IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/intfin/v59y2019icp36-57.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Liquidity withdrawal in the FX spot market: A cross-country study using high-frequency data

Author

Listed:
  • Stenfors, Alexis
  • Susai, Masayuki

Abstract

This paper studies short-term liquidity withdrawal in the FX spot market for eight currency pairs. We include over 3 million limit order submissions, worth more than $5 trillion, and investigate the drivers of two different measures of volume-based liquidity. Overall, we find that market participants react differently to changes in the state of the market for different currency pairs. Moreover, the liquidity withdrawal process also differs depending on the perceived information content of new limit orders submitted. Finally, we document that a ‘liquidity illusion’ might exist in FX spot markets electronic trading platforms where algorithmic and high-frequency trading is prominent.

Suggested Citation

  • Stenfors, Alexis & Susai, Masayuki, 2019. "Liquidity withdrawal in the FX spot market: A cross-country study using high-frequency data," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 36-57.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:intfin:v:59:y:2019:i:c:p:36-57
    DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2018.11.010
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S104244311830444X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.intfin.2018.11.010?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to look for a different version below or search for a different version of it.

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Martin D.D. Evans & Richard K. Lyons, 2017. "Order Flow and Exchange Rate Dynamics," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Studies in Foreign Exchange Economics, chapter 6, pages 247-290, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    2. Burton Hollifield & Robert A. Miller & Patrik Sandås, 2004. "Empirical Analysis of Limit Order Markets," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 71(4), pages 1027-1063.
    3. Griffiths, Mark D. & Smith, Brian F. & Turnbull, D. Alasdair S. & White, Robert W., 2000. "The costs and determinants of order aggressiveness," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(1), pages 65-88, April.
    4. Foucault, Thierry, 1998. "Order Flow Composition and Trading Costs in Dynamic Limit Order Markets," CEPR Discussion Papers 1817, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    5. Thierry Foucault & Ohad Kadan & Eugene Kandel, 2005. "Limit Order Book as a Market for Liquidity," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 18(4), pages 1171-1217.
    6. Bessembinder, Hendrik, 1994. "Bid-ask spreads in the interbank foreign exchange markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 317-348, June.
    7. Stenfors, Alexis, 2018. "Bid-ask spread determination in the FX swap market: Competition, collusion or a convention?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 78-97.
    8. Glassman, Debra, 1987. "Exchange rate risk and transactions costs: Evidence from bid-ask spreads," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 6(4), pages 479-490, December.
    9. Jón Daníelsson & Jinhui Luo & Richard Payne, 2012. "Exchange rate determination and inter-market order flow effects," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(9), pages 823-840, October.
    10. Kaul, Aditya & Sapp, Stephen, 2006. "Y2K fears and safe haven trading of the U.S. dollar," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(5), pages 760-779, August.
    11. Biais, Bruno & Hillion, Pierre & Spatt, Chester, 1995. "An Empirical Analysis of the Limit Order Book and the Order Flow in the Paris Bourse," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 50(5), pages 1655-1689, December.
    12. Thierry Foucault & Johan Hombert & Ioanid Roşu, 2016. "News Trading and Speed," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 71(1), pages 335-382, February.
    13. -, 2018. "Data, algorithms and policies: Redefining the digital world," Libros y Documentos Institucionales, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), number 43515 edited by Eclac, May.
    14. Thierry Foucault & Sophie Moinas & Erik Theissen, 2007. "Does Anonymity Matter in Electronic Limit Order Markets?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 20(5), pages 1707-1747, 2007 28.
    15. Bollerslev, Tim & Melvin, Michael, 1994. "Bid--ask spreads and volatility in the foreign exchange market : An empirical analysis," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(3-4), pages 355-372, May.
    16. Payne, Richard, 2003. "Informed trade in spot foreign exchange markets: an empirical investigation," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(2), pages 307-329, December.
    17. Keim, Donald B. & Madhavan, Ananth, 1995. "Anatomy of the trading process Empirical evidence on the behavior of institutional traders," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 371-398, March.
