IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/taf/applec/v47y2015i16p1710-1721.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Testing for weak-form efficiency of crude palm oil spot and future markets: new evidence from a GARCH unit root test with multiple structural breaks

Author

Listed:
  • Hooi Hooi Lean
  • Russell Smyth

Abstract

There is a sizeable literature that tests for weak-form efficiency in commodity and energy spot and future prices. While many studies now allow for multiple structural breaks to address the criticism that conventional unit root tests have low power to reject the unit root null in the presence of structural change, the extant literature overlooks the fact that conventional unit root tests are biased in the presence of conditional heteroscedasticity. We apply a recently developed generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) unit root test with multiple structural breaks to crude palm oil spot and future prices and find much more evidence against weak-form efficiency than that found using tests that fail to allow for conditional heteroscedasticity. Our results point to the importance of allowing for heteroscedasticity when testing for efficiency in commodity and energy spot and future prices.

Suggested Citation

  • Hooi Hooi Lean & Russell Smyth, 2015. "Testing for weak-form efficiency of crude palm oil spot and future markets: new evidence from a GARCH unit root test with multiple structural breaks," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(16), pages 1710-1721, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:applec:v:47:y:2015:i:16:p:1710-1721
    DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2014.1002905
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00036846.2014.1002905
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1080/00036846.2014.1002905?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to look for a different version below or search for a different version of it.

