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Labelling Genetically Modified Food: Heterogeneous Consumer Preferences and the Value of Information

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  • Wuyang Hu
  • Michele M. Veeman
  • Wiktor L. Adamowicz

Abstract

One facet of public debate associated with genetically modified (GM) food focuses on labelling policy for products derived from GM processes. This paper reports on the analysis of effects on consumers' choices of pre‐packaged sliced bread under different GM food labelling policies. Substantial heterogeneity is found to exist among consumers' tastes for various bread attributes, including the presence/absence of GM ingredients in bread products. A simulation‐based bias‐adjusted measure is applied to estimate the value of information, as opposed to the value of the presence or absence of GM ingredients, revealed to consumers by different labelling procedures for the GM attribute. The information that is provided in a mandatory labelling context is considerably more valued by consumers than the information provided in a voluntary labelling context. In a final section, estimated consumer benefits from labelling policies are expressed in terms of average market prices for bread products, providing a measure of benefits against which potential cost increases that may be associated with labelling policies may be compared in the context of any future benefit–cost analysis of GM labelling. L'une des composantes du débat public sur les aliments transgéniques cible la politique d'étiquetage des produits dérivés de ces aliments. Cet article fait le compte‐rendu de l'analyse des incidences de cette politique sur les consommateurs et leur choix de pain en tranches dont l'emballage répond à différentes politiques d'étiquetage des aliments transgéniques. Il existe une profonde hétérogénéité dans les goûts des consommateurs pour diverses caractéristiques de pain, y compris pour la présence ou l'absence d'aliments transgéniques. Une évaluation reposant sur la simulation et ajustée pour tenir compte des erreurs permet d'estimer la valeur des informations, comparativement à la valeur de la présence ou de l'absence d'ingrédients transgéniques indiqués aux consommateurs dans les différents procédés d'étiquetage. Les consommateurs accordent beaucoup plus d'importance aux informations fournies dans un contexte d'étiquetage obligatoire que celles fournies dans un contexte d'étiquetage volontaire. Dans la dernière partie de l'article, les avantages estimés que pourraient obtenir les consommateurs des politiques d'étiquetage sont exprimés en termes de la valeur marchande moyenne des produits du pain, fournissant ainsi une évaluation des avantages par rapport aux augmentations éventuelles des coûts associées aux politiques d'étiquetage, et ce, dans le contexte d'une future analyse coûts‐avantages de l'étiquetage des aliments transgéniques.

Suggested Citation

  • Wuyang Hu & Michele M. Veeman & Wiktor L. Adamowicz, 2005. "Labelling Genetically Modified Food: Heterogeneous Consumer Preferences and the Value of Information," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 53(1), pages 83-102, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:canjag:v:53:y:2005:i:1:p:83-102
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7976.2005.04004.x
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