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Irrigation Investment on an American Indian Reservation

Author

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  • Muyang Ge
  • Eric C. Edwards
  • Sherzod B. Akhundjanov

Abstract

American Indian reservations have low incomes and high rates of poverty relative to adjacent communities, and the income gap appears to be even larger for Indian farmers. We examine the extent to which a lack of access to capital might explain these differences using irrigation systems as a proxy for on‐farm investment around the Uintah‐Ouray Indian Reservation in eastern Utah. Uintah land is held in trust by the US government, and farmers on this land face significant barriers to acquiring capital to invest in irrigation equipment and infrastructure. We use the boundaries from a 1905 land allotment as a natural experiment, employing both sharp and fuzzy regression discontinuity designs to explore whether agricultural land use, irrigation levels, irrigation investment, and crop choice differ across the boundary. The original allocation provided similar land in the immediate neighborhood around its borders, and our results suggest that today tribal trust land is farmed and irrigated at rates similar to adjacent land. However, conditional on being irrigated, tribal trust land is around thirty‐two percentage points less likely to utilize capital‐intensive sprinkler irrigation, and up to ten percentage points less likely to grow high‐value crops. Trust ownership, which is characterized by cumbersome bureaucratic processes, limits on agricultural lease flexibility, and the inability to use land as collateral to acquire loans, is a likely explanation for the observed differences.

Suggested Citation

  • Muyang Ge & Eric C. Edwards & Sherzod B. Akhundjanov, 2020. "Irrigation Investment on an American Indian Reservation," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 102(4), pages 1083-1104, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:ajagec:v:102:y:2020:i:4:p:1083-1104
    DOI: 10.1002/ajae.12077
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    2. Shartaj, Mostafa & Suter, Jordan F. & Manning, Dale, 2023. "State of Depletion: An empirical analysis of groundwater use on State Trust Lands," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335473, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    3. Lewis, Florence J. & Tor, Shaelise & Rappleyea, Damon & Didericksen, Katharine W. & Sira, Natalia, 2021. "Behavioral health and refugee youth in primary care: An ecological systems perspective of the complexities of care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    4. Hrozencik, Aaron & Aillery, Marcel, 2021. "Trends in U.S. Irrigated Agriculture: Increasing Resilience Under Water Supply Scarcity," USDA Miscellaneous 316792, United States Department of Agriculture.
    5. Kattirtzi, Michael & Ketsopoulou, Ioanna & Watson, Jim, 2021. "Incumbents in transition? The role of the ‘Big Six’ energy companies in the UK," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 148(PA).
    6. Christian Dippel & Dustin Frye & Bryan Leonard, 2020. "Property Rights without Transfer Rights: A Study of Indian Land Allotment," NBER Working Papers 27479, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

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