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Apostolos Serletis, 2007. "Unit Root Behavior in Energy Futures Prices," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Quantitative And Empirical Analysis Of Energy Markets, chapter 1, pages 7-14, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    2. Ankita Mishra & Vinod Mishra & Russell Smyth, 2015. "The Random-Walk Hypothesis on the Indian Stock Market," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(5), pages 879-892, September.
    3. John Elder & Apostolos Serletis, 2008. "Long memory in energy futures prices," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(2), pages 146-155.
    4. Jiang, Zhi-Qiang & Xie, Wen-Jie & Zhou, Wei-Xing, 2014. "Testing the weak-form efficiency of the WTI crude oil futures market," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 405(C), pages 235-244.
    5. Junsoo Lee & Mark C. Strazicich, 2003. "Minimum Lagrange Multiplier Unit Root Test with Two Structural Breaks," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 85(4), pages 1082-1089, November.
    6. Burton G. Malkiel, 2003. "The Efficient Market Hypothesis and Its Critics," Working Papers 111, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Center for Economic Policy Studies..
    7. Fama, Eugene F, 1991. "Efficient Capital Markets: II," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 46(5), pages 1575-1617, December.
    8. Burton G. Malkiel, 2003. "The Efficient Market Hypothesis and Its Critics," Working Papers 111, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Center for Economic Policy Studies..
    9. Maslyuk, Svetlana & Smyth, Russell, 2008. "Unit root properties of crude oil spot and futures prices," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 2591-2600, July.
    10. repec:pri:cepsud:91malkiel is not listed on IDEAS
    11. Presno, María José & Landajo, Manuel & Fernández, Paula, 2014. "Non-renewable resource prices: A robust evaluation from the stationarity perspective," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 394-416.
    12. Fama, Eugene F, 1970. "Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 25(2), pages 383-417, May.
    13. Paresh Kumar Narayan & Stephan Popp, 2013. "Size and power properties of structural break unit root tests," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(6), pages 721-728, February.
    14. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Lee, Jun-De, 2009. "Energy prices, multiple structural breaks, and efficient market hypothesis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(4), pages 466-479, April.
    15. Wade, Robert, 1998. "The Asian debt-and-development crisis of 1997-?: Causes and consequences," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 26(8), pages 1535-1553, August.
    16. John Elder & Hyun J. Jin, 2009. "Fractional Integration in Commodity Futures Returns," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 44(4), pages 583-602, November.
    17. Lee, Junsoo & List, John A. & Strazicich, Mark C., 2006. "Non-renewable resource prices: Deterministic or stochastic trends?," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 51(3), pages 354-370, May.
    18. Kim, Kiwhan & Schmidt, Peter, 1993. "Unit root tests with conditional heteroskedasticity," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 59(3), pages 287-300, October.
    19. Michael Fleming & Asani Sarkar, 1999. "Liquidity in U.S. Treasury Spot and Futures Markets," CGFS Papers chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Market Liquidity: Research Findings and Selected Policy Implications, volume 11, pages 1-14, Bank for International Settlements.
    20. Robin L. Lumsdaine & David H. Papell, 1997. "Multiple Trend Breaks And The Unit-Root Hypothesis," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 79(2), pages 212-218, May.
    21. Perron, Pierre, 1989. "The Great Crash, the Oil Price Shock, and the Unit Root Hypothesis," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 57(6), pages 1361-1401, November.
    22. Paresh Kumar Narayan & Stephan Popp, 2010. "A new unit root test with two structural breaks in level and slope at unknown time," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(9), pages 1425-1438.
    23. Sadorsky, Perry, 1999. "Oil price shocks and stock market activity," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 21(5), pages 449-469, October.
    24. Burton G. Malkiel, 2003. "The Efficient Market Hypothesis and Its Critics," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 17(1), pages 59-82, Winter.
    25. Fernandez, Viviana, 2010. "Commodity futures and market efficiency: A fractional integrated approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 276-282, December.
    26. Yudong Wang & Chongfeng Wu, 2013. "Efficiency of Crude Oil Futures Markets: New Evidence from Multifractal Detrending Moving Average Analysis," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 42(4), pages 393-414, December.
    27. Kian‐Ping Lim & Robert Brooks, 2011. "The Evolution Of Stock Market Efficiency Over Time: A Survey Of The Empirical Literature," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(1), pages 69-108, February.
    28. Ozdemir, Zeynel Abidin & Gokmenoglu, Korhan & Ekinci, Cagdas, 2013. "Persistence in crude oil spot and futures prices," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 29-37.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. João Paulo Vieito & Wing-Keung Wong & Zhen-Zhen Zhu, 2016. "Could the global financial crisis improve the performance of the G7 stocks markets?," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(12), pages 1066-1080, March.
    2. Adewuyi, Adeolu O. & Wahab, Bashir A. & Adeboye, Olusegun S., 2020. "Stationarity of prices of precious and industrial metals using recent unit root methods: Implications for markets’ efficiency," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    3. Ma, Feng & Liu, Jing & Huang, Dengshi & Chen, Wang, 2017. "Forecasting the oil futures price volatility: A new approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 560-566.
    4. Liu, Jing & Wei, Yu & Ma, Feng & Wahab, M.I.M., 2017. "Forecasting the realized range-based volatility using dynamic model averaging approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 12-26.
    5. Hooi Hooi Lean & Vinod Mishra & Russell Smyth, 2016. "Conditional convergence in US disaggregated petroleum consumption at the sector level," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(32), pages 3049-3061, July.