    18. Maslov, Sergei & Mills, Mark, 2001. "Price fluctuations from the order book perspective—empirical facts and a simple model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 299(1), pages 234-246.
    19. Parlour, Christine A, 1998. "Price Dynamics in Limit Order Markets," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 11(4), pages 789-816.
    20. Melvin, Michael & Yin, Xixi, 2000. "Public Information Arrival, Exchange Rate Volatility, and Quote Frequency," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 110(465), pages 644-661, July.
    21. Michael R King & Dagfinn Rime, 2011. "The $4 trillion question: what explains FX growth since the 2007 survey?," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, March.
    22. Vitale, Paolo, 2006. "A market microstructure analysis of foreign exchange intervention," Working Paper Series 629, European Central Bank.
    23. Sergei Maslov & Mark Mills, 2001. "Price fluctuations from the order book perspective - empirical facts and a simple model," Papers cond-mat/0102518, arXiv.org.
    24. Alexander Mende, 2006. "09/11 on the USD/EUR foreign exchange market," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(3), pages 213-222.
    25. Fong, Kingsley Y.L. & Liu, Wai-Man, 2010. "Limit order revisions," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(8), pages 1873-1885, August.
    26. Lo, Ingrid & Sapp, Stephen G., 2010. "Order aggressiveness and quantity: How are they determined in a limit order market?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 20(3), pages 213-237, July.
    27. Anthony D. Hall & Nikolaus Hautsch, 2008. "Order aggressiveness and order book dynamics," Studies in Empirical Economics, in: Luc Bauwens & Winfried Pohlmeier & David Veredas (ed.), High Frequency Financial Econometrics, pages 133-165, Springer.
    28. Copeland, Thomas E & Galai, Dan, 1983. "Information Effects on the Bid-Ask Spread," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 38(5), pages 1457-1469, December.
    29. Bjonnes, Geir Hoidal & Rime, Dagfinn & Solheim, Haakon O.Aa., 2005. "Liquidity provision in the overnight foreign exchange market," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 175-196, March.
    30. Keim, Donald B & Madhaven, Ananth, 1996. "The Upstairs Market for Large-Block Transactions: Analysis and Measurement of Price Effects," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 9(1), pages 1-36.
    31. Lin Li & Yuhua Zhang, 2018. "Route Planning Based on Genetic Algorithm," Journal of Mathematics Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 10(2), pages 122-128, April.
    32. Hall, Anthony D. & Hautsch, Nikolaus, 2007. "Modelling the buy and sell intensity in a limit order book market," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 10(3), pages 249-286, August.
    33. Glosten, Lawrence R, 1994. "Is the Electronic Open Limit Order Book Inevitable?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(4), pages 1127-1161, September.
    34. Ioanid Rosu, 2009. "A Dynamic Model of the Limit Order Book," Post-Print hal-00515873, HAL.
    35. Chan, Louis K C & Lakonishok, Josef, 1995. "The Behavior of Stock Prices around Institutional Trades," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 50(4), pages 1147-1174, September.
    36. Lyons, Richard K., 1995. "Tests of microstructural hypotheses in the foreign exchange market," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(2-3), pages 321-351.
    37. Jonathan Brogaard & Terrence Hendershott & Ryan Riordan, 2014. "High-Frequency Trading and Price Discovery," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 27(8), pages 2267-2306.
    38. Son Le, 2018. "Algorithmic Trading with Fitted Q Iteration and Heston Model," Papers 1805.07478, arXiv.org.
    39. Charles Cao & Oliver Hansch & Xiaoxin Wang, 2009. "The information content of an open limit‐order book," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(1), pages 16-41, January.
    40. Ekkehart Boehmer & Gideon Saar & Lei Yu, 2005. "Lifting the Veil: An Analysis of Pre‐trade Transparency at the NYSE," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 60(2), pages 783-815, April.
    41. Seppi, Duane J, 1997. "Liquidity Provision with Limit Orders and a Strategic Specialist," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 10(1), pages 103-150.
    42. Terrence Hendershott & Charles M. Jones & Albert J. Menkveld, 2011. "Does Algorithmic Trading Improve Liquidity?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 66(1), pages 1-33, February.
    43. Conrad, Jennifer & Wahal, Sunil & Xiang, Jin, 2015. "High-frequency quoting, trading, and the efficiency of prices," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(2), pages 271-291.
    44. Hartmann, Philipp, 1998. "Do Reuters spreads reflect currencies' differences in global trading activity?," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 17(5), pages 757-784, October.
