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Poverty, political freedom, and the roots of terrorism in developing countries: An empirical assessment

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  • Bandyopadhyay, Subhayu
  • Younas, Javed

Abstract

We find that political freedom has a significant and non-linear effect on domestic terrorism, but has no statistically significant effect on transnational terrorism. Geography and fractionalization limit a country's ability to curb terrorism, while strong legal institutions deter terrorism.

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  • Bandyopadhyay, Subhayu & Younas, Javed, 2011. "Poverty, political freedom, and the roots of terrorism in developing countries: An empirical assessment," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 112(2), pages 171-175, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecolet:v:112:y:2011:i:2:p:171-175
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    1. Kelejian, Harry H. & Mukerji, Purba, 2022. "Causal factors of terrorist attacks on countries, and corresponding spill-overs between them," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    2. Do, Quy-Toan & Gomez-Parra, Nicolas & Rijkers, Bob, 2023. "Transnational terrorism and the internet," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    3. Ozili, Peterson K, 2024. "Impact of terrorism on financial inclusion: evidence from the most terrorized countries in the world," MPRA Paper 120154, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Seung Hoon Chae & Wukki Kim, 2024. "State capacity matters in ‘the middle:’ A new perspective on domestic terrorism," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 61(3), pages 366-382, May.
    5. Abbas, Syed Ali & Syed, Shabib Haider, 2021. "Sectarian terrorism in Pakistan: Causes, impact and remedies," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 350-361.
    6. Jomon A. Paul & Aniruddha Bagchi, 2019. "Civil Liberties and Terrorism in Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 275(2), pages 623-651, April.
    7. Ladan Ghahramani & Katelin McArdle & Sandra Fatorić, 2020. "Minority Community Resilience and Cultural Heritage Preservation: A Case Study of the Gullah Geechee Community," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-16, March.
    8. Rizvi, Syed Muhammad All-e-Raza & Véganzonès-Varoudakis, Marie-Ange, 2023. "Institutional determinants of internal conflicts in fragile developing countries," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 45(5), pages 910-934.
    9. Khusrav Gaibulloev & Javed Younas, 2016. "Conflicts and domestic bank lending," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 169(3), pages 315-331, December.
    10. Do,Quy-Toan & Gomez Parra,Nicolas & Rijkers,Bob, 2021. "Transnational Terrorism and the Internet," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9885, The World Bank.
    11. Shahzad, Umer & Sarwar, Suleman & Farooq, Muhammad Umar & Qin, Fengming, 2020. "USAID, official development assistance and counter terrorism efforts: Pre and post 9/11 analysis for South Asia," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    12. Kazmi, Syeda Ulya Ehsen, 2022. "Rise in public approval of religious extremism in Pakistan," MPRA Paper 114872, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 30 Sep 2022.
    13. Javed Younas & Todd Sandler, 2017. "Gender Imbalance and Terrorism in Developing Countries," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 61(3), pages 483-510, March.
    14. Bagchi, Aniruddha & Paul, Jomon A., 2018. "Youth unemployment and terrorism in the MENAP (Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan) region," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 9-20.
    15. Nicola, Brugali & Paolo, Buonanno & Mario, Gilli, 2018. "Political Regimes and the Determinants of Terrorism and Counter-terrorism," Working Papers 384, University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Economics, revised 13 Jul 2018.
    16. Bagchi, Aniruddha & Paul, Jomon A., 2021. "National security vs. human rights: A game theoretic analysis of the tension between these objectives," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 290(2), pages 790-805.

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