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Subempleo por ingresos y funcionamiento del mercado de trabajo en Colombia

Author

Listed:
  • Luis Eduardo Arango Thomas
  • Diana carolina Escobar
  • Emma Monsalve

Abstract

Se estiman los salarios de empleados particulares y servidores públicos catalogados como plenamente ocupados y subempleados por ingresos. De igual manera, se estima la brecha salarial entre ellos, para lo cual se utilizan tanto la ecuación de Mincer como la descomposición Blinder-Oaxaca y la metodología propuesta por Ñopo (2008). Los resultados indican que, aunque existe un diferencial de salarios entre ambos grupos, del orden de 40% a 44%, el componente no explicado del mismo es mucho menor (de 25% a 30% del mismo) que el que sugieren los datos a primera vista y conducen, en ocasiones, a generar alarmas sobre el funcionamiento del mercado de trabajo e incluso a hablar de “condiciones de empleo inadecuado” o “empleo de baja calidad”. Aunque algunos subempleados por ingresos podrían tener argumentos para considerarse como tales, presentamos evidencia que muestra que entre el 70% y el 75% del diferencial de salarios es explicado por variables asociadas a capital humano. Igualmente, encontramos que la brecha se presenta con mayor nitidez en la parte alta de la distribución de los salarios: a más edad y mayor educación, mayor es el componente no explicado de la misma, la cual se presenta con mayor claridad en los sectores de minas, transporte y construcción.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Eduardo Arango Thomas & Diana carolina Escobar & Emma Monsalve, 2013. "Subempleo por ingresos y funcionamiento del mercado de trabajo en Colombia," Borradores de Economia 764, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:764
    DOI: 10.32468/be.764
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jacob A. Mincer, 1974. "Schooling, Experience, and Earnings," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number minc74-1, March.
    2. Jacob A. Mincer, 1974. "Schooling and Earnings," NBER Chapters, in: Schooling, Experience, and Earnings, pages 41-63, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Rafael Puyana & Mario Andrés Ramos & Héctor Zárate, 2011. "Determinantes del subempleo en Colombia: Un enfoque a través de la compensación salarial," Borradores de Economia 8337, Banco de la Republica.
    4. Harry Sackey & Barfour Osei, 2006. "Human Resource Underutilization in an Era of Poverty Reduction: An Analysis of Unemployment and Underemployment in Ghana," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 18(2), pages 221-247.
    5. Guataqui, Juan Carlos & García Suaza, Andrés Felipe & Rodríguez, Mauricio, 2009. "Estimaciones de los determinantes de los ingresos laborales en Colombia con consideraciones diferenciales para asalariados y cuenta propia," Documentos de Trabajo 5756, Universidad del Rosario.
    6. Gary S. Becker, 1975. "Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education, Second Edition," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number beck75-1, March.
    7. Heckman, James, 2013. "Sample selection bias as a specification error," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 31(3), pages 129-137.
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    9. José Ignacio Uribe & Carlos Humberto Ortiz & Gustavo Adolfo García, 2008. "Informalidad y subempleo en Colombia: dos caras de la misma moneda," Documentos de Trabajo 4609, Universidad del Valle, CIDSE.
    10. Jacob Mincer, 1958. "Investment in Human Capital and Personal Income Distribution," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 66(4), pages 281-281.
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    Cited by:

    1. Astorquiza Bustos, Bilver Adrián & Castillo Caicedo, Maribel & Gómez Mejía, Alina, 2018. "Measuring the Job Stress of the Employed Population. The Case of Labor Market in Cali-Colombia || Midiendo el estrés laboral de la población empleada. El caso del mercado laboral en Cali-Colombia," Revista de Métodos Cuantitativos para la Economía y la Empresa = Journal of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Department of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, vol. 25(1), pages 272-294, Junio.
    2. Luis Eduardo Arango & Ana María Ríos, 2015. "Duración del desempleo en Colombia: género, intensidad de búsqueda y anuncios de vacantes," BORRADORES DE ECONOMIA 012528, BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA.
    3. Héctor Alberto Botello Penaloza, 2015. "Determinantes de la discriminación racial en el mercado laboral en Ecuador, 2010-2012," Revista Equidad y Desarrollo, Universidad de la Salle, issue 24, pages 8-30, November.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Subempleo por ingresos; funcionamiento del mercado laboral; descomposición de la brecha salarial.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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