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Opportunity and/or necessity entrepreneurship? The impact of the socio-economic characteristics of entrepreneurs

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  • Giacomin, Olivier
  • Janssen, Frank
  • Guyot, Jean-luc
  • Lohest, Olivier

Abstract

Few studies have tried to identify the impact of the socio-economic characteristics of entrepreneurs on their opportunity-necessity positioning. Based on a sample of 538 entrepreneurs, we point out that individuals who get involved in an entrepreneurial process, have encountered a situation of necessity and/or opportunity and that the latter can take various forms. We point out the impact of the socio-economic characteristics of entrepreneurs on the alignment of their project with a necessity or opportunity entrepreneurial dynamics. The existence of sub-profiles of entrepreneurs within the necessity-opportunity typology is also highlighted. We point out, for instance, that not all jobseekers are necessity entrepreneurs and that new venture creation based on family pressure may convey both a necessity and opportunity dimension. Finally, our survey reveals a new kind of entrepreneurship: the hobby entrepreneurship.

Suggested Citation

  • Giacomin, Olivier & Janssen, Frank & Guyot, Jean-luc & Lohest, Olivier, 2011. "Opportunity and/or necessity entrepreneurship? The impact of the socio-economic characteristics of entrepreneurs," MPRA Paper 29506, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:29506
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Marian Holienka & Anna Pilková & Zuzana Jančovičová, 2016. "Youth Entrepreneurship in Visegrad Countries," Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 4(4), pages 105-121.
    3. Halil Dincer Kaya, 2017. "The Characteristics Of Small Firms That Serve As Owners’ Primary Employment," Annals - Economy Series, Constantin Brancusi University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 1, pages 5-13, February.
    4. Giuliano Guerra & Roberto Patuelli, 2016. "The Role of Job Satisfaction in Transitions into Self–Employment," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 40(3), pages 543-571, May.
    5. Obinna C. Ojiaku & Anayo D. Nkamnebe & Ireneus C. Nwaizugbo, 2018. "Determinants of entrepreneurial intentions among young graduates: perspectives of push-pull-mooring model," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 8(1), pages 1-17, December.
    6. Peter Zwan & Roy Thurik & Ingrid Verheul & Jolanda Hessels, 2016. "Factors influencing the entrepreneurial engagement of opportunity and necessity entrepreneurs," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 6(3), pages 273-295, December.
    7. McAdam, Maura & Crowley, Caren & Harrison, Richard T., 2019. "“To boldly go where no [man] has gone before” - Institutional voids and the development of women's digital entrepreneurship11The title is taken from the original titles voice-over for the TV series St," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 912-922.
    8. Caroline Bayart & Séverine Saleilles, 2019. "Rethinking the opportunity/necessity dichotomy with a risk management- based approach," Post-Print hal-02143039, HAL.
    9. Marian Holienka & Zuzana Jančovičová & Zuzana Kovačičová, 2016. "Women Entrepreneurship in Visegrad Region and its Drivers," Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, Mendel University Press, vol. 64(6), pages 1899-1910.
    10. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2018. "Opportunity versus Necessity Entrepreneurship: Two Components of Business Creation," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 959, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    11. Juergen Bruenjes & Javier Revilla Diez, 2012. "Opportunity entrepreneurs - potential drivers of non-farm growth in rural Vietnam?," Working Papers on Innovation and Space 2012-01, Philipps University Marburg, Department of Geography.
    12. Nurul Ashykin Abd Aziz & Nurul Aien Abd Aziz & Noreen Noor Abd Aziz & Siti Fariha Muhamad & Afifah Hanim Md Pazil, 2016. "Determining the Factors to Engage in Batik Business: A Study among Batik Entrepreneurs in East Cost Malaysia," International Journal of Management Sciences, Research Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 7(5), pages 273-286.
    13. Backman, Mikaela & Karlsson, Charlie, 2013. "Exploration of Wisdom Ages: Firm survival," Working Paper Series in Economics and Institutions of Innovation 339, Royal Institute of Technology, CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies.
    14. Robert W. Fairlie & Frank M. Fossen, 2019. "Defining Opportunity versus Necessity Entrepreneurship: Two Components of Business Creation," NBER Working Papers 26377, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    15. Ugo Rizzo, 2015. "Why do scientists create academic spin-offs? The influence of the context," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 40(2), pages 198-226, April.
    16. Jürgen Brünjes & Javier Revilla Diez, 2013. "‘Recession push’ and ‘prosperity pull’ entrepreneurship in a rural developing context," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(3-4), pages 251-271, April.
    17. Begoña Cueto & Patricia Suárez & Matías Mayor, 2021. "Effects of human capital and regional context on entrepreneurial survival," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 66(2), pages 331-357, April.
    18. Hannu Tervo, 2014. "Who turns to entrepreneurship later in life? - Push and pull in Finnish rural and urban areas," ERSA conference papers ersa14p236, European Regional Science Association.
    19. Nandera Ernest Mhando & Nasibu Rajabu Mramba, 2021. "Improving young women's working conditions in Tanzania's urban food vending sector," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2021-157, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Necessity - Opportunity - motivations;

    JEL classification:

    • L2 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior
    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship

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