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The real effects of bank distress: Evidence from bank bailouts in Germany

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  • Bersch, Johannes
  • Degryse, Hans
  • Kick, Thomas
  • Stein, Ingrid

Abstract

How does bank distress impact their customers' probability of default and trade credit availability? We address this question by looking at a unique sample of German firms from 2000 to 2011. We follow their firm-bank relationships through times of distress and crisis, featuring the different transmission of bank distress shocks into already weakened firm balance sheets. We find that a distressed bank bailout, which is subject to restructuring and deleveraging conditions, leads to a bank-induced increase of firms' probabilities of default. Moreover, bailouts tend to reduce trade credit availability and ultimately firms' sales. We further find that the direction and magnitude of the effects depends on firm quality and the relationship orientation of banks.

Suggested Citation

  • Bersch, Johannes & Degryse, Hans & Kick, Thomas & Stein, Ingrid, 2019. "The real effects of bank distress: Evidence from bank bailouts in Germany," Discussion Papers 38/2019, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:bubdps:382019
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    2. Diegmann, André & Pohlan, Laura & Weber, Andrea, 2024. "Do Politicians Affect Firm Outcomes? Evidence from Connections to the German Federal Parliament," IZA Discussion Papers 17031, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Spatareanu, Mariana & Manole, Vlad & Kabiri, Ali & Roland, Isabelle, 2023. "Bank default risk propagation along supply chains: evidence from the U.K," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 117351, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    4. Bastian Krieger & Malte Prüfer & Linus Strecke, 2024. "Public procurement can hinder innovation," Working Papers of Department of Management, Strategy and Innovation, Leuven 739379, KU Leuven, Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB), Department of Management, Strategy and Innovation, Leuven.
    5. Kick, Thomas & Malinkovich, Swetlana & Merkl, Christian, 2020. "Loan supply and bank capital: A micro-macro linkage," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    6. Pacelli, Vincenzo & Di Tommaso, Caterina & Foglia, Matteo & Povia, Maria Melania, 2025. "Spillover effects between energy uncertainty and financial risk in the Eurozone banking sector," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    7. Borsuk, Marcin & Kowalewski, Oskar & Qi, Jianping, 2023. "The dark side of bank taxes," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    8. Ali Kabiri & Vlad Malone & Isabelle Roland & Mariana Spatareanu, 2020. "Bank default risk propagation along supply chains: evidence from the UK," CEP Discussion Papers dp1699, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    9. Bastian Krieger & Maikel Pellens & Knut Blind & Sonia Gruber & Torben Schubert, 2021. "Are firms withdrawing from basic research? An analysis of firm-level publication behaviour in Germany," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 126(12), pages 9677-9698, December.
    10. Dinger, Valeriya & Schmidt, Christian & Theissen, Erik, 2024. "The real effects of distressed bank mergers," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    11. Berger, Allen N. & Molyneux, Phil & Wilson, John O.S., 2020. "Banks and the real economy: An assessment of the research," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    12. Kabiri, Ali & Malone, Vlad & Roland, Isabelle Angeline Madeleine & Spatareanu, Mariana, 2020. "Bank default risk propagation along supply chains: evidence from the UK," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 121832, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    13. Philipp Meinen & Ana Cristina Soares, 2022. "Markups and Financial Shocks," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 132(647), pages 2471-2499.
    14. Silvia Del Prete & Cristina Demma & Iconio Garrì & Marco Piazza & Giovanni Soggia, 2022. "The heterogeneous effects of bank mergers and acquisitions on credit to firms: evidence from Italian macro-regions," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1382, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    15. Mariana Spatareanu & Vlad Manole & Ali Kabiri & Isabelle Roland, 2021. "Bank Default Risk Propagation along Supply Chains: Evidence from the U.K," Working Papers Rutgers University, Newark 2021-001, Department of Economics, Rutgers University, Newark.
    16. Spatareanu, Mariana & Manole, Vlad & Kabiri, Ali & Roland, Isabelle, 2023. "Bank default risk propagation along supply chains: Evidence from the U.K," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 813-831.
    17. Spatareanu, M. & Manole, V. & Kabiri, A. & Roland, I., 2020. "Bank Default Risk Propagation along Supply Chains: Evidence from the U.K," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 2058, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    bank distress; bank risk channel; firm risk channel; relationship banking; firmdefaults; financial crisis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G24 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Investment Banking; Venture Capital; Brokerage
    • G33 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Bankruptcy; Liquidation

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