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Health opportunities in Colombia

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  • Rivera Trivino, Andrés Felipe

Abstract

Resumen: De acuerdo con la teoría de igualdad de oportunidades, la desigualdad en un resultado final (por ejemplo, los ingresos monetarios) es causada, principalmente, por dos tipos de características: las circunstancias y el esfuerzo individual. Los individuos no tienen control sobre las primeras, pero sí sobre el esfuerzo. Las desigualdades en los resultados finales que son generadas por las circunstancias se consideran injustas, mientras que las generadas por las segundas, no. En este artículo se busca calcular el nivel de desigualdad injusta en salud existente en Colombia. Se concluye, preliminarmente, que en Colombia hay evidencia de desigualdad de oportunidades en salud, la cual explica entre el 30% y el 40% de la desigualdad total en el estado de salud autorreportado por los individuos. Considerando solamente las circunstancias observables, se concluye que la salud de la madre, la estructura del hogar durante la ninez y el género son características individuales que tienen una influencia considerable sobre este tipo de desigualdad. Abstract: According to the theory of equality of opportunity, inequality in final outcomes (e.g., monetary income) is mainly caused by two broad characteristics: circumstances and individual effort. Individuals have no control on the former but on the latter. Inequalities in final outcomes caused by circumstances are considered unfair, while those generated by effort are not. In this paper, we calculate the level of unjust inequality in health in Colombia. A preliminary conclusion is that Colombia presents evidence of inequality of opportunities in health, which explains between 30% and 40% of total inequality in self-reported health status. Considering only observable circumstances, mother’s health, household structure through childhood, and gender are individual characteristics that have considerable influence on this type of inequality.

Suggested Citation

  • Rivera Trivino, Andrés Felipe, 2017. "Health opportunities in Colombia," Revista Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, issue 87, pages 125-164, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000174:015710
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    salud; igualdad de oportunidades; circunstancias; esfuerzo individual; Colombia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D39 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Other
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality

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