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Mesurer la pauvreté et les inégalités dans un modèle d'équilibre général calculable

Author

Listed:
  • Decaluwé, Bernard
  • Dumont, Jean-Christophe
  • Savard, Luc

Abstract

Ce papier vise à évaluer la pertinence des différents types de modélisation macro- économique en équilibre général pour mesurer l'impact des chocs de politique économique sur l'incidence de la pauvreté et la distribution du revenu. Dans la littérature on peut identifier trois types d'exercices. Le premier repose sur une forme traditionnelle de MEGC spécifiant un grand nombre de ménages. Dans ce cadre on peut seulement observer les inégalités de revenu inter groupe. Le suivant utilise des données d'enquête pour estimer la fonction de distribution et lui applique les variations moyennes par groupe, ce qui permet d'estimer l'évolution de la pauvreté. Le dernier enfin, que nous présentons plus en détail, inclus les données individuelles directement dans le modèle d'équilibre général selon le principe des micro simulations. Cette approche donne une image plus fidèle de la distribution de revenu mais est également plus complexe à mettre en œuvre. Dans cette perspective, nous développons les trois types de modélisation précédemment décrits, dans un cadre statistique coordonné représentant une économie archétype. Plus précisément, cet exercice nous permet de décomposer la contribution des variations de revenu moyen, de la ligne de pauvreté et des distributions de revenu dans l'évolution des principaux indicateurs de pauvreté. Les résultats obtenus démontrent l'importance des informations intra groupe et donc la pertinence des exercices de micro simulation.

Suggested Citation

  • Decaluwé, Bernard & Dumont, Jean-Christophe & Savard, Luc, 1999. "Mesurer la pauvreté et les inégalités dans un modèle d'équilibre général calculable," Cahiers de recherche 9920, Université Laval - Département d'économique.
  • Handle: RePEc:lvl:laeccr:9920
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Atkinson, A B, 1987. "On the Measurement of Poverty," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 55(4), pages 749-764, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Xiao-Guang, 2015. "Incorporating household survey data into a CGE model," Conference papers 332628, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    2. Dunem, João E. Van & Arndt, Channing, 2006. "Confronting the Issue of the Elasticity of Customs Evasion in Mozambique: An Empirical Study," Conference papers 331494, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    3. Dorothee Boccanfuso & Antonio Estache & Luc Savard, 2011. "The Intra-country Distributional Impact of Policies to Fight Climate Change: A Survey," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(1), pages 97-117.
    4. Pereira, Matheus W. Gomes & Teixeira, Erly Cardoso & Gurgel, Ângelo Costa, 2009. "Economic Loss to the Brazilian Regions Due to the Doha Round Failure," Conference papers 331848, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    5. Dorothée Boccanfuso & Luc Savard, 2011. "The Food Crisis and its Impacts on Poverty in Senegal and Mali: Crossed Destinies," Development Policy Review, Overseas Development Institute, vol. 29(2), pages 211-247, March.
    6. Delphine Boutin, 2011. "D’une crise à l’autre : Mesurer l’impact des prix alimentaires sur la pauvreté," Larefi Working Papers 1106, Larefi, Université Bordeaux 4.
    7. Cororaton, Caesar B. & Cockburn, John, 2007. "Trade reform and poverty--Lessons from the Philippines: A CGE-microsimulation analysis," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 141-163.
    8. Delphine Boutin, 2011. "D'une crise à l'autre : mesurer l'impact des prix alimentaires sur la pauvreté," Working Papers hal-00637608, HAL.
    9. Samir Cury & Euclides Pedrozo, 2016. "Cash Transfer Policies, Taxation and the Fall in Inequality in Brazil An Integrated Microsimulation-CGE Analysis [equilibrium model, microsimulation model, Brazil. Classification-JEL: C68, D58, I38," International Journal of Microsimulation, International Microsimulation Association, vol. 9(1), pages 55-85.
    10. Rana HENDY & Chahir ZAKI, 2009. "Rethinking the Redistribution Effects of Trade Liberalization in Egypt : A Microsimulation Analysis," Working Papers 2009-23, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics.
    11. Jean-Marc Montaud, 2003. "Dotations en capital et pauvreté des ménages au Burkina Faso : une approche en Equilibre Général Calculable," Post-Print hal-01885321, HAL.
    12. Jean, Sebastien & Laborde, David & Martin, Will, 2005. "Sensitive Products: Selection and Implications for Agricultural Trade Negotiations," Conference papers 331439, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    13. Delphine Boutin, 2011. "D’une crise à l’autre : Mesurer l’impact des prix alimentaires sur la pauvreté," Larefi Working Papers 201106, Larefi, Université Bordeaux 4.
    14. Veenendaal, Paul J.J., 2007. "The EU-ETS and existing energy taxes," Conference papers 331606, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    15. Dorothee Boccanfuso & Luc Savard, 2008. "Groundnut Sector Liberalization in Senegal: A Multi-household CGE Analysis," Oxford Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(2), pages 159-186.
    16. Dorothée Boccanfuso & Bernard Decaluwé & Luc Savard, 2003. "Poverty, Income Distribution and CGE Modeling: Does the Functional Form of Distribution Matter?," Cahiers de recherche 0332, CIRPEE.
    17. Boccanfuso, Dorothée & Cabral, François & Cissé, Fatou & Diagne, Abdoulaye & Savard, Luc, 2007. "Stratégies de réduction de la pauvreté au Sénégal : une analyse par la modélisation en équilibre général calculable microsimulé," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 83(4), pages 483-528, décembre.
    18. John Cockburn & Hélène Maisonnave & Véronique Robichaud & Luca Tiberti, 2013. "Fiscal Space and Public Spending on Children in Burkina Faso," Cahiers de recherche 1308, CIRPEE.
    19. Jean-Marc Montaud, 2003. "Dotations en capital et pauvreté des ménages au Burkina Faso : une analyse en Équilibre Général Calculable," Revue d’économie du développement, De Boeck Université, vol. 11(1), pages 43-71.
    20. Clements, Kenneth & Mariano, Marc Jim & Verikios, George, 2022. "Expenditure patterns, heterogeneity, and long-term structural change," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    21. Colombo, Giulia, 2008. "Linking CGE and Microsimulation Models: A Comparison of Different Approaches," ZEW Discussion Papers 08-054, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    22. D. Boccanfuso & F. Cabral & F. Cissé & A. Diagne & L. Savard, 2003. "Pauvreté et distribution de revenus au Sénégal: une approche par la modélisation en équilibre général calculable micro-simulé," Cahiers de recherche 0333, CIRPEE.
    23. Botero García, Jesús Alonso & Correa Giraldo, Manuel, 2016. "Fiscal Policy and Inequality in a CGE Model for Colombia," Conference papers 332811, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    24. Dorothée Boccanfuso & Antonio Estache & Luc Savard, 2008. "Distributional impact of global warming environmental policies: A survey," Cahiers de recherche 08-14, Departement d'économique de l'École de gestion à l'Université de Sherbrooke.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Modèles d'Équilibre Général; Micro simulation; Pauvreté; Inégalité;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D58 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution

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