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Can the terms of trade externality outweigh free-riding? The role of vertical linkages

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  • Bogmans, Christian

Abstract

This paper analyzes the impact of vertical linkages on the international effects of environmental policy. With vertical linkages, stricter environmental policy at home indirectly reduces pollution in the rest of the world. This spillback effect can reinforce the free-rider problem that arises under strategic interaction. When pollution is transboundary a race to the bottom ensues, despite the fact that vertical linkages make it easier for national regulators to export the costs of environmental policy via the terms of trade. We also find that while trade liberalization can be good for the environment, vertical linkages tend to increase global pollution.

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  • Bogmans, Christian, 2015. "Can the terms of trade externality outweigh free-riding? The role of vertical linkages," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(1), pages 115-128.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:inecon:v:95:y:2015:i:1:p:115-128
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2014.10.006
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    Cited by:

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    2. Yan, Yunfeng & Li, Xiyuan & Wang, Ran & Pan, An, 2023. "Global value chain and export-embodied carbon emissions: New evidence from foreign-invested enterprises," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    3. Wang, Jing & Wan, Guanghua & Wang, Chen, 2019. "Participation in GVCs and CO2 emissions," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    4. Huang, Yongming & Zhang, Yanan, 2023. "Digitalization, positioning in global value chain and carbon emissions embodied in exports: Evidence from global manufacturing production-based emissions," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Globalization; Trade and environment; Carbon leakage; Climate policy; Input–output;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F18 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Environment
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth
    • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy

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