IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jagris/v12y2022i9p1320-d898992.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Causal Linkage among Agricultural Insurance, Air Pollution, and Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity in United States: Pairwise Granger Causality Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Nihal Ahmed

    (College of Economics & Management, Northwest Agricultural & Forestry University, Xianyang 712100, China)

  • Zeeshan Hamid

    (Department of Management Sciences, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology (SZABIST), Islamabad 44791, Pakistan)

  • Farhan Mahboob

    (Department of Finance and Economics, Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Karachi 75100, Pakistan)

  • Khalil Ur Rehman

    (Institute of Business Administration, Faculty of Administrative and Management Sciences, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Sibt e Ali

    (School of Business, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China)

  • Piotr Senkus

    (Faculty of Social Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland)

  • Aneta Wysokińska-Senkus

    (Faculty of Management and Command, War Studies University, 00-001 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Paweł Siemiński

    (Department of Economics and Economic Polity in Agribusiness, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland)

  • Adam Skrzypek

    (Institute of Journalism and Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland)

Abstract

Agricultural insurance and green agriculture are strongly related. Agricultural insurance not only motivates farmers to adopt environmentally friendly production technology and enhances the effectiveness of production, but it also accomplishes the goal of lowering the number of chemicals that are put into the environment. This article investigates the dynamic relationship between agricultural insurance, air pollution, and agricultural green total factor productivity. To complete the aim, the authors used the panel auto-regressive distributed lags method (PMG method) and panel data from 50 states of the United States between 2005 and 2019. The empirical findings demonstrate a considerable co-integration and a cross-sectional reliance between agricultural insurance, air pollution, and agricultural green total factor production. Expanding agricultural insurance may boost agricultural green whole factor output but also exacerbate air pollution. However, significant air pollution does not increase agricultural production’s green total factor productivity. The panel Granger causality test shows a one-way causal relationship between agricultural insurance, green total factor productivity, and air pollution. A one-way causal relationship exists between air pollution and agricultural green total factor productivity. The author concluded that improving agricultural insurance coverage or cutting down on air pollution will boost agricultural green total factor output. These findings have long-term policy and management repercussions, particularly for those involved in agriculture policy and environmental management.

