IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i3p1417-d1053454.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

How Does Electricity Affect Economic Growth? Examining the Role of Government Policy to Selected Four South Asian Countries

Author

Listed:
  • Mohammad Mafizur Rahman

    (School of Business, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia)

  • Istihak Rayhan

    (Department of Economics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1340, Bangladesh)

  • Nahid Sultana

    (School of Business, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
    Department of Economics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1340, Bangladesh)

Abstract

Electricity consumption and government policy are two vital elements for economic growth. Thus, this study explores the roles of electricity use and government policy in the economic growth of the selected four South Asian countries over the period from 1980 to 2014. The study includes the government policy variable in the extended Cobb–Douglas production function of the electricity driven growth model, which was absent in earlier studies. The pooled mean group-based panel autoregressive distributed lag (P-ARDL) method is used for empirical investigation, while fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) methods are used for checking the sensitivity of the P-ARDL estimates. Our results reveal that the effects of electricity, government spending, financial development and capital formation have significant positive effects on the economic growth of South Asia. However, exports and imports are found to have detrimental effects. Causality test reveals a unidirectional causality from electricity consumption to economic growth that supports the growth hypothesis. Following the findings, important policy recommendations are made to foster the economic growth in the South Asian countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammad Mafizur Rahman & Istihak Rayhan & Nahid Sultana, 2023. "How Does Electricity Affect Economic Growth? Examining the Role of Government Policy to Selected Four South Asian Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-17, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:1417-:d:1053454
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/3/1417/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/3/1417/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Michael Connolly & Cheng Li, 2016. "Government spending and economic growth in the OECD countries," Journal of Economic Policy Reform, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 19(4), pages 386-395, October.
    2. Streimikiene, Dalia & Kasperowicz, Rafał, 2016. "Review of economic growth and energy consumption: A panel cointegration analysis for EU countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 1545-1549.
    3. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Khan, Saleheen & Tahir, Mohammad Iqbal, 2013. "The dynamic links between energy consumption, economic growth, financial development and trade in China: Fresh evidence from multivariate framework analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 8-21.
    4. Jaganath Behera & Alok Kumar Mishra, 2020. "Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and economic growth in G7 countries: evidence from panel autoregressive distributed lag (P-ARDL) model," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 17(1), pages 241-258, February.
    5. Villanthenkodath, Muhammed Ashiq & Mahalik, Mantu Kumar, 2021. "Does economic growth respond to electricity consumption asymmetrically in Bangladesh? The implication for environmental sustainability," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    6. Tsangyao Chang & WenRong Liu & Steven Caudill, 2004. "A re-examination of Wagner's law for ten countries based on cointegration and error-correction modelling techniques," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(8), pages 577-589.
    7. Osman, Mohamed & Gachino, Geoffrey & Hoque, Ariful, 2016. "Electricity consumption and economic growth in the GCC countries: Panel data analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 318-327.
    8. Song, Chang-Qing & Chang, Chun-Ping & Gong, Qiang, 2021. "Economic growth, corruption, and financial development: Global evidence," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 822-830.
    9. Pedroni, Peter, 2004. "Panel Cointegration: Asymptotic And Finite Sample Properties Of Pooled Time Series Tests With An Application To The Ppp Hypothesis," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 20(3), pages 597-625, June.
    10. Dumitrescu, Elena-Ivona & Hurlin, Christophe, 2012. "Testing for Granger non-causality in heterogeneous panels," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 1450-1460.
    11. Narayan, Paresh Kumar & Nielsen, Ingrid & Smyth, Russell, 2008. "Panel data, cointegration, causality and Wagner's law: Empirical evidence from Chinese provinces," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 297-307, June.
