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Bank Market Power and Interest Rate Setting: Why Consolidated Banking Data Matte
[Pouvoir de marché des banques et fixation des taux d’intérêt : de l’importance de prendre en compte les données bancaires sur base consolidée]

Author

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  • Théo Nicolas.

Abstract

The literature on the effects of bank market power on access to credit has produced many results that are sometimes contradictory. Yet, all of these studies are based on unconsolidated data that ignore the national market power of banking groups. This results in an underestimation bias that this paper proposes to correct. Using a panel of more than 55,000 French firms covering the period 2006–2017, I consider a set of structural and non-structural measures of bank market power both at the unconsolidated and consolidated levels. My results strongly support the market power hypothesis which emphasizes the virtues of competition on interest rate setting. I find that bank market power increases the interest rate charged, but only when using my consolidated measures. This effect is stronger for small and risky firms and is concentrated on long-term loans. My findings highlight the need to take into account the capital linkages of subsidiaries within the same banking group in order to fully assess the implications of bank market power. Yet, the vices of greater bank market power need to be put into perspective with its costs and benefits on financial stability, which goes beyond the cost of this paper La littérature sur l’effet du pouvoir de marché des banques sur l'accès au crédit des entreprises a abouti à des résultats parfois contradictoires. Toutefois, cet article montre que les mesures traditionnelles du pouvoir de marché des banques sont toutes problématiques car elles s’appuient sur des données non consolidées et ignorent par la même le pouvoir de marché national des groupes bancaires. Il en résulte une sous-estimation que je propose de corriger. En utilisant un panel de plus de 55 000 entreprises françaises couvrant la période 2006-2017, je considère un ensemble de mesures structurelles et non structurelles du pouvoir de marché des banques à la fois au niveau non consolidé et consolidé. Mes résultats corroborent l’hypothèse du pouvoir de marché bancaire qui met en avant les vertus de la concurrence sur la fixation des taux d'intérêt. Alors que les mesures non consolidées du pouvoir de marché des banques n'affectent pas le coût du crédit, je constate que les mesures consolidées augmentent le taux d'intérêt pratiqué. Cet effet est plus fort pour les petites entreprises et les entreprises risquées et se concentre sur les prêts à long terme. Ces résultats soulignent la nécessité de prendre en compte les liens capitalistiques des filiales issues d’un même groupe bancaire pour évaluer pleinement les implications du pouvoir de marché des banques. Les avantages d'un plus grand pouvoir de marché des banques doivent toutefois être mis en perspective avec les coûts et les avantages pour la stabilité financière, ce qui dépasse le cadre de cette recherche.

Suggested Citation

  • Théo Nicolas., 2023. "Bank Market Power and Interest Rate Setting: Why Consolidated Banking Data Matte [Pouvoir de marché des banques et fixation des taux d’intérêt : de l’importance de prendre en compte les données ban," Débats économiques et financiers 40, Banque de France.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:decfin:40
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Cost of Credit; Bank Competition; Bank Concentration; Relationship Lending.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E43 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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