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Investing in school readiness: A comparison of different early childhood education pathways in rural Indonesia

Author

Listed:
  • Nakajima, Nozomi
  • Hasan, Amer
  • Jung, Haeil
  • Brinkman, Sally
  • Pradhan, Menno
  • Kinnell, Angela

Abstract

This paper documents that children in rural Indonesia participate in a great variety of early childhood education pathways. Three key factors predict early education pathways: household wealth, mother’s education, and the quality of available services. We also find that children who enrolled in playgroup programs at age 3–4 followed by kindergarten programs at age 5–6 scored significantly higher on primary school tests than those enrolled only in playgroup programs or only in kindergarten programs. This suggests that the sequence of these pathways is important for future learning. We also provide illustrative estimates of the cost-effectiveness of different pathways.

Suggested Citation

  • Nakajima, Nozomi & Hasan, Amer & Jung, Haeil & Brinkman, Sally & Pradhan, Menno & Kinnell, Angela, 2019. "Investing in school readiness: A comparison of different early childhood education pathways in rural Indonesia," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 22-38.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:injoed:v:69:y:2019:i:c:p:22-38
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2019.05.009
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Flavio Cunha & James J. Heckman & Susanne M. Schennach, 2010. "Estimating the Technology of Cognitive and Noncognitive Skill Formation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 78(3), pages 883-931, May.
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    6. Milagros Nores & Steven W. Barnett, 2012. "Benefits of Early Childhood Interventions Across the World: (Under) Investing in the Very Young," Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 1, pages 200-228.
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    8. Sally Anne Brinkman & Amer Hasan & Haeil Jung & Angela Kinnell & Menno Pradhan, 2017. "The Impact of Expanding Access to Early Childhood Education Services in Rural Indonesia," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 35(S1), pages 305-335.
    9. Singh, Abhijeet, 2015. "Private school effects in urban and rural India: Panel estimates at primary and secondary school ages," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 16-32.
    10. Brinkman,Sally Anne & Hasan,Amer & Jung,Haeil & Kinnell,Angela & Pradhan,Menno Prasad, 2015. "The impact of expanding access to early childhood services in rural Indonesia : evidence from two cohorts of children," Policy Research Working Paper Series 7372, The World Bank.
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    Cited by:

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • I25 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Economic Development
    • D61 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis

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