Suggested Citation

  • Nihal Ahmed & Zeeshan Hamid & Farhan Mahboob & Khalil Ur Rehman & Muhammad Sibt e Ali & Piotr Senkus & Aneta Wysokińska-Senkus & Paweł Siemiński & Adam Skrzypek, 2022. "Causal Linkage among Agricultural Insurance, Air Pollution, and Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity in United States: Pairwise Granger Causality Approach," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-17, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:9:p:1320-:d:898992
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/9/1320/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/9/1320/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hanna, Rema & Oliva, Paulina, 2015. "The effect of pollution on labor supply: Evidence from a natural experiment in Mexico City," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 68-79.
    2. Feng, Chao & Huang, Jian-Bai & Wang, Miao, 2018. "Analysis of green total-factor productivity in China's regional metal industry: A meta-frontier approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 219-229.
    3. Sueyoshi, Toshiyuki & Goto, Mika, 2014. "DEA radial measurement for environmental assessment: A comparative study between Japanese chemical and pharmaceutical firms," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 502-513.
    4. Dean Karlan & Robert Osei & Isaac Osei-Akoto & Christopher Udry, 2014. "Agricultural Decisions after Relaxing Credit and Risk Constraints," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 129(2), pages 597-652.
    5. Farrin, Katie & Miranda, Mario J., 2015. "A heterogeneous agent model of credit-linked index insurance and farm technology adoption," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 199-211.
    6. Jia, Jun-Jun & Xu, Jin-Hua & Fan, Ying, 2018. "Public acceptance of household energy-saving measures in Beijing: Heterogeneous preferences and policy implications," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 487-499.
    7. Gunnsteinsson, Snaebjorn, 2020. "Experimental identification of asymmetric information: Evidence on crop insurance in the Philippines," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    8. Kao, Chihwa, 1999. "Spurious regression and residual-based tests for cointegration in panel data," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 1-44, May.
    9. Tim J. Coelli & D. S. Prasada Rao, 2005. "Total factor productivity growth in agriculture: a Malmquist index analysis of 93 countries, 1980–2000," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 32(s1), pages 115-134, January.
    10. Joshua Graff Zivin & Matthew Neidell, 2012. "The Impact of Pollution on Worker Productivity," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 102(7), pages 3652-3673, December.
    11. Peter Pedroni, 1999. "Critical Values for Cointegration Tests in Heterogeneous Panels with Multiple Regressors," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 61(S1), pages 653-670, November.
    12. Hamit-Haggar, Mahamat, 2012. "Greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and economic growth: A panel cointegration analysis from Canadian industrial sector perspective," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 358-364.
    13. Jarita Duasa, 2007. "Determinants of Malaysian Trade Balance: An ARDL Bound Testing Approach," Global Economic Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(1), pages 89-102.
    14. Engle, Robert & Granger, Clive, 2015. "Co-integration and error correction: Representation, estimation, and testing," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 39(3), pages 106-135.
    15. Derek Headey & Mohammad Alauddin & D.S. Prasada Rao, 2010. "Explaining agricultural productivity growth: an international perspective," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 41(1), pages 1-14, January.
    16. Granger, C W J, 1969. "Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-Spectral Methods," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 37(3), pages 424-438, July.
    17. Pesaran, M. Hashem & Smith, Ron, 1995. "Estimating long-run relationships from dynamic heterogeneous panels," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 68(1), pages 79-113, July.
    18. Štefan Bojnec & Imre Fertő, 2013. "Farm income sources, farm size and farm technical efficiency in Slovenia," Post-Communist Economies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(3), pages 343-356, September.
    19. Nihal Ahmed & Adnan Ahmed Sheikh & Zeeshan Hamid & Piotr Senkus & Ricardo Cosio Borda & Aneta Wysokińska-Senkus & Waldemar Glabiszewski, 2022. "Exploring the Causal Relationship among Green Taxes, Energy Intensity, and Energy Consumption in Nordic Countries: Dumitrescu and Hurlin Causality Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-15, July.
    20. Tang, Lin & Luo, Xiaofeng, 2021. "Can agricultural insurance encourage farmers to apply biological pesticides? Evidence from rural China," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    21. Pedroni, Peter, 1999. "Critical Values for Cointegration Tests in Heterogeneous Panels with Multiple Regressors," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 61(0), pages 653-670, Special I.
    22. Mousavi-Avval, Seyed Hashem & Rafiee, Shahin & Jafari, Ali & Mohammadi, Ali, 2011. "Improving energy use efficiency of canola production using data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 2765-2772.
    23. Nihal Ahmed & Franklin Ore Areche & Adnan Ahmed Sheikh & Amine Lahiani, 2022. "Green Finance and Green Energy Nexus in ASEAN Countries: A Bootstrap Panel Causality Test," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-13, July.
