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Evolución reciente y perspectivas del mercado de petróleo

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  • Daniel Santabárbara

Abstract

En los tres últimos años se ha observado un cambio radical en la estructura del mercado de petróleo, como consecuencia de la profunda transformación experimentada por la industria petrolera en Estados Unidos y de la reacción estratégica de la OPEP. Esto se ha traducido en una reducción sustancial del precio de esta materia prima. En concreto, este artículo analiza tres elementos clave de la evolución del mercado de petróleo en los dos últimos años: la resistencia de la producción de petróleo no convencional en Estados Unidos, el nuevo giro en la estrategia de la OPEP para recortar la producción y la desaceleración de la demanda. Además, se discuten las perspectivas a medio y largo plazo de este mercado, concluyendo que no se espera un alza marcada en los precios por la previsible evolución de la oferta y de la demanda. Aunque se considera cierta retracción de la primera por la caída de la inversión, la segunda también estará contenida por el aumento de la eficiencia en el uso de combustibles derivados del petróleo y la concienciación social sobre sus externalidades negativas.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Santabárbara, 2017. "Evolución reciente y perspectivas del mercado de petróleo," Boletín Económico, Banco de España, issue SEP.
    • Handle: RePEc:bde:joures:y:2017:i:9:d:aa:n:24
    Note: Artículos Analíticos
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    References listed on IDEAS

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