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Capitale fiduciario e sviluppo a livello regionale: un?analisi esplorativa del ruolo del capitale civico e morale

Author

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  • Carla Altobelli
  • Gaetano Fausto Esposito

Abstract

A partire dallo studio di Edward Banfield del 1958 diverse ricerche hanno esaminato il nesso tra aspetti fiduciari, istituzioni e sviluppo economico a livello regionale. Minore ? stata l?attenzione sul ruolo dell?imprenditorialit? sui processi fiduciari e le relazioni con il sistema istituzionale. Il paper, partendo da una scomposizione del capitale fiduciario in capitale sociale, capitale civico e capitale morale, verifica il ruolo delle istituzioni formali e l?influenza di questi fattori sullo sviluppo, formulando alcune ipotesi sul grado di sostituzione/complementariet? tra istituzioni formali e informali. Gli autori elaborano un modello regionale in cui il livello di sviluppo ? funzione del capitale sociale, del capitale civico, di quello morale, del grado di efficienza delle istituzioni formali e del livello di imprenditorialit?, sottoponendolo a test econometrici. Utilizzando un panel di dati disponibili a livello regionale per gli anni 1995-2012, con le variabili espresse in logaritmi (per ottenere dai coefficienti stimati delle misure di elasticit? immediatamente confrontabili), attraverso uno stimatore a effetti fissi, gli autori ottengono risultati significativi e di segno corretto per tutti gli indicatori a livello nazionale. Tre i principali risultati: il ruolo del capitale civico e del capitale morale nel favorire l?imprenditorialit? sembra in generale superiore a quello del capitale sociale, oltre che di maggiore impatto al Nord rispetto alla media del Paese. L?effetto (negativo) dell?inefficienza delle istituzioni formali ? differenziato per il Centro-Nord e il Mezzogiorno: un sistema istituzionale inefficiente penalizza certamente il Sud in misura lievemente superiore rispetto alla media italiana, mentre non ? possibile trarre conclusioni univoche per il Centro-Nord dove la stima di questa variabile non ? significativa. Infine, il contributo dell?imprenditorialit? ? pi? rilevante al Sud. La presenza di una cultura imprenditoriale attiva ? essenziale per lo sviluppo, risultato particolarmente importante nelle aree con livelli di prodotto pro-capite pi? bassi. Pertanto nelle regioni in ritardo di sviluppo, fino a quando non si sar? consolidato uno stock adeguato di capitale fiduciario, il funzionamento delle istituzioni formali e la presenza di un?imprenditorialit? di mercato, incideranno sullo sviluppo pi? che nel resto del Paese: se le politiche per il Sud aumentassero l?efficienza delle istituzioni formali, promuovendo un ambiente pi? favorevole all?imprenditorialit?, tali aree potrebbero avere una maggiore crescita, riducendo il divario con il resto del Paese.

Suggested Citation

  • Carla Altobelli & Gaetano Fausto Esposito, 2014. "Capitale fiduciario e sviluppo a livello regionale: un?analisi esplorativa del ruolo del capitale civico e morale," RIVISTA DI ECONOMIA E STATISTICA DEL TERRITORIO, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2014(3), pages 5-39.
    • Handle: RePEc:fan:restre:v:html10.3280/rest2014-003001
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    Cited by:

    1. Fabio Musso & Gaetano Fausto Esposito, 2018. "Industrial Policies and Institutional Sustainability. The Case of Inner Areas in Italy," Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics, in: Ramona Orăștean & Claudia Ogrean & Silvia Cristina Mărginean (ed.), Innovative Business Development—A Global Perspective, pages 219-239, Springer.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Sviluppo regionale; istituzioni; capitale sociale; capitale civico; capitale morale; imprenditorialit?;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O43 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Institutions and Growth
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
    • Z13 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology; Language; Social and Economic Stratification

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