    6. Jawadi, Fredj & Ftiti, Zied & Hdia, Mouna, 2017. "Assessing efficiency and investment opportunities in commodities: A time series and portfolio simulations approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 567-588.
    7. You-How Go & Wee-Yeap Lau, 2017. "The Relationship of Crude Palm Oil Spot-Futures under Inflationary Expectation in Gold Market," Capital Markets Review, Malaysian Finance Association, vol. 25(1), pages 43-62.
    8. Hooi Hooi Lean & Vinod Mishra & Russell Smyth, 2015. "Is investing in Islamic stocks profitable? Evidence from the Dow Jones Islamic market indexes," Monash Economics Working Papers 33-15, Monash University, Department of Economics.
    9. Auer, Benjamin R., 2016. "How does Germany's green energy policy affect electricity market volatility? An application of conditional autoregressive range models," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 621-628.
    10. Katarzyna Czech & Łukasz Pietrych, 2021. "The Efficiency of the Polish Zloty Exchange Rate Market: The Uncovered Interest Parity and Fractal Analysis Approaches," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-17, August.
    11. Perera, Devmali & Białkowski, Jędrzej & Bohl, Martin T., 2020. "Does the tea market require a futures contract? Evidence from the Sri Lankan tea market," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    12. Manuel Landajo & María José Presno & Paula Fernández González, 2021. "Stationarity in the Prices of Energy Commodities. A Nonparametric Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-16, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mishra, Vinod & Smyth, Russell, 2016. "Are natural gas spot and futures prices predictable?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 178-186.
    2. Vinod Mishra & Russell Smyth, 2014. "Unit root properties of natural gas spot and futures prices: The relevance of heteroskedasticity in high frequency data," Monash Economics Working Papers 20-14, Monash University, Department of Economics.
    3. repec:idn:journl:v:1:y:2019:i:sp1:p:1-26 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Stéphane Goutte & David Guerreiro & Bilel Sanhaji & Sophie Saglio & Julien Chevallier, 2019. "International Financial Markets," Post-Print halshs-02183053, HAL.
    5. Yaya, OlaOluwa Simon & Gil-Alana, Luis Alberiko & Carcel, Hector, 2015. "Testing fractional persistence and non-linearities in the natural gas market: An application of non-linear deterministic terms based on Chebyshev polynomials in time," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(PA), pages 240-245.
    6. Coskun, Yener & Seven, Unal, 2016. "Etkin Piyasalar Hipotezi ve BİST’in Zayıf Form Etkinlik Analizi (Book Chapter) [Efficient Market Hypothesis and Weak Form Efficiency Analysis of Borsa Istanbul (Book Chapter)]," MPRA Paper 80263, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. G. Sheelapriya & R. Murugesan, 2014. "Random walk analysis with multiple structural breaks: Case study in emerging market of S&P BSE sectoral indices stocks," Asian Journal of Empirical Research, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 4(11), pages 503-513, November.
    8. Sensoy, Ahmet & Hacihasanoglu, Erk, 2014. "Time-varying long range dependence in energy futures markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 318-327.
    9. Alper Kara & Dilem Yildirim & G. Ipek Tunc, 2023. "Market efficiency in non-renewable resource markets: evidence from stationarity tests with structural changes," Mineral Economics, Springer;Raw Materials Group (RMG);Luleå University of Technology, vol. 36(2), pages 279-290, June.
    10. Bernard Njindan Iyke, 2019. "A Test Of The Efficiency Of The Foreign Exchange Market In Indonesia," Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking, Bank Indonesia, vol. 21(12th BMEB), pages 439-464, January.
    11. Hooi Hooi Lean & Vinod Mishra & Russell Smyth, 2015. "Is investing in Islamic stocks profitable? Evidence from the Dow Jones Islamic market indexes," Monash Economics Working Papers 33-15, Monash University, Department of Economics.
    12. Ozdemir, Zeynel Abidin & Gokmenoglu, Korhan & Ekinci, Cagdas, 2013. "Persistence in crude oil spot and futures prices," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 29-37.
    13. Narayan, Paresh Kumar & Liu, Ruipeng & Westerlund, Joakim, 2016. "A GARCH model for testing market efficiency," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 121-138.
    14. Paresh Kumar Narayan & Russell Smyth, 2005. "Are OECD stock prices characterized by a random walk? Evidence from sequential trend break and panel data models," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(8), pages 547-556.
    15. Hooi Hooi Lean & Vinod Mishra & Russell Smyth, 2016. "Conditional convergence in US disaggregated petroleum consumption at the sector level," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(32), pages 3049-3061, July.
    16. Mishra, Vinod & Smyth, Russell, 2014. "Is monthly US natural gas consumption stationary? New evidence from a GARCH unit root test with structural breaks," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 258-262.
    17. Alper Kara & Dilem Yıldırım & Gül İpek Tunç, 2021. "Market Efficiency In Non-Renewable Resource Markets: Evidence From Stationarity Tests With Structural Changes," ERC Working Papers 2103, ERC - Economic Research Center, Middle East Technical University, revised Apr 2021.
    18. Ghoshray, Atanu & Johnson, Ben, 2010. "Trends in world energy prices," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(5), pages 1147-1156, September.
    19. Kristoufek, Ladislav & Vosvrda, Miloslav, 2014. "Commodity futures and market efficiency," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 50-57.
    20. Kenichi Hirayama & Akihiko Noda, 2020. "Evaluating the Financial Market Function in Prewar Japan using a Time-Varying Parameter Model," Papers 2008.00860, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2021.
    21. Maslyuk, Svetlana & Smyth, Russell, 2008. "Unit root properties of crude oil spot and futures prices," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 2591-2600, July.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:taf:applec:v:47:y:2015:i:16:p:1710-1721. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Chris Longhurst (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.tandfonline.com/RAEC20 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.