 2019, "Code and data files for "Mortgage Debt and Social Externalities"," Computer Codes, Review of Economic Dynamics, number 18-225, revised .
- Hero Ashman & Seth Neumuller, 2019, "Code and data files for "Can Income Differences Explain the Racial Wealth Gap: A Quantitative Analysis"," Computer Codes, Review of Economic Dynamics, number 18-559, revised .
- Cristian Badarinza, 2019, "Mortgage Debt and Social Externalities," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, volume 34, pages 43-60, October, DOI: 10.1016/j.red.2019.03.003.
- Yongheng Deng & Jing Wu & Yang Tang & ping wang, 2019, "Spatial Misallocation in Chinese Housing and Land Markets," 2019 Meeting Papers, Society for Economic Dynamics, number 1351.
- Chunzan Wu & Dirk Krueger, 2019, "How Much Consumption Insurance in Bewley Models with Endogenous Family Labor Supply?," 2019 Meeting Papers, Society for Economic Dynamics, number 493.
- Sijia Xu & Abu S. Shonchoy & Tomoki Fujii, 2019, "Illusion of gender parity in education: Intrahousehold resource allocation in Bangladesh," Economics and Statistics Working Papers, Singapore Management University, School of Economics, number 9-2019, Apr.
- Houda Graiet & Faouzi Jilani, 2019, "Microeconomic Determinants of Private Retirement Savings: The Case of Tunisia," South-Eastern Europe Journal of Economics, Association of Economic Universities of South and Eastern Europe and the Black Sea Region, volume 17, issue 1, pages 129-153.
- Manish Kumar & R. N. Mohapatra, 2019, "Application of Davies–Petersen Lemma," Springer Optimization and Its Applications, Springer, in: Dorin Andrica & Themistocles M. Rassias, "Differential and Integral Inequalities", DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-27407-8_19.
- Pauline Rossi & Mathilde Godard, 2019, "The Old-Age Security Motive for Fertility: Evidence from the Extension of Social Pensions in Namibia," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers, Tinbergen Institute, number 19-069/V, Sep.
- Päivi Kankaanranta, 2019, "A Cohort-Analysis of Age-Wealth Profile in Finland," Discussion Papers, Aboa Centre for Economics, number 130, Dec.
- Fabio C. Bagliano & Carolina Fugazza & Giovanna Nicodano, 2019, "Life-Cycle Portfolios, Unemployment and Human Capital Loss," Working papers, Department of Economics, Social Studies, Applied Mathematics and Statistics (Dipartimento di Scienze Economico-Sociali e Matematico-Statistiche), University of Torino, number 060, Mar.
- Rodrigo Ceni & Gonzalo Salas, 2019, "Transfer Program Enforcement and Children's Time Allocation," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers), Instituto de EconomÃa - IECON, number 19-17, Jul.
- Epper, Thomas & Fehr, Ernst & Fehr-Duda, Helga & Thustrup Kreiner, Claus & Dreyer Lassen, David & Leth-Petersen, Søren & Nytoft Rasmussen, Gregers, 2019, "Time Discounting and Wealth Inequality," Economics Working Paper Series, University of St. Gallen, School of Economics and Political Science, number 1916, Nov.
- Brenøe, Anne Ardila & Epper, Thomas, 2019, "Parenting Values Moderate the Intergenerational Transmission of Time Preferences," Economics Working Paper Series, University of St. Gallen, School of Economics and Political Science, number 1917, Nov.
- Renata Bottazzi & Serena Trucchi & Matthew Wakefield, 2019, "Labour Supply Responses to Financial Wealth Shocks: Evidence from in Italy," Working Papers, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari", number 2019:10.
- Francesco Scervini & Serena Trucchi, 2019, "Intergenerational Precautionary Saving in Europe," Working Papers, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari", number 2019:13.
- Lens Dries & Marx Ive & Vujić Sunčica, 2019, "Double Jeopardy: How Refugees Fare in One European Labor Market," IZA Journal of Development and Migration, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), volume 10, issue 1, pages 1-29, June, DOI: 10.2478/izajodm-2019-0008.