    12. Tang, Chor Foon & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Arouri, Mohamed, 2013. "Re-investigating the electricity consumption and economic growth nexus in Portugal," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 1515-1524.
    13. Golam Ahamad, Mazbahul & Nazrul Islam, A.K.M., 2011. "Electricity consumption and economic growth nexus in Bangladesh: Revisited evidences," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(10), pages 6145-6150, October.
    14. Sayef Bakari, 2017. "The Three-Way Linkages Between Export, Import And Economic Growth: New Evidence From Tunisia," Journal of Smart Economic Growth, , vol. 2(3), pages 13-53, December.
    15. M. Hashem Pesaran, 2021. "General diagnostic tests for cross-sectional dependence in panels," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 60(1), pages 13-50, January.
    16. Guglielmo Maria Caporale & Christophe Rault & Anamaria Diana Sova & Robert Sova, 2015. "Financial Development and Economic Growth: Evidence from 10 New European Union Members," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 20(1), pages 48-60, January.
    17. Joakim Westerlund, 2007. "Testing for Error Correction in Panel Data," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 69(6), pages 709-748, December.
    18. Kao, Chihwa, 1999. "Spurious regression and residual-based tests for cointegration in panel data," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 1-44, May.
    19. Im, Kyung So & Pesaran, M. Hashem & Shin, Yongcheol, 2003. "Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 115(1), pages 53-74, July.
    20. Cowan, Wendy N. & Chang, Tsangyao & Inglesi-Lotz, Roula & Gupta, Rangan, 2014. "The nexus of electricity consumption, economic growth and CO2 emissions in the BRICS countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 359-368.
    21. Petra Valickova & Tomas Havranek & Roman Horvath, 2015. "Financial Development And Economic Growth: A Meta-Analysis," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(3), pages 506-526, July.
    22. Peter Pedroni, 1999. "Critical Values for Cointegration Tests in Heterogeneous Panels with Multiple Regressors," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 61(S1), pages 653-670, November.
    23. repec:bla:obuest:v:61:y:1999:i:0:p:631-52 is not listed on IDEAS
    24. Najeb Masoud & Glenn Hardaker, 2012. "The impact of financial development on economic growth," Studies in Economics and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 29(3), pages 148-173, July.
    25. Choi, In, 2001. "Unit root tests for panel data," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 249-272, April.
    26. Syed Ali Raza & Syed Tehseen Jawaid & Mohammad Haris Siddiqui, 2016. "Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth in South Asia," South Asia Economic Journal, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, vol. 17(2), pages 200-215, September.
    27. Muhammad Shahbaz & Mete Feridun, 2012. "Electricity consumption and economic growth empirical evidence from Pakistan," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 46(5), pages 1583-1599, August.
    28. Madhu Sehrawat & A K Giri, 2015. "Financial development and economic growth: empirical evidence from India," Studies in Economics and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 32(3), pages 340-356, August.
    29. Abdulkadir Rafindadi & Zarinah Yusof, 2015. "Do the dynamics of financial development spur economic growth in Nigeria’s contemporal growth struggle? A fact beyond the figures," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 49(1), pages 365-384, January.
    30. Apergis, Nicholas & Chang, Tsangyao & Gupta, Rangan & Ziramba, Emmanuel, 2016. "Hydroelectricity consumption and economic growth nexus: Evidence from a panel of ten largest hydroelectricity consumers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 318-325.
    31. Polemis, Michael L. & Dagoumas, Athanasios S., 2013. "The electricity consumption and economic growth nexus: Evidence from Greece," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 798-808.
    32. Qazi Muhammad Adnan Hye & Wee-Yeap Lau, 2015. "Trade openness and economic growth: empirical evidence from India," Journal of Business Economics and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(1), pages 188-205, February.
    33. Munir, Qaiser & Lean, Hooi Hooi & Smyth, Russell, 2020. "CO2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in the ASEAN-5 countries: A cross-sectional dependence approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    34. M Mafizur Rahman & M Salahuddin, 2010. "The determinants of economic growth in Pakistan: Does stock market development play a major role?," Economic Issues Journal Articles, Economic Issues, vol. 15(2), pages 69-86, September.
    35. Tang, Chor Foon & Tan, Eu Chye, 2013. "Exploring the nexus of electricity consumption, economic growth, energy prices and technology innovation in Malaysia," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 297-305.
    36. M. Hashem Pesaran, 2007. "A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 22(2), pages 265-312.
    37. Baltagi, Badi H. & Feng, Qu & Kao, Chihwa, 2012. "A Lagrange Multiplier test for cross-sectional dependence in a fixed effects panel data model," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 170(1), pages 164-177.
