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Shaped by Urban-Rural Divide and Skill: the Drivers of Internal Mobility in Italy

Author

Listed:
  • Angela S. Bergantino

    (Department of Economics, Management and Business Law, University of Bari, Italy & Laboratory of Applied Economics (LEA), Italy.)

  • Antonello Clemente

    (Department of Economics, Management and Business Law, University of Bari, Italy & Laboratory of Applied Economics (LEA), Italy)

  • Stefano Iandolo

    (Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Salerno, Italy)

  • Riccardo Turati

    (Dep Applied Economics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain & IZA, Germany & RFBerlin, Germany)

Abstract

This paper examines the evolution and determinants of skill-specific internal mobility among Italian citizens by urban–rural origin. Using administrative data from the Registry of Trans- fer of Residence (ADELE), which records the universe of skill-specific bilateral moves across more than 700 millions potential municipality pairs between 2012 and 2022, we document distinct trends in residential mobility for college-educated and non-college-educated citi- zens. We then assess the role of economic and non-economic factors in shaping these flows, employing a Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator with an extensive set of destination and origin-by-nest fixed effects. Our findings show that low-skilled movers respond more strongly to economic factors, while high-skilled movers are respond more to non-economic ones, with the urban–rural divide at origin amplifying these differences. More- over, we find that after the COVID-19 pandemic, economic drivers became less relevant, whereas non-economic factors gained importance. Overall, this study highlights that, simi- lar to international migration, the drivers of internal mobility are inherently skill-specific.

Suggested Citation

  • Angela S. Bergantino & Antonello Clemente & Stefano Iandolo & Riccardo Turati, 2025. "Shaped by Urban-Rural Divide and Skill: the Drivers of Internal Mobility in Italy," Working Papers wpdea2513, Department of Applied Economics at Universitat Autonoma of Barcelona.
    • Handle: RePEc:uab:wprdea:wpdea2513
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