- Edwards Kathryn Anne & Wenger Jeffrey B., 2019, "Parents with an Unemployed Adult Child: Consumption, Income, and Savings Effects," IZA Journal of Labor Economics, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), volume 8, issue 1, pages 1-44, June, DOI: 10.2478/izajole-2019-0001.
- Sogunro Ashim Babatunde & Adeleke Ismaila Adedeji & Ayorinde Richard Olusegun, 2019, "An assessment of adequacy of pre-retirement savings for sustainable retirement income under the Nigerian 2014 pension scheme," Journal of Economics and Management, Sciendo, volume 35, issue 1, pages 150-171, March, DOI: 10.22367/jem.2019.35.08.
- Zachary Breig & Matthew Gibson & Jeffrey Shrader, 2019, "Why Do We Procrastinate? Present Bias and Optimism," Department of Economics Working Papers, Department of Economics, Williams College, number 2019-15, Feb.
- Teevrat Garg & Matthew Gibson & Fanglin Sun, 2019, "Extreme Temperatures and Time Use in China," Department of Economics Working Papers, Department of Economics, Williams College, number 2019-16, May.
- Howard Bodenhorn, 2019, "Were Nineteenth‐Century Industrial Workers Permanent Income Savers?," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, volume 85, issue 4, pages 1286-1310, April, DOI: 10.1002/soej.12335.
- Werthschulte, Madeline & Löschel, Andreas, 2019, "Cost misperceptions and energy consumption: Experimental evidence for present bias and biased price beliefs," CAWM Discussion Papers, University of Münster, Münster Center for Economic Policy (MEP), number 111.
- Strulik, Holger, 2019, "Opioid epidemics," University of Göttingen Working Papers in Economics, University of Goettingen, Department of Economics, number 371.
- Hintermaier, Thomas & Koeniger, Winfried, 2019, "Differences in euro-area household finances and their relevance for monetary-policy transmission," CFS Working Paper Series, Center for Financial Studies (CFS), number 637.
- Behringer, Jan & van Treeck, Till, 2019, "The corporate sector and the current account," ifso working paper series, University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute for Socioeconomics (ifso), number 1.
- Voß, Achim, 2019, "The adverse effect of energy-efficiency policy," VfS Annual Conference 2019 (Leipzig): 30 Years after the Fall of the Berlin Wall - Democracy and Market Economy, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 203495.
- Strulik, Holger, 2019, "From Pain Patient to Junkie: An Economic Theory of Painkiller Consumption and its Impact on Wellbeing and Longevity," VfS Annual Conference 2019 (Leipzig): 30 Years after the Fall of the Berlin Wall - Democracy and Market Economy, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 203510.
- Semedo Leite, Duarte Nuno & Härtl, Klaus, 2019, "The Aging-Inflation Puzzle: on the Interplay between Aging, Inflation and Pension Systems," VfS Annual Conference 2019 (Leipzig): 30 Years after the Fall of the Berlin Wall - Democracy and Market Economy, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 203514.
- Kalamov, Zarko & Runkel, Marco, 2019, "Sin Taxes, Insurance and the Correction of Internalities," VfS Annual Conference 2019 (Leipzig): 30 Years after the Fall of the Berlin Wall - Democracy and Market Economy, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association, number 203620.
- Anne Ardila Brenøe & Thomas Epper, 2019, "Parenting values moderate the intergenerational transmission of time preferences," ECON - Working Papers, Department of Economics - University of Zurich, number 333, Oct.
2018
- Monisankar Bishnu & Nick L Guo & Cagri Kumru, 2018, "A Revisit to the Annuity Role of Estate Tax," ANU Working Papers in Economics and Econometrics, Australian National University, College of Business and Economics, School of Economics, number 2018-658, Feb.
- Shoumitro Chatterjee & Tom Vogl, 2018, "Escaping Malthus: Economic Growth and Fertility Change in the Developing World," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 108, issue 6, pages 1440-1467, June.
- Lee M. Lockwood, 2018, "Incidental Bequests and the Choice to Self-Insure Late-Life Risks," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 108, issue 9, pages 2513-2550, September.
- Victoria Baranov & Hans-Peter Kohler, 2018, "The Impact of AIDS Treatment on Savings and Human Capital Investment in Malawi," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, volume 10, issue 1, pages 266-306, January.
