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Stärkung der Unabhängigkeit des Wirtschaftsstandortes Österreich bei kritischen Produkten

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  • Michael Klien
  • Michael Böheim

    (WIFO)

  • Matthias Firgo
  • Andreas Reinstaller
  • Peter Reschenhofer
  • Yvonne Wolfmayr

Abstract

Die COVID-19-Pandemie, aber auch die zunehmenden geopolitischen Spannungen haben der Frage nach einer Rückverlagerung der Produktion von "kritischen Produkten" neues Gewicht verliehen. Wie die Analyse zeigt, ist die Importabhängigkeit Österreichs sowohl bei COVID-relevanten Produkten als auch bei Schlüsseltechnologien auf einige wenige Bereiche begrenzt – das Gros der kritischen Güter stammt von Handelspartnern innerhalb der EU. Für die verbliebenen Bereiche identifiziert die Studie inwieweit die jeweiligen Güter zur österreichischen Industriestruktur passen (technologische Nähe, Wettbewerbsfähigkeit), was eine mögliche nationale Produktion erleichtern würde. Des Weiteren wird in einer regionalen Analyse untersucht, in welchen Bundesländern günstige Ausgangsvoraussetzungen für eine Produktionsansiedelung der unterschiedlichen kritischen Güter bestehen. Zuletzt wird deutlich, dass der Staat als zentraler Anbieter von Gesundheitsleistungen einen großen Nachfragehebel bei vielen COVID-relevanten Produkten hat, und daher in einigen Bereichen direkten Einfluss auf die Wertschöpfungsketten nehmen könnte.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Klien & Michael Böheim & Matthias Firgo & Andreas Reinstaller & Peter Reschenhofer & Yvonne Wolfmayr, 2021. "Stärkung der Unabhängigkeit des Wirtschaftsstandortes Österreich bei kritischen Produkten," WIFO Research Briefs 9, WIFO.
    • Handle: RePEc:wfo:rbrief:y:2021:i:9
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