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Comportamiento de los salarios reales en Colombia: Un análisis de convergencia condicional, 1984-2009

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  • Luis Armando Galvis

Abstract

La hipótesis de la convergencia ha sido estudiada en Colombia empleando PIB per cápita, ingreso, depósitos bancarios per cápita, entre otros. En este trabajo se utilizan los salarios pues éstos son una mejor medida del el ingreso en las regiones del país y tiene una relación más directa con el nivel de vida que las variables como el PIB per cápita. Por eso, el trabajo proporciona una visión más amplia de las disparidades y la convergencia en la distribución de los ingresos en el país. Se utilizan las encuestas de hogares de 1984 a 2009, para obtener los salarios de los empleados del sector privado. Con esta información se evalúa la convergencia sigma condicional y no condicional. Esta última se lleva a cabo mediante el cálculo de la contribución que, a las desigualdades totales, tienen las principales ciudades del país empleando la descomposición del índice de Theil. Utilizando métodos de remuestreo se construyen intervalos de confianza para el componente interregional del índice de Theil, encontrándose que dicho componente es significativo, y que no se reduce a través del tiempo. Por ello, de acuerdo con los resultados de este ejercicio se encuentra que no hay evidencia de convergencia sigma condicional. Posteriormente se evalúan los determinantes micro-económicos de salarios, en un modelo minceriano. Los resultados indican que, después de controlar por dichos determinantes, existen diferenciales significativos, que en el caso de varias ciudades se amplían significativamente. Ello soporta la hipótesis de que no existe convergencia sigma condicional en los salarios reales de las principales ciudades del país.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Armando Galvis, 2010. "Comportamiento de los salarios reales en Colombia: Un análisis de convergencia condicional, 1984-2009," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 127, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  • Handle: RePEc:bdr:region:127
    DOI: 10.32468/dtseru.127
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    2. Luis Armando Galvis & Leonardo Bonilla Mej�a, 2011. "Las desigualdades en la distribución del nivel educativo de los docentes en Colombia," Documentos de Trabajo Sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 8918, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
    3. Pablo Villar Vileikis, 2013. "Formalizaci√≥n: Motor de cambio estructural positivo. El caso colombiano entre 2002 y 2011," Documentos CEDE 11467, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • F20 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - General

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