- Yongsung Chang & Jay H. Hong & Marios Karabarbounis, 2018, "Labor Market Uncertainty and Portfolio Choice Puzzles," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, volume 10, issue 2, pages 222-262, April.
- John Laitner & Dan Silverman & Dmitriy Stolyarov, 2018, "The Role of Annuitized Wealth in Post-retirement Behavior," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, volume 10, issue 3, pages 71-117, July.
- Melanie Lührmann & Marta Serra-Garcia & Joachim Winter, 2018, "The Impact of Financial Education on Adolescents' Intertemporal Choices," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, volume 10, issue 3, pages 309-332, August.
- Hannah Schildberg-Hörisch, 2018, "Are Risk Preferences Stable?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, volume 32, issue 2, pages 135-154, Spring.
- Rui Mata & Renato Frey & David Richter & Jürgen Schupp & Ralph Hertwig, 2018, "Risk Preference: A View from Psychology," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, volume 32, issue 2, pages 155-172, Spring.
- Niimi, Yoko & Horioka, Charles Yuji, 2018, "The Wealth Decumulation Behavior of the Retired Elderly in Japan: The Relative Importance of Precautionary Saving and Bequest Motives," AGI Working Paper Series, Asian Growth Research Institute, number 2018-08, Oct.
- William B. Peterman & Erick Sager, 2018, "Optimal Public Debt with Life Cycle Motives," Economic Working Papers, Bureau of Labor Statistics, number 507.
- Thomas Hintermaier & Winfried Koeniger, 2018, "Differences in Euro-Area Household Finances and their Relevance for Monetary-Policy Transmission," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 7088.
- Martin Boyer & Philippe De Donder & Claude Fluet & Marie-Louise Leroux & Pierre-Carl Michaud, 2018, "Long Term Care Risk Misperceptions," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 7100.
- Julien Hugonnier & Florian Pelgrin & Pascal St-Amour, 2018, "Valuing Life as an Asset, as a Statistic and at Gunpoint," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series, Swiss Finance Institute, number 18-27, Apr.
- M. Martin Boyer & Philippe De Donder & Claude Denys Fluet & Marie-Louise Leroux & Pierre-Carl Michaud, 2018, "Long-term Care Risk Misperceptions," CIRANO Working Papers, CIRANO, number 2018s-20, May.
- Nicolas Bédard & Pierre-Carl Michaud, 2018, "Playing with Fire? Debt near Retirement in Canada," CIRANO Working Papers, CIRANO, number 2018s-42, Dec.
- Gabriel PIRAQUIVE GALEANO & Mariana MATAMOROS C�RDENAS & Erick CESPEDES RANGEL & Jhonathan RODR�GUEZ CHAC�N, 2018, "Actualización de la tasa de rendimiento del capital en Colombia bajo la metodología de Harberger," Archivos de Economía, Departamento Nacional de Planeación, number 16512, Aug.
- Luz Magdalena Salas Bahamón, 2018, "Acceso a Servicios Financieros: Evaluación de Impacto del Programa Grupos de Ahorro y Crédito de la Comunidad en Colombia," Vniversitas Económica, Universidad Javeriana - Bogotá, volume 0, issue 0, pages 1-67.
- Krueger, Dirk & Wu, Chunzan, 2018, "How Much Consumption Insurance in Bewley Models with Endogenous Family Labor Supply?," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 12828, Mar.
- Enrico Bellino & Secondo Autore & Terzo Autore & Quarto Autore, 2018, "A new solution to an old problem: a temporary equilibrium version of the Ramsey model," DISCE - Quaderni del Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Sociali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dipartimenti e Istituti di Scienze Economiche (DISCE), number dises1836, Jun.
- Charles Yuji Horioka & Yoko Niimi, 2018, "An Empirical Analysis of the Saving Behavior of Elderly Households in Japan," ISER Discussion Paper, Institute of Social and Economic Research, The University of Osaka, number 1018, Jan.
- Yoko Niimi & Charles Yuji Horioka, 2018, "The Wealth Decumulation Behavior of the Retired Elderly in Japan: The Relative Importance of Precautionary Saving and Bequest Motives," ISER Discussion Paper, Institute of Social and Economic Research, The University of Osaka, number 1042, Oct.
