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Cross-National Logo Evaluation Analysis: An Individual-Level Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Ralf van der Lans

    (Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Joseph A. Cote

    (Department of Marketing, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington 98686)

  • Catherine A. Cole

    (Henry B. Tippie College of Business, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242)

  • Siew Meng Leong

    (NUS Business School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117592)

  • Ale Smidts

    (Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Pamela W. Henderson

    (New Edge/The Brewery, Richland, Washington 99352)

  • Christian Bluemelhuber

    (Centre Emile Bernheim, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium)

  • Paul A. Bottomley

    (Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3EU, United Kingdom)

  • John R. Doyle

    (Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3EU, United Kingdom)

  • Alexander Fedorikhin

    (Kelley School of Business, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202)

  • Janakiraman Moorthy

    (Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, Calcutta, India 700104)

  • B. Ramaseshan

    (School of Marketing, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia)

  • Bernd H. Schmitt

    (Columbia Business School, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027)

Abstract

The universality of design perception and response is tested using data collected from 10 countries: Argentina, Australia, China, Germany, Great Britain, India, The Netherlands, Russia, Singapore, and the United States. A Bayesian, finite-mixture, structural equation model is developed that identifies latent logo clusters while accounting for heterogeneity in evaluations. The concomitant variable approach allows cluster probabilities to be country specific. Rather than a priori defined clusters, our procedure provides a posteriori cross-national logo clusters based on consumer response similarity. Our model reduces the 10 countries to three cross-national clusters that respond differently to logo design dimensions: the West, Asia, and Russia. The dimensions underlying design are found to be similar across countries, suggesting that elaborateness, naturalness, and harmony are universal design dimensions. Responses (affect, shared meaning, subjective familiarity, and true and false recognition) to logo design dimensions (elaborateness, naturalness, and harmony) and elements (repetition, proportion, and parallelism) are also relatively consistent, although we find minor differences across clusters. Our results suggest that managers can implement a global logo strategy, but they also can optimize logos for specific countries if desired.

Suggested Citation

  • Ralf van der Lans & Joseph A. Cote & Catherine A. Cole & Siew Meng Leong & Ale Smidts & Pamela W. Henderson & Christian Bluemelhuber & Paul A. Bottomley & John R. Doyle & Alexander Fedorikhin & Janaki, 2009. "Cross-National Logo Evaluation Analysis: An Individual-Level Approach," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 28(5), pages 968-985, 09-10.
  • Handle: RePEc:inm:ormksc:v:28:y:2009:i:5:p:968-985
    DOI: 10.1287/mksc.1080.0462
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    Other versions of this item:

    • van der Lans, R.J.A. & Cote, J.A. & Cole, C.A. & Leong, S.M. & Smidts, A. & Henderson, P.W. & Bluemelhuber, C. & Bottomley, P.A. & Doyle, J.R. & Fedorikhin, A.S. & Janakiraman, M. & Ramaseshan, B. & S, 2008. "Cross-National Logo Evaluation Analysis: An Individual Level Approach," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2008-055-MKT, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.

    References listed on IDEAS

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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. S. Adam Brasel & Henrik Hagtvedt, 2016. "Living brands: consumer responses to animated brand logos," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 44(5), pages 639-653, September.
    2. Joana César Machado & Beatriz Fonseca & Carla Martins, 2021. "Brand logo and brand gender: examining the effects of natural logo designs and color on brand gender perceptions and affect," Journal of Brand Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 28(2), pages 152-170, March.
    3. Foroudi, Pantea & Melewar, T.C. & Gupta, Suraksha, 2014. "Linking corporate logo, corporate image, and reputation: An examination of consumer perceptions in the financial setting," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 67(11), pages 2269-2281.
    4. Ralf van der Lans & Bram Van den Bergh & Evelien Dieleman, 2014. "Partner Selection in Brand Alliances: An Empirical Investigation of the Drivers of Brand Fit," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 33(4), pages 551-566, July.
    5. Gabrielyan, Gnel & Just, David R., 2022. "The Effect of Logo Visibility on Brand Recognition and Willingness to Pay," 2022 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Anaheim, California 322354, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    6. Orth, Ulrich R. & Malkewitz, Keven, 2012. "The Accuracy of Design-based Judgments: A Constructivist Approach," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 88(3), pages 421-436.
    7. Mahmood, Ammara & Luffarelli, Jonathan & Mukesh, Mudra, 2019. "What's in a logo? The impact of complex visual cues in equity crowdfunding," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 41-62.
    8. Ari-Matti Erjansola & Jukka Lipponen & Kimmo Vehkalahti & Hanna-Mari Aula & Anna-Maija Pirttilä-Backman, 2021. "From the brand logo to brand associations and the corporate identity: visual and identity-based logo associations in a university merger," Journal of Brand Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 28(3), pages 241-253, May.
    9. Ella Ward & Song Yang & Jenni Romaniuk & Virginia Beal, 2020. "Building a unique brand identity: measuring the relative ownership potential of brand identity element types," Journal of Brand Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 27(4), pages 393-407, July.
    10. Aekyoung Kim & Sam J. Maglio, 2021. "Text is gendered: the role of letter case," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 32(2), pages 179-190, June.
    11. Angie Chung & Dennis F. Kinsey, 2019. "An Examination of Consumers’ Subjective Views that Affect the Favorability of Organizational Logos: An Exploratory Study Using Q Methodology," Corporate Reputation Review, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 22(3), pages 89-100, August.
    12. Melnyk, Valentyna & Giarratana, Marco & Torres, Anna, 2014. "Marking your trade: Cultural factors in the prolongation of trademarks," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 67(4), pages 478-485.
    13. van der Lans, Ralf & van Everdingen, Yvonne & Melnyk, Valentyna, 2016. "What to stress, to whom and where? A cross-country investigation of the effects of perceived brand benefits on buying intentions," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 33(4), pages 924-943.
    14. Anna Adamus-Matuszyńska & Piotr Dzik & Jerzy Michnik & Grzegorz Polok, 2021. "Visual Component of Destination Brands as a Tool for Communicating Sustainable Tourism Offers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-17, January.
    15. Thomas Anker & Peter Sandøe & Tanja Kamin & Klemens Kappel, 2011. "Health Branding Ethics," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 104(1), pages 33-45, November.
    16. Foroudi, Pantea & Nazarian, Alireza & Ziyadin, Sayabek & Kitchen, Philip & Hafeez, Khalid & Priporas, Costas & Pantano, Eleonora, 2020. "Co-creating brand image and reputation through stakeholder’s social network," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 42-59.
    17. V. U. Vinitha & Deepak S. Kumar & Keyoor Purani, 2021. "Biomorphic visual identity of a brand and its effects: a holistic perspective," Journal of Brand Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 28(3), pages 272-290, May.
    18. Jason A. Duan & Leigh McAlister & Shameek Sinha, 2011. "Commentary--Reexamining Bayesian Model-Comparison Evidence of Cross-Brand Pass-Through," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 30(3), pages 550-561, 05-06.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    design; logos; international marketing; standardization; adaptation; structural equation models; Gibbs sampling; concomitant variable; Bayesian; mixture models;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C44 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Operations Research; Statistical Decision Theory
    • M - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics
    • M31 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Marketing and Advertising - - - Marketing
    • M37 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Marketing and Advertising - - - Advertising

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