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L’euro, le bourdon et le banquier central

Author

Listed:
  • Ludovic Desmedt

    (LEDi - Laboratoire d'Economie de Dijon - UB - Université de Bourgogne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Matthieu Llorca

    (LEDi - Laboratoire d'Economie de Dijon - UB - Université de Bourgogne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Cet article s'interroge sur les raisons de la montée en puissance de la politique de communication des banques centrales, notamment celle de la BCE. Nous commençons par présenter les arguments mis en avant par la théorie économique standard, qui justifie à la fois l'indépendance des Banques Centrales (à l'égard du pouvoir politique) et le «gouvernement des anticipations» des agents économiques. Les thèmes de la transparence, de la crédibilité et de l'indépendance ont été associés au cours des années 1980, aboutissant à la nécessité de mettre en place des banquiers centraux «conservateurs», c'est-à-dire hostiles à l'inflation. Cette littérature a influencé les pratiques, notamment celles de la BCE en matière de communication. Nous revenons ensuite sur certains «actes de langage» de la BCE en étudiant les procédures et les outils employés. Nous évoquons en particulier la répercussion des discours au moment de la mise en œuvre de la politique d'assouplissement quantitatif (quantitative easing). Il ressort au final que la crise financière débutée en 2008 a augmenté l'audience du discours des banquiers centraux, tout en réduisant paradoxalement leur degré d'indépendance.

Suggested Citation

  • Ludovic Desmedt & Matthieu Llorca, 2016. "L’euro, le bourdon et le banquier central," Post-Print hal-01430375, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01430375
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://u-bourgogne.hal.science/hal-01430375
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    References listed on IDEAS

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