- Lang, Jan Hannes & Welz, Peter, 2018, "Semi-structural credit gap estimation," Working Paper Series, European Central Bank, number 2194, Nov.
- Hedlund, Aaron, 2018, "Credit constraints, house prices, and the impact of life cycle dynamics," Economics Letters, Elsevier, volume 171, issue C, pages 202-207, DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2018.07.028.
- Ongena, Steven & (Ania) Zalewska, Anna, 2018, "Institutional and individual investors: Saving for old age," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, volume 92, issue C, pages 257-268, DOI: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2017.10.012.
- Kochov, Asen, 2018, "A behavioral definition of unforeseen contingencies," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, volume 175, issue C, pages 265-290, DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2018.01.018.
- Daria Loiko, 2018, "Dynamics of consumption of foodstuffs in households of Ukraine and Czech republic," European scientific journal of Economic and Financial innovation, "European Association of Economists", volume 1, issue 1, pages 77-82, November, DOI: 10.32750/2018-0109.
- Daria Loiko, 2018, "Dynamics of consumption of foodstuffs in households of Ukraine and Czech republic," European scientific journal of Economic and Financial innovation, "European Association of Economists", volume 1, pages 67-82, November, DOI: 10.32750/2018-0109.
- Isalia Nava Bolaños & Flor Brown Grossman, 2018, "Determinantes del ahorro de los hogares en México: un análisis de regresión cuantílica," Economía: teoría y práctica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, México, volume 49, issue 2, pages 93-118, Julio-Dic, DOI: 10.24275/ETYPUAM/NE/492018/Nava.
- Jean-Pierre Drugeon & Thai Ha-Huy, 2018, "A not so myopic axiomatization of discounting," Documents de recherche, Centre d'Études des Politiques Économiques (EPEE), Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, number 18-02.
- Sarena Goodman & Adam Isen & Constantine Yannelis, 2018, "A Day Late and a Dollar Short : Liquidity and Household Formation among Student Borrowers," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.), number 2018-025, Apr, DOI: 10.17016/FEDS.2018.025.
- Christopher J. Kurz & Geng Li & Daniel J. Vine, 2018, "Are Millennials Different?," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.), number 2018-080, Nov, DOI: 10.17016/FEDS.2018.080.
- Gene Amromin & Mariacristina De Nardi & Karl Schulze, 2018, "Household Inequality and the Consumption Response to Aggregate Real Shocks," Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, issue 1, pages 1-20, DOI: 10.21033/ep-2018-1.
- Jean-Pierre Drugeon & Thai Ha-Huy, 2018, "A Not so Myopic Axiomatization of Discounting," PSE Working Papers, HAL, number halshs-01761962, Apr.
- Jean-Pierre Drugeon & Thai Ha-Huy, 2018, "A Not so Myopic Axiomatization of Discounting," Working Papers, HAL, number halshs-01761962, Apr.
- Di Maggio, Marco & Kermani, Amir & Majlesi, Kaveh, 2018, "Stock Market Returns and Consumption," Working Papers, Lund University, Department of Economics, number 2018:1, Feb.
- Morikawa, Masayuki, 2018, "Consumersʼ Preferences of the Quality and Price of Personal Services," Economic Review, Hitotsubashi University, volume 69, issue 4, pages 314-327, October, DOI: 10.15057/29640.
- 森川, 正之, 2018, "サービスの質・価格と消費者の選好," SSPJ Discussion Paper Series, Service Sector Productivity in Japan: Determinants and Policies, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University, number DP18-003, May.
- Robert Becker & Juan Pablo Rincon-Zapatero, 2018, "Recursive Utility and Thompson Aggregators, I: Constructive Existence Theory for the Koopmans Equation," CAEPR Working Papers, Center for Applied Economics and Policy Research, Department of Economics, Indiana University Bloomington, number 2018-006, Jul.
- Robert Becker & Juan Pablo Rincon-Zapatero, 2018, "Recursive Utility and Thompson Aggregators, II: Uniqueness of the Recursive Utility Representation," CAEPR Working Papers, Center for Applied Economics and Policy Research, Department of Economics, Indiana University Bloomington, number 2018-008, Aug.