    38. Kumar, Ronald Ravinesh & Stauvermann, Peter Josef & Patel, Arvind & Kumar, Radika Devi, 2014. "Exploring the effects of energy consumption on output per worker: A study of Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 575-585.
    39. repec:bla:obuest:v:61:y:1999:i:0:p:653-70 is not listed on IDEAS
    40. Abdul Jalil & Mete Feridun, 2011. "Impact of financial development on economic growth: empirical evidence from Pakistan," Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(1), pages 71-80.
    41. Biswajit Maitra, 2020. "Exploring Import-led Growth in India: Evidence from the Post-reform Period," South Asian Journal of Macroeconomics and Public Finance, , vol. 9(1), pages 87-113, June.
    42. Ono, Shigeki, 2017. "Financial development and economic growth nexus in Russia," Russian Journal of Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(3), pages 321-332.
    43. Michael Connolly & Cheng Li, 2016. "Government spending and economic growth in the OECD countries," Journal of Economic Policy Reform, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(4), pages 386-395, October.
    44. V. Chandran Govindaraju & Ramesh Rao & Sajid Anwar, 2011. "Economic growth and government spending in Malaysia: a re-examination of Wagner and Keynesian views," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 44(3), pages 203-219, August.
    45. Jagadish Prasad Bist, 2018. "Financial development and economic growth: Evidence from a panel of 16 African and non-African low-income countries," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 6(1), pages 1449780-144, January.
    46. T. S. Breusch & A. R. Pagan, 1980. "The Lagrange Multiplier Test and its Applications to Model Specification in Econometrics," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 47(1), pages 239-253.
    47. Daniel Sakyi & Samuel Adams, 2012. "Democracy, Government Spending and Economic Growth: The Case of Ghana, 1960–2008," Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research, National Council of Applied Economic Research, vol. 6(3), pages 361-383, August.
    48. Ying-Foon Chow & John Cotsomitis & Andy Kwan, 2002. "Multivariate cointegration and causality tests of Wagner's hypothesis: evidence from the UK," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(13), pages 1671-1677.
    49. Gyedu, Samuel & Heng, Tang & Ntarmah, Albert Henry & He, Yingqi & Frimppong, Emmanuel, 2021. "The impact of innovation on economic growth among G7 and BRICS countries: A GMM style panel vector autoregressive approach," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    50. Ghahreman Abdoli & Yazdan Gudarzi Farahani & Seyedmasood Dastan, 2015. "Electricity consumption and economic growth in OPEC countries: a cointegrated panel analysis," OPEC Energy Review, Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, vol. 39(1), pages 1-16, March.
    51. Costantini, Valeria & Martini, Chiara, 2010. "The causality between energy consumption and economic growth: A multi-sectoral analysis using non-stationary cointegrated panel data," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 591-603, May.
    52. Lin, Boqiang & Liu, Chang, 2016. "Why is electricity consumption inconsistent with economic growth in China?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 310-316.
    53. Mahmoud Wahab, 2004. "Economic growth and government expenditure: evidence from a new test specification," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(19), pages 2125-2135.
    54. Hassan Hamadi & Charbel Bassil, 2015. "Financial Development and Economic Growth in the MENA Region," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 57(4), pages 598-622, December.
    55. Sefa Awaworyi Churchill & Kris Ivanovski, 2020. "Electricity consumption and economic growth across Australian states and territories," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(8), pages 866-878, February.
    56. repec:eme:sef000:sef-10-2013-0152 is not listed on IDEAS
    57. Ronald Kumar & Peter Stauvermann & Arvind Patel, 2015. "Nexus between electricity consumption and economic growth: a study of Gibraltar," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 48(2), pages 119-135, May.
    58. Jianlin Wang & Jiajia Zhao & Hongzhou Li, 2018. "The Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth Nexus in China: A Bootstrap Seemingly Unrelated Regression Estimator Approach," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 52(4), pages 1195-1211, December.
    59. G. S. Maddala & Shaowen Wu, 1999. "A Comparative Study of Unit Root Tests with Panel Data and a New Simple Test," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 61(S1), pages 631-652, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sholpan Smagulova & Bakhytgul Chereyeva & Saltanat Zhakupova & Saule Intykbayeva & Bayan Abdulina & Taizhan Sarzhanov & Gulnar Abdulina & Aigerim Abeldanova, 2024. "Assessment of the Impact of Electric Power Production on the Economic Growth of Kazakhstan," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 14(4), pages 391-407, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Fang, Zheng & Chang, Youngho, 2016. "Energy, human capital and economic growth in Asia Pacific countries — Evidence from a panel cointegration and causality analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 177-184.