    24. Peter C. B. Phillips & Bruce E. Hansen, 1990. "Statistical Inference in Instrumental Variables Regression with I(1) Processes," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 57(1), pages 99-125.
    25. Nihal Ahmed & Adnan Ahmed Sheikh & Farhan Mahboob & Muhammad Sibt e Ali & Elżbieta Jasińska & Michał Jasiński & Zbigniew Leonowicz & Alessandro Burgio, 2022. "Energy Diversification: A Friend or Foe to Economic Growth in Nordic Countries? A Novel Energy Diversification Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-15, July.
    26. Visser, Martine & Jumare, Hafsah & Brick, Kerri, 2020. "Risk preferences and poverty traps in the uptake of credit and insurance amongst small-scale farmers in South Africa," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 826-836.
    27. Mousavi-Avval, Seyed Hashem & Rafiee, Shahin & Mohammadi, Ali, 2011. "Optimization of energy consumption and input costs for apple production in Iran using data envelopment analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 909-916.
    28. Luciano Gutierrez, 2002. "On the power of panel cointegration tests: A Monte Carlo comparison. Economics Letters, 80(1):105-111," Econometrics 0211003, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 20 May 2003.
    29. Tao, Xueping & Wang, Ping & Zhu, Bangzhu, 2016. "Provincial green economic efficiency of China: A non-separable input–output SBM approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 58-66.
    30. Barry K. Goodwin & Vincent H. Smith, 2013. "What Harm Is Done By Subsidizing Crop Insurance?," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 95(2), pages 489-497.
    31. Honma, Satoshi & Hu, Jin-Li, 2014. "Industry-level total-factor energy efficiency in developed countries: A Japan-centered analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 67-78.
    32. Lu, Xin-hai & Jiang, Xu & Gong, Meng-qi, 2020. "How land transfer marketization influence on green total factor productivity from the approach of industrial structure? Evidence from China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    33. Mousavi-Avval, Seyed Hashem & Rafiee, Shahin & Jafari, Ali & Mohammadi, Ali, 2011. "Optimization of energy consumption for soybean production using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(11), pages 3765-3772.
    34. Gutierrez, Luciano, 2003. "On the power of panel cointegration tests: a Monte Carlo comparison," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 80(1), pages 105-111, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Long Qian & Yunjie Zhou & Ying Sun, 2023. "Regional Differences, Distribution Dynamics, and Convergence of the Green Total Factor Productivity of China’s Cities under the Dual Carbon Targets," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-26, August.
    2. Nihal Ahmed & Zeeshan Hamid & Khalil Ur Rehman & Piotr Senkus & Nisar Ahmed Khan & Aneta Wysokińska-Senkus & Barbara Hadryjańska, 2023. "Environmental Regulation, Fiscal Decentralization, and Agricultural Carbon Intensity: A Challenge to Ecological Sustainability Policies in the United States," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-21, March.
    3. Nihal Ahmed & Franklin Ore Areche & Dante Daniel Cruz Nieto & Ricardo Fernando Cosio Borda & Berenice Cajavilca Gonzales & Piotr Senkus & Paweł Siemiński & Adam Skrzypek, 2022. "Nexus between Cyclical Innovation in Green Technologies and CO 2 Emissions in Nordic Countries: Consent toward Environmental Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-20, September.
    4. Jiale Yan & Zhengyuan Tang & Yinuo Guan & Mingjian Xie & Yongjian Huang, 2023. "Analysis of Measurement, Regional Differences, Convergence and Dynamic Evolutionary Trends of the Green Production Level in Chinese Agriculture," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-18, October.
    5. Kirill A. Zhichkin & Vladimir V. Nosov & Lyudmila N. Zhichkina, 2023. "Agricultural Insurance, Risk Management and Sustainable Development," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-3, June.
    6. Xingling Jiang & Yong Sun & Mou Shen & Lixia Tang, 2024. "How Does Developing Green Agriculture Affect Poverty? Evidence from China’s Prefecture-Level Cities," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-16, March.
    7. Shipeng Yang & Wanxiang Xu & Yuxuan Xie & Muhammad Tayyab Sohail & Yefang Gong, 2023. "Impact of Natural Hazards on Agricultural Production Decision Making of Peasant Households: On the Basis of the Micro Survey Data of Hunan Province," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-19, March.
    8. Nihal Ahmed & Franklin Ore Areche & Guillermo Gomer Cotrina Cabello & Pedro David Córdova Trujillo & Adnan Ahmed Sheikh & Mohamad G. Abiad, 2022. "Intensifying Effects of Climate Change in Food Loss: A Threat to Food Security in Turkey," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    9. Feng Zhou & Chunhui Wen, 2023. "Research on the Level of Agricultural Green Development, Regional Disparities, and Dynamic Distribution Evolution in China from the Perspective of Sustainable Development," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-47, July.
    10. Hong Li & Weiwei Zhang & Xiao Xiao & Fei Lun & Yifu Sun & Na Sun, 2023. "Temporal and Spatial Changes of Agriculture Green Development in Beijing’s Ecological Conservation Developing Areas from 2006 to 2016," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-20, December.
    11. Haipeng Chen & Jie Zhou & Jia Liang & Dungang Zang & Martinson Ankrah Twumasi & Qianling Shen, 2023. "Study on the Impact of Air Pollution on Agricultural Export Trade," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, January.
