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The missing ingredient: Distance - Internal migration and its long-term economic impact in the United States

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  • Viola von Berlepsch
  • Andrés Rodríguez-Pose

Abstract

This paper examines if internal migrants at the turn of the 20th century have influenced the long-term economic development of the counties where they settled over 100 years ago. Using Census microdata from 1880 and 1910, the distance travelled by American-born migrants between birthplace and county of residence is examined to assess its relevance for the economic development of US counties today. The settlement patterns of domestic migrants across the 48 continental states are then linked to current county-level development. Factors influencing both migration at the time and the level of development of the county today are controlled for. The results of the analysis underline the economic importance of internal migration. Counties that attracted American-born migrants more than 100 years ago are significantly richer today. Moreover, distance is crucial for the impact of internal migration on long-term economic development; the larger the distance travelled by domestic migrants, the greater the long-term economic impact