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Atteggiamento dei consumatori nei confronti dell’evoluzione del sistema agro-alimentare: L’introduzione di alimenti geneticamente modificati
[Consumers' attitude towards the new element of evolution of the agro-food system: the introduction of Genetically Modified food]

Author

Listed:
  • Roselli, Luigi
  • Seccia, Antonio
  • Stasi, Antonio

Abstract

L’atteggiamento dei consumatori nei confronti di alimenti che contengono OGM o sono ottenuti da OGM e gli alimenti che contengono ingredienti ottenuti da OGM (di seguito designati complessivamente con l’espressione "alimenti geneticamente modificati" o “alimenti GM”) rappresenta un tema di grande attualità per il sistema agro-alimentare europeo. Le esigenze dei consumatori, caratterizzate da una crescente importanza assegnata alle caratteristiche sia dei processi produttivi sia degli alimenti finali, impongono un’ampia ed attenta analisi dei possibili effetti sui comportamenti di acquisto che l’introduzione di alimenti GM nel sistema agro-alimentare potrebbe generare. La diffusione della coltivazione di varietà di piante GM, principalmente in Paesi extraeuropei (USA, Canada ed Argentina), e l’immissione sul mercato mondiale di prodotti OGM destinati anche all’alimentazione umana, ha generato accesi dibattiti in Europa pro e contro l’adozione di questa nuova tecnologia, per i possibili effetti negativi per i consumatori e sull’ambiente. L’UE sin dai primi anni 90 ha cercato di definire una normativa sugli OGM capace di garantire la protezione della salute dei cittadini e dell'ambiente e al tempo stesso creare un mercato unificato della biotecnologia. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è di valutare, alla luce del quadro normativo vigente in materia di alimenti GM, l’atteggiamento dei consumatori nei confronti di alcune caratteristiche del sistema agro-alimentare (di seguito designati come “attributi”) e in particolare dell’introduzione nei mercati finali di alimenti geneticamente modificati. Per valutare l’atteggiamento dei consumatori, in termini quantitativi oltre che qualitativi, si intende misurare la loro disponibilità a pagare (DAP) pro o contro delle variazioni (presenza/assenza o aumento/diminuzione) degli attributi considerati rispetto allo status quo, utilizzando la metodologia del choice modelling. Si tratta, in altri termini, del tentativo di fornire delle risposte alle seguenti domande: l’avversione dei consumatori nei confronti degli alimenti OGM è indipendente dal livello di sconto di cui i consumatori potrebbero beneficiare per i prodotti alimentari contenenti OGM? Ovvero, le problematiche ambientali ed etiche che muovono i cittadini ad essere contro le biotecnologie applicate alla produzione di alimenti sono negoziabili? Qual è l’importanza relativa, per i consumatori, della tecnologia GM rispetto ad alcune altre variabili del sistema agro-alimentare? La normativa vigente che disciplina l'immissione in commercio di prodotti GM e stabilisce norme per l’etichettatura dei prodotti destinati al consumatore finale è sufficiente a garantire i consumatori oppure esistono spazi per prodotti, quali gli OGM-free, che si ispirano al principio della tolleranza zero? La possibilità di immettere sul mercato prodotti GM-free dipende dalla DAP dei consumatori per questo tipo di prodotti. Pertanto, valutare la DAP per gli alimenti OGM-free fornirebbe indicazioni utili circa l’esistenza di opportunità di mercato per le imprese che intendono perseguire questa strategia di differenziazione di prodotto. L’analisi potrebbe fornire, inoltre, indicazioni utili anche per quanto concerne nuove azioni di politica per il comparto agroalimentare orientate al soddisfacimento delle attese dei consumatori.

Suggested Citation

  • Roselli, Luigi & Seccia, Antonio & Stasi, Antonio, 2006. "Atteggiamento dei consumatori nei confronti dell’evoluzione del sistema agro-alimentare: L’introduzione di alimenti geneticamente modificati [Consumers' attitude towards the new element of evolutio," MPRA Paper 11776, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:11776
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Maurizio Canavari & Rodolfo Nayga, 2009. "On consumers' willingness to purchase nutritionally enhanced genetically modified food," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(1), pages 125-137.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    OGM; choice modeling; agro-food system;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • C35 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions
    • C01 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - General - - - Econometrics

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