    12. Nihal Ahmed & Adnan Ahmed Sheikh & Bilal Hassan & Sajjad Nawaz Khan & Ricardo Cosio Borda & Juan Martín Campos Huamán & Piotr Senkus, 2022. "The Role of Educating the Labor Force in Sustaining a Green Economy in MINT Countries: Panel Symmetric and Asymmetric Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-12, September.
    13. Xinxin Zhou & Tong Chen & Bangbang Zhang, 2023. "Research on the Impact of Digital Agriculture Development on Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-20, January.
    14. Linwei Wang & Yixin Hu & Rong Kong, 2023. "The Impact of Bancassurance Interaction on the Adoption Behavior of Green Production Technology in Family Farms: Evidence from China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-26, April.
    15. Shi-jie Jiang & Lilin Wang & Feiyun Xiang, 2023. "The Effect of Agriculture Insurance on Agricultural Carbon Emissions in China: The Mediation Role of Low-Carbon Technology Innovation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-20, March.
    16. Lu Zhang & Yuxin Yang & Xiaofeng Li, 2023. "Research on the Relationship between Agricultural Insurance Participation and Chemical Input in Grain Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nicos Christodoulakis & Vassilis Sarantides, 2017. "External Asymmetries in the Euro Area and the Role of Foreign Direct Investment," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(2), pages 393-423, February.
    2. Swamy, Vighneswara & Dharani, Munusamy, 2019. "The dynamics of finance-growth nexus in advanced economies," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 122-146.
    3. Herzer, Dierk, 2013. "Cross-Country Heterogeneity and the Trade-Income Relationship," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 194-211.
    4. Markus Eberhardt & Francis Teal, 2013. "No Mangoes in the Tundra: Spatial Heterogeneity in Agricultural Productivity Analysis," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 75(6), pages 914-939, December.
    5. In Choi, 2013. "Panel Cointegration," Working Papers 1208, Nam Duck-Woo Economic Research Institute, Sogang University (Former Research Institute for Market Economy).
    6. Caravaggio, Nicola, 2020. "A global empirical re-assessment of the Environmental Kuznets curve for deforestation," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    7. A. G. Zagorchev & G. Vasconcellos & Y. Bae, 2011. "The long-run relation among financial development, technology and GDP: a panel cointegration study," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(14), pages 1021-1034.
    8. Alessio Ciarlone, 2019. "The relationship between financial development and growth: the case of emerging Europe," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 521, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    9. Olivier Damette & Philippe Frouté, 2010. "Is the crisis treatment exacerbating cautiousness or risk-taking? [Le traitement de la crise génère-t-il de la prudence ou de la prise de risque ?]," Post-Print hal-02336674, HAL.
    10. Chong, Fen Nee & Liew, Venus Khim-Sen & Suhaimi, Rosita, 2016. "Does Research and Development Expenditure Co-integrate with Gross National Income of ASEAN Countries?," MPRA Paper 107981, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Dierk Herzer, 2017. "Refugee Immigration and Total Factor Productivity," International Economic Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(3), pages 390-414, July.
    12. Mohammad Mafizur Rahman & Xuan-Binh (Benjamin) Vu & Son Nghiem, 2022. "Economic Growth in Six ASEAN Countries: Are Energy, Human Capital and Financial Development Playing Major Roles?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-17, April.
    13. Megumi Kubota, "undated". "Real Exchange Rate Misalignments: Theoretical Modelling and Empirical Evidence," Discussion Papers 09/24, Department of Economics, University of York.
    14. Salahuddin, Mohammad & Gow, Jeff, 2014. "Economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions in Gulf Cooperation Council countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 44-58.
    15. Dierk Herzer, 2016. "Unions and Income Inequality: A Heterogeneous Panel Co-integration and Causality Analysis," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 30(3), pages 318-346, September.
    16. Taner Akan & Halil İbrahim Gündüz & Tara Vanlı & Ahmet Baran Zeren & Ali Haydar Işık & Tamerlan Mashadihasanli, 2023. "Why are some countries cleaner than others? New evidence from macroeconomic governance," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(7), pages 6167-6223, July.
    17. Salahuddin, Mohammad & Gow, Jeff & Ozturk, Ilhan, 2015. "Is the long-run relationship between economic growth, electricity consumption, carbon dioxide emissions and financial development in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries robust?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 317-326.
    18. Mohd Irfan & Muhammad Shahbaz, 2022. "Low-carbon energy strategies and financial development in developing economies: investigating long-run influence of credit and equity market development," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 27(4), pages 1-26, April.
    19. Florian Verheyen, 2015. "The role of non-price determinants for export demand," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 107-125, March.
    20. Ana G. Bus y José L. Nicolini-Llosa, 2015. "La renta diferencial agrícola en Argentina en 1986-2008, con datos de panel y co-integración," Económica, Departamento de Economía, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, vol. 61, pages 53-79, January-D.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:9:p:1320-:d:898992. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.