- Benjamin Volland, 2018, "Après nous le déluge? Perceived distance of climate change impacts and pro-environmental behaviour," IRENE Working Papers, IRENE Institute of Economic Research, number 18-05, Jul.
- Manuel Guerra & João Pereira & Miguel St. Aubyn, 2018, "Life cycles with Endogenous Time Allocation and Age-Dependent Mortality," Working Papers REM, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, REM, Universidade de Lisboa, number 2018/56, Nov.
- Molina, José Alberto & Gimenez-Nadal, José Ignacio & Velilla, Jorge, 2018, "Intertemporal Labor Supply: A Household Collective Approach," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11276, Jan.
- Chłoń-Domińczak, Agnieszka & Góra, Marek & Kotowska, Irena E. & Magda, Iga & Ruzik-Sierdzińska, Anna & Strzelecki, Pawel, 2018, "The Impact of Life-Course Developments on Pensions in the NDC Systems in Poland, Italy and Sweden and Point System in Germany," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11341, Feb.
- Di Maggio, Marco & Kermani, Amir & Majlesi, Kaveh, 2018, "Stock Market Returns and Consumption," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11357, Feb.
- Cipriani, Giam Pietro & Pascucci, Francesco, 2018, "Pension Policies in a Model with Endogenous Fertility," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11511, Apr.
- Molina, José Alberto & Gimenez-Nadal, José Ignacio & Velilla, Jorge, 2018, "Intra-Household Wealth and Welfare Inequality in the US: Estimations from a Collective Model of Labor Supply," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11707, Jul.
- Shah Goda, Gopi & Levy, Matthew R. & Flaherty Manchester, Colleen & Sojourner, Aaron & Tasoff, Joshua, 2018, "Predicting Retirement Savings Using Survey Measures of Exponential-Growth Bias and Present Bias," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11762, Aug.
- D'Haultfoeuille, Xavier & Gaillac, Christophe & Maurel, Arnaud, 2018, "Rationalizing Rational Expectations? Tests and Deviations," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 11989, Nov.
- Tim Murray, 2018, "Do Potential Future Health Shocks Keep Older Americans from Using Their Housing Equity?," 2018 Papers, Job Market Papers, number pmu533, Nov.
- Olivia S. Mitchell, 2018, "Enhancing risk management for an aging world," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance Theory, Springer;International Association for the Study of Insurance Economics (The Geneva Association), volume 43, issue 2, pages 115-136, September, DOI: 10.1057/s10713-018-0027-x.
- Jeppe Druedahl & Thomas H. Joergensen, 2018, "Can Consumers Distinguish Persistent from Transitory Income Shocks?," CEBI working paper series, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. The Center for Economic Behavior and Inequality (CEBI), number 18-03, Feb.
- Arifur Rahman, 2018, "Equitable Redistribution without Taxation: A lesson from East Asian Miracle countries," LIS Working papers, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg, number 726, Jan.
- Luhrmann, Melanie & Serra-Garcia, Marta & Winter, Joachim, 2018, "The Impact of Financial Education on Adolescents' Intertemporal Choices," Munich Reprints in Economics, University of Munich, Department of Economics, number 62840.
- M. Martin Boyer & Philippe De Donder & Claude Fluet & Marie-Louise Leroux & Pierre-Carl Michaud, 2018, "Long Term Care Risk Misperceptions," Cahiers de recherche, Chaire de recherche Industrielle Alliance sur les enjeux économiques des changements démographiques, number 1805.
- Nicolas Bédard & Pierre-Carl Michaud, 2018, "Playing with Fire? Debt near Retirement in Canada," Cahiers de recherche, Chaire de recherche Industrielle Alliance sur les enjeux économiques des changements démographiques, number 1814.
- Qiyan Zeng & Xiaohua Yu & Te Bao, 2018, "Memory and Obesity : Theory and Empirical EvidenceEvidence," Economic Growth Centre Working Paper Series, Nanyang Technological University, School of Social Sciences, Economic Growth Centre, number 1806, Jun.
- Dan Cao & Iván Werning, 2018, "Saving and Dissaving with Hyperbolic Discounting," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 24257, Jan.
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