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Beyond the basics: Access and equity in the expansion of post-compulsory schooling in Vietnam

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  • Rolleston, Caine
  • Iyer, Padmini

Abstract

Human capital development, including the expansion and improvement of schooling, has played a crucial role in Vietnam’s strong and relatively inclusive economic growth in recent years. Universal access to primary and lower secondary education have been achieved, but progression to upper secondary remains, for the most part, rationed by entrance examinations and the payment of fees. Both supply and access have improved strongly at upper secondary level since the 1990s, in line with rising demand for higher skilled school-leavers. However, it is less clear whether access to upper secondary schooling, and its wider social and economic benefits, is provided equitably. In this paper we employ a unique longitudinal dataset to examine the patterns of both access and attainment in upper secondary education in Vietnam. We consider their implications for equitable educational progression and the extent to which, in light of these patterns, the system can be described as meritocratic.

Suggested Citation

  • Rolleston, Caine & Iyer, Padmini, 2019. "Beyond the basics: Access and equity in the expansion of post-compulsory schooling in Vietnam," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 223-233.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:injoed:v:66:y:2019:i:c:p:223-233
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2018.09.002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hai-Anh H. Dang & F. Halsey Rogers, 2016. "The Decision to Invest in Child Quality over Quantity: Household Size and Household Investment in Education in Vietnam," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 30(1), pages 104-142.
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    5. Hai-Anh H. Dang & Paul W. Glewwe, 2018. "Well Begun, but Aiming Higher: A Review of Vietnam’s Education Trends in the past 20 Years and Emerging Challenges," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(7), pages 1171-1195, July.
    6. Dang, Hai-Anh H & Glewwe, Paul & Vu, Khoa & Lee, Jongwook, 2021. "What Explains Vietnam's Exceptional Performance in Education Relative to Other Countries? Analysis of the 2012 and 2015 Pisa Data," IZA Discussion Papers 14315, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. John Jerrim & Anna Vignoles, 2011. "The use (and misuse) of statistics in understanding social mobility: regression to the mean and the cognitive development of high ability children from disadvantaged homes," DoQSS Working Papers 11-01, Quantitative Social Science - UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, revised 20 Apr 2011.
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    Cited by:

    1. Liu, Huacong & Fernandez, Frank & Grotlüschen, Anke, 2019. "Examining self-directedness and its relationships with lifelong learning and earnings in Yunnan, Vietnam, Germany, and the United States," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 1-1.
    2. Marshall, Lydia & Moore, Rhiannon, 2022. "Does school effectiveness differentially benefit boys and girls? Evidence from Ethiopia, India and Vietnam," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    3. Quan-Hoang Vuong & Thanh-Hang Pham & Trung Tran & Thu-Trang Vuong & Nguyen Manh Cuong & Nguyen Phuc Khanh Linh & Viet-Phuong La & Manh Toan Ho, 2020. "STEM education and outcomes in Vietnam: Views from the social gap and gender issues," Working Papers CEB 20-003, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    4. repec:osf:osfxxx:unfa2_v1 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Bui, Tuan Anh & Nguyen, Cuong Viet & Nguyen, Khuong Duc & Nguyen, Ha Hong & Pham, Phuong Thu, 2020. "The effect of tuition fee reduction and education subsidy on school enrollment: Evidence from Vietnam," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    6. repec:osf:socarx:cjz6f_v1 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Wu, Hanbo, 2025. "How Do Positive and Negative Shocks Jointly Shape Educational and Labor Market Outcomes? The Case of Education Reforms in Vietnam," SocArXiv 2km56_v1, Center for Open Science.

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