    2. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Sarwar, Suleman & Chen, Wei & Malik, Muhammad Nasir, 2017. "Dynamics of electricity consumption, oil price and economic growth: Global perspective," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 256-270.
    3. Usman, Muhammad & Makhdum, Muhammad Sohail Amjad, 2021. "What abates ecological footprint in BRICS-T region? Exploring the influence of renewable energy, non-renewable energy, agriculture, forest area and financial development," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 12-28.
    4. Muhammad Azam & Zia Ur Rehman & Yusnidah Ibrahim, 2022. "Causal nexus in industrialization, urbanization, trade openness, and carbon emissions: empirical evidence from OPEC economies," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(12), pages 13990-14010, December.
    5. Qamruzzaman, Md & Karim, Salma & Jahan, Ishrat, 2022. "Nexus between economic policy uncertainty, foreign direct investment, government debt and renewable energy consumption in 13 top oil importing nations: Evidence from the symmetric and asymmetric inves," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 121-136.
    6. Angeliki N. Menegaki, 2019. "The ARDL Method in the Energy-Growth Nexus Field; Best Implementation Strategies," Economies, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-16, October.
    7. Wenjing Zhang & Hengzhou Xu, 2017. "Exploring the causal relationship between carbon emissions and land urbanization quality in China using a panel data analysis," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 19(4), pages 1445-1462, August.
    8. Eshagh Mansourkiaee, 2023. "Estimating energy demand elasticities for gas exporting countries: a dynamic panel data approach," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 3(1), pages 1-28, January.
    9. Osman, Mohamed & Gachino, Geoffrey & Hoque, Ariful, 2016. "Electricity consumption and economic growth in the GCC countries: Panel data analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 318-327.
    10. Fang, Zheng & Chen, Yang, 2017. "Human capital, energy, and economic development – Evidence from Chinese provincial data," RIEI Working Papers 2017-03, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Research Institute for Economic Integration.
    11. Tiwari, Sunil & Si Mohammed, Kamel & Guesmi, Khaled, 2023. "A way forward to end energy poverty in China: Role of carbon-cutting targets and net-zero commitments," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    12. Chen, Chaoyi & Pinar, Mehmet & Stengos, Thanasis, 2020. "Renewable energy consumption and economic growth nexus: Evidence from a threshold model," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    13. Wang, Mengxia & Hossain, Mohammad Razib & Si Mohammed, Kamel & Cifuentes-Faura, Javier & Cai, Xiaotong, 2023. "Heterogenous Effects of Circular Economy, Green energy and Globalization on CO2 emissions: Policy based analysis for sustainable development," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 789-801.
    14. Zeeshan Arshad & Margarita Robaina & Anabela Botelho, 2020. "Renewable and Non-renewable Energy, Economic Growth and Natural Resources Impact on Environmental Quality: Empirical Evidence from South and Southeast Asian Countries with CS-ARDL Modeling," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(5), pages 368-383.
    15. Aladejare, Samson Adeniyi, 2022. "Natural resource rents, globalisation and environmental degradation: New insight from 5 richest African economies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    16. Fromentin, Vincent & Leon, Florian, 2019. "Remittances and credit in developed and developing countries: A dynamic panel analysis," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 310-320.
    17. Francisco García-Lillo & Eduardo Sánchez-García & Bartolomé Marco-Lajara & Pedro Seva-Larrosa, 2023. "Renewable Energies and Sustainable Development: A Bibliometric Overview," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-22, January.
    18. Iheonu, Chimere & Asongu, Simplice & Odo, Kingsley & Ojiem, Patrick, 2020. "Financial Sector Development and Investment in Selected ECOWAS Countries: Empirical Evidence using Heterogeneous Panel Data Method," MPRA Paper 107102, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. Edmore Mahembe & Nicholas Mbaya Odhiambo, 2019. "Foreign aid, poverty and economic growth in developing countries: A dynamic panel data causality analysis," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(1), pages 1626321-162, January.
    20. Acikgoz, Senay & Ben Ali, Mohamed Sami, 2019. "Where does economic growth in the Middle Eastern and North African countries come from?," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 172-183.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:1417-:d:1053454. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.