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Measuring Human Capital in Small and Medium Manufacturing Enterprises: What Matters?

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  • Muhammad Shujaat Mubarik

    (University of Malaya)

  • V. G. R. Chandran

    (University of Malaya)

  • Evelyn S. Devadason

    (University of Malaya)

Abstract

This study proposes a framework that quantifies and integrates both the tangible and intangible aspects of HC to comprehensively measure the overall level of human capital index (HCI) in small and medium manufacturing enterprises (SMEs). Data were collected from 100 SME experts through the use of questionnaires in two stages. The data collected were first, used for selection purpose, and second, for the prioritization of relevant dimensions and sub-dimensions of HC. The analytic hierarchy process was adopted to prioritize and assign dimension and sub-dimension weights to HC to derive the HCI. The results indicate that not all dimensions and sub-dimensions of HC are important for the HCI. Namely, the HCI can be best represented by 9 dimensions and 35 sub-dimensions of HC. The core dimensions are experience, skills, education, abilities and training. Indeed, within experience, the main sub-dimensions are work-related experience and organizational tenure. The results suggest the importance of experience relative to skills and education. The proposed framework can also be applied to derive industry specific HCI.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Shujaat Mubarik & V. G. R. Chandran & Evelyn S. Devadason, 2018. "Measuring Human Capital in Small and Medium Manufacturing Enterprises: What Matters?," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 137(2), pages 605-623, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:soinre:v:137:y:2018:i:2:d:10.1007_s11205-017-1601-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s11205-017-1601-9
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    13. Alzbeta Kucharcikova & Maria Durisova & Nikola Staffenova, 2024. "Implementation of the human capital management concept: an empirical study of small trading company," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-14, December.
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    17. Bambang Tjahjadi & Noorlailie Soewarno & Dewi Nabilah Anwar & Atika Fairuzi, 2024. "Effect of Human Capital and Information Capital Readiness on Business Sustainability: Do Market Orientation and Business Performance Matter?," SAGE Open, , vol. 14(1), pages 21582440231, January.
    18. Zhang, Shuyuan & Xie, Wenlan & Sun, Siying & Wu, Fan & Xue, Ying, 2024. "Nexus of green energy innovation, governance quality, and CO2 emissions in natural resource sector: The role of sustainable human development," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    19. Deheng Xiao & Shuman Dong & Jianlong Wang, 2024. "Low carbon cities pilot, executive environmental cognition, and enterprise green technology innovation," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 45(4), pages 2267-2281, June.
    20. Paula Benevene & Ilaria Buonomo & Eric Kong & Martina Pansini & Maria Luisa Farnese, 2021. "Management of Green Intellectual Capital: Evidence-Based Literature Review and Future Directions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-22, July.
    21. Lidia Valiente-Palma & María del Carmen Pérez-González, 2023. "Underemployment due to overeducation: An analysis of worker cooperatives versus conventional firms," Economic and Industrial Democracy, Department of Economic History, Uppsala University, Sweden, vol. 44(3), pages 910-932, August.
    22. Wei, Feiqiong & Han, Jiatong & Xu, Wei, 2024. "Exploring the nexus between structural capital, carbon neutrality and sustainable competitiveness: Evidence from natural resource exploitation in the post-COVID-19 era," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    23. Nazir, Sajid & Ali, Mahmood & Saeed, Munazza & Mubarik, Muhammad Shahzad & Jalil, Qasim, 2024. "Sustainable performance and disaster management in the oil and gas industry: An intellectual capital perspective," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).

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