    45. Jón Daníelsson & Richard Payne, 2012. "Liquidity determination in an order-driven market," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(9), pages 799-821, October.
    46. Ronald L. Goettler & Christine A. Parlour & Uday Rajan, 2005. "Equilibrium in a Dynamic Limit Order Market," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 60(5), pages 2149-2192, October.
    47. Yoshida, Yushi & Susai, Masayuki, 2016. "Stepping out of the limit order book: Empirical evidence from the EBS FX market," MPRA Paper 70291, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    48. Ioanid Rosu, 2009. "A Dynamic Model of the Limit Order Book," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(11), pages 4601-4641, November.
    49. Qin, Ruibing & Ma, Junjie, 2018. "An efficient algorithm to estimate the change in variance," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 15-17.
    50. Ranaldo, Angelo, 2004. "Order aggressiveness in limit order book markets," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 7(1), pages 53-74, January.
    51. Cheung, Yin-Wong & Chinn, Menzie David, 2001. "Currency traders and exchange rate dynamics: a survey of the US market," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 439-471, August.
    52. Bessembinder, Hendrik & Panayides, Marios & Venkataraman, Kumar, 2009. "Hidden liquidity: An analysis of order exposure strategies in electronic stock markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(3), pages 361-383, December.
    53. Foucault, Thierry, 1999. "Order flow composition and trading costs in a dynamic limit order market1," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 2(2), pages 99-134, May.
    54. Parameswaran Gopikrishnan & Vasiliki Plerou & Xavier Gabaix & H. Eugene Stanley, 2000. "Statistical Properties of Share Volume Traded in Financial Markets," Papers cond-mat/0008113, arXiv.org.
    55. Kyle, Albert S, 1985. "Continuous Auctions and Insider Trading," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 53(6), pages 1315-1335, November.
    56. Yesol Huh, 2014. "Machines vs. Machines: High Frequency Trading and Hard Information," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2014-33, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    57. Bollerslev, Tim & Domowitz, Ian, 1993. "Trading Patterns and Prices in the Interbank Foreign Exchange Market," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 48(4), pages 1421-1443, September.
    58. Liu, Wai-Man, 2009. "Monitoring and limit order submission risks," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 107-141, February.
    59. Harris, Lawrence & Hasbrouck, Joel, 1996. "Market vs. Limit Orders: The SuperDOT Evidence on Order Submission Strategy," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 31(2), pages 213-231, June.
    60. Cheung, Yin-Wong & Wong, Clement Yuk-Pang, 2000. "A survey of market practitioners' views on exchange rate dynamics," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 401-419, August.
    61. Stenfors Alexis & Susai Masayuki, 2018. "High-Frequency Trading, Liquidity Withdrawal, and the Breakdown of Conventions in Foreign Exchange Markets," Journal of Economic Issues, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(2), pages 387-395, April.
    62. Lyons, Richard K., 1997. "A simultaneous trade model of the foreign exchange hot potato," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(3-4), pages 275-298, May.
    63. Robert Bloomfield & Maureen O'Hara & Gideon Saar, 2015. "Hidden Liquidity: Some New Light on Dark Trading," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 70(5), pages 2227-2274, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Stenfors, Alexis & Dilshani, Kaveesha & Guo, Andy & Mere, Peter, 2024. "Detecting the risk of cross-product manipulation in the EUREX fixed income futures market," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    2. Stenfors, Alexis & Doraghi, Mehrdaad & Soviany, Cristina & Susai, Masayuki & Vakili, Kaveh, 2023. "Cross-market spoofing," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    3. Sensoy, Ahmet & Serdengeçti, Süleyman, 2020. "Impact of portfolio flows and heterogeneous expectations on FX jumps: Evidence from an emerging market," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    4. Alexis Stenfors & Masayuki Susai, 2021. "Stealth Trading in FX Markets," Working Papers in Economics & Finance 2021-02, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth Business School, Economics and Finance Subject Group.
    5. Alexis Stenfors & Kaveesha Dilshani & Andy Guo & Peter Mere, 2023. "A Model to Quantify the Risk of Cross-Product Manipulation: Evidence from the European Government Bond Futures Market," Working Papers in Economics & Finance 2023-06, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth Business School, Economics and Finance Subject Group.
