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Non-bank financial intermediaries and financial stability

Author

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  • Sirio Aramonte
  • Andreas Schrimpf
  • Hyun Song Shin

Abstract

The heft of non-bank financial intermediaries (NBFIs) in the financial system has grown significantly after the Great Financial Crisis of 2008. This paper reviews structural shifts in intermediation and how NBFIs have shaped the demand and supply of liquidity in financial markets. We then lay out a framework for the key channels of systemic-risk propagation in the presence of NBFIs, emphasising the central role of leverage fluctuations through changes in margins. The debt capacity of an investor is increasing in the debt capacity of other investors in the system, so that leverage enables greater leverage, and spikes in margins can lead to system-wide deleveraging. In our framework, deleveraging and `dash for cash' scenarios (as during the Covid-19 crisis) emerge as two sides of the same coin, rather than being two distinct channels of stress propagation. These findings have implications for the design of NBFI regulations and of central bank backstops.

Suggested Citation

  • Sirio Aramonte & Andreas Schrimpf & Hyun Song Shin, 2021. "Non-bank financial intermediaries and financial stability," BIS Working Papers 972, Bank for International Settlements.
    • Handle: RePEc:bis:biswps:972
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    2. Chari, Anusha & Dilts-Stedman, Karlye & Forbes, Kristin, 2022. "Spillovers at the extremes: The macroprudential stance and vulnerability to the global financial cycle," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    3. Scheicher, Martin, 2023. "Intermediation in US and EU bond and swap markets: stylised facts, trends and impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis in March 2020," ESRB Occasional Paper Series 24, European Systemic Risk Board.
    4. Gaffney, Edward & Hennessy, Christina & McCann, Feargal, 2022. "Non-bank mortgage lending in Ireland: recent developments and macroprudential considerations," Financial Stability Notes 3/FS/22, Central Bank of Ireland.
    5. Jukonis, Audrius & Letizia, Elisa & Rousová, Linda, 2022. "The impact of derivatives collateralisation on liquidity risk: evidence from the investment fund sector," Working Paper Series 2756, European Central Bank.
    6. Kirstin Hubrich & Daniel F. Waggoner, 2022. "The transmission of financial shocks and leverage of financial institutions: An endogenous regime switching framework," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2022-034, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    7. Jukonis, Audrius, 2022. "Evaluating market risk from leveraged derivative exposures," Working Paper Series 2722, European Central Bank.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    financial intermediation; non-banks; market-based finance; market liquidity; systemic risk;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G22 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Insurance; Insurance Companies; Actuarial Studies
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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