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Investigation of the causal relationships between combustible renewables and waste consumption and CO2 emissions in the case of Tunisian maritime and rail transport

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  • Ben Jebli, Mehdi
  • Belloumi, Mounir

Abstract

This study investigates the dynamic causal links between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), combustible renewables and waste consumption, and maritime and rail transport in Tunisia spanning the period 1980–2011. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach and Granger causality tests are employed to examine the short- and long-run relationships between variables. The empirical results suggest a bidirectional short-run causality between CO2 emissions and maritime transport, and a unidirectional causality running from real GDP, combustible renewables and waste consumption, rail transport to CO2 emissions. The long-run estimates reveal that real GDP contributes to the decrease of CO2 emissions, while combustible renewables and waste consumption and maritime and rail transport have a positive impact on emissions. Our policy recommendation is that Tunisia should use more combustible renewables and waste energy and increase the number of passenger's rail and maritime transport in order to motivate economic activities. However, the level of renewables energy required to reduce CO2 emissions caused by transport sector is still very weak.

Suggested Citation

  • Ben Jebli, Mehdi & Belloumi, Mounir, 2017. "Investigation of the causal relationships between combustible renewables and waste consumption and CO2 emissions in the case of Tunisian maritime and rail transport," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 820-829.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:71:y:2017:i:c:p:820-829
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2016.12.108
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    2. Mehdi Ben Jebli & Montassar Kahia, 2020. "The interdependence between CO2 emissions, economic growth, renewable and non-renewable energies, and service development: evidence from 65 countries," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 162(2), pages 193-212, September.
    3. Ştefan Cristian Gherghina & Mihaela Onofrei & Georgeta Vintilă & Daniel Ştefan Armeanu, 2018. "Empirical Evidence from EU-28 Countries on Resilient Transport Infrastructure Systems and Sustainable Economic Growth," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-34, August.
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    5. Suleman Sarwar & Rida Waheed & Ghazala Aziz & Simona Andreea Apostu, 2022. "The Nexus of Energy, Green Economy, Blue Economy, and Carbon Neutrality Targets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-19, September.
    6. Özer, Mustafa & Canbay, Şerif & Kırca, Mustafa, 2021. "The impact of container transport on economic growth in Turkey: An ARDL bounds testing approach," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    7. Rashid Khan, Haroon Ur & Siddique, Muhammad & Zaman, Khalid & Yousaf, Sheikh Usman & Shoukry, Alaa Mohamd & Gani, Showkat & Sasmoko, & Khan, Aqeel & Hishan, Sanil S. & Saleem, Hummera, 2018. "The impact of air transportation, railways transportation, and port container traffic on energy demand, customs duty, and economic growth: Evidence from a panel of low-, middle-, and high -income coun," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 18-35.
    8. Alexandra Fratila (Adam) & Ioana Andrada Gavril (Moldovan) & Sorin Cristian Nita & Andrei Hrebenciuc, 2021. "The Importance of Maritime Transport for Economic Growth in the European Union: A Panel Data Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-23, July.
    9. Mohamed, Hassen & Alimi, Mohsen & Ben Youssef, Slim, 2021. "The role of renewable energy in reducing terrorism: Evidence from Pakistan," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 1088-1100.
    10. Rida Waheed, 2022. "The Significance of Energy Factors, Green Economic Indicators, Blue Economic Aspects towards Carbon Intensity: A Study of Saudi Vision 2030," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-22, June.
    11. Elena Cigu & Daniela Tatiana Agheorghiesei & Anca Florentina Gavriluță (Vatamanu) & Elena Toader, 2018. "Transport Infrastructure Development, Public Performance and Long-Run Economic Growth: A Case Study for the Eu-28 Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-22, December.
    12. Zhiyu Fang & Ling Jiang & Zhong Fang, 2021. "Does Economic Policy Intervention Inhibit the Efficiency of China’s Green Energy Economy?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-20, December.
    13. Aleksandra Górecka & Joanna Baran & Helga Pavlic Skender & Mirjana Grcic Fabic, 2018. "Correlation Between Inland Transport Efficiency, Gdp And Environmental Aspects In Eu Countries," Business Logistics in Modern Management, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Economics, Croatia, vol. 18, pages 453-470.
    14. Isiksal, Aliya Zhakanova & Assi, Ala Fathi, 2022. "Determinants of sustainable energy demand in the European economic area: Evidence from the PMG-ARDL model," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).
    15. Qin, Yong & Xu, Zeshui & Wang, Xinxin & Škare, Marinko, 2023. "The effects of financial institutions on the green energy transition: A cross-sectional panel study," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 524-542.
    16. Vo, Duc Hong & Vo, Anh The & Ho, Chi Minh & Nguyen, Ha Minh, 2020. "The role of renewable energy, alternative and nuclear energy in mitigating carbon emissions in the CPTPP countries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 278-292.
    17. Bekhet, Hussain Ali & Othman, Nor Salwati, 2018. "The role of renewable energy to validate dynamic interaction between CO2 emissions and GDP toward sustainable development in Malaysia," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 47-61.
    18. Irfan Khan & Fujun Hou, 2021. "The Impact of Socio-economic and Environmental Sustainability on CO2 Emissions: A Novel Framework for Thirty IEA Countries," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 155(3), pages 1045-1076, June.
    19. Mounir Belloumi & Atef Saad Alshehry, 2021. "The Causal Relationships Between Corruption, Investments and Economic Growth in GCC Countries," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(4), pages 21582440211, October.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    C32; O55; Q53; Combustible renewables and waste; Rail and maritime transport; ARDL bounds testing to cointegration; Granger causality tests; Tunisia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • O55 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Africa
    • Q53 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling

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