    6. Batten, Jonathan A. & Lončarski, Igor & Szilagyi, Peter G., 2021. "Strategic insider trading in foreign exchange markets," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    7. Viktor Manahov, 2021. "High‐frequency trading order cancellations and market quality: Is stricter regulation the answer?," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(4), pages 5385-5407, October.
    8. Stenfors, Alexis & Susai, Masayuki, 2021. "Spoofing and pinging in foreign exchange markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Alexis Stenfors & Masayuki Susai, 2017. "Algorithmic Trading Behaviour and High-Frequency Liquidity Withdrawal in the FX Spot Market," Working Papers in Economics & Finance 2017-04, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth Business School, Economics and Finance Subject Group.
    2. Stenfors, Alexis & Susai, Masayuki, 2021. "Spoofing and pinging in foreign exchange markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    3. Ledenyov, Dimitri O. & Ledenyov, Viktor O., 2015. "Wave function method to forecast foreign currencies exchange rates at ultra high frequency electronic trading in foreign currencies exchange markets," MPRA Paper 67470, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Martin D. Gould & Mason A. Porter & Stacy Williams & Mark McDonald & Daniel J. Fenn & Sam D. Howison, 2010. "Limit Order Books," Papers 1012.0349, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2013.
    5. Alexis Stenfors & Masayuki Susai, 2021. "Stealth Trading in FX Markets," Working Papers in Economics & Finance 2021-02, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth Business School, Economics and Finance Subject Group.
    6. Martin D. Gould & Mason A. Porter & Stacy Williams & Mark McDonald & Daniel J. Fenn & Sam D. Howison, 2013. "Limit order books," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(11), pages 1709-1742, November.
    7. Menkhoff, Lukas & Osler, Carol L. & Schmeling, Maik, 2010. "Limit-order submission strategies under asymmetric information," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(11), pages 2665-2677, November.
    8. Danny Lo, 2015. "Essays in Market Microstructure and Investor Trading," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 4-2015, January-A.
    9. Katarzyna Bień-Barkowska, 2014. "Capturing Order Book Dynamics in the Interbank EUR/PLN Spot Market," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(1), pages 93-117, January.
    10. Danny Lo, 2015. "Essays in Market Microstructure and Investor Trading," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 22, July-Dece.
    11. King, Michael R. & Osler, Carol L. & Rime, Dagfinn, 2013. "The market microstructure approach to foreign exchange: Looking back and looking forward," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 95-119.
    12. Roberto Pascual & David Veredas, 2010. "Does the Open Limit Order Book Matter in Explaining Informational Volatility?," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 8(1), pages 57-87, Winter.
    13. Biais, Bruno & Glosten, Larry & Spatt, Chester, 2005. "Market microstructure: A survey of microfoundations, empirical results, and policy implications," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 8(2), pages 217-264, May.
    14. Tseng, Yi-Heng & Chen, Shu-Heng, 2015. "Limit order book transparency and order aggressiveness at the closing call: Lessons from the TWSE 2012 new information disclosure mechanism," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 35(PA), pages 241-272.
    15. Duong, Huu Nhan & Kalev, Petko S., 2013. "Anonymity and order submissions," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 101-118.
    16. Dugast, J., 2013. "Limited attention and news arrival in limit order markets," Working papers 449, Banque de France.
    17. Osler, Carol L. & Mende, Alexander & Menkhoff, Lukas, 2011. "Price discovery in currency markets," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(8), pages 1696-1718.
    18. Yoshida, Yushi & Susai, Masayuki, 2016. "Stepping out of the limit order book: Empirical evidence from the EBS FX market," MPRA Paper 70291, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. Ingrid Lo & Stephen Sapp, 2011. "Belief Dispersion and Order Submission Strategies in the Foreign Exchange Market," Staff Working Papers 11-8, Bank of Canada.
    20. Roberto Pascual & David Veredas, 2009. "What pieces of limit order book information matter in explaining order choice by patient and impatient traders?," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(5), pages 527-545.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Algorithmic trading; Foreign exchange; High-frequency trading; Limit order book; Liquidity; Market microstructure;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D4 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design
    • F3 - International Economics - - International Finance
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:intfin:v:59:y:2019:i:c:p:36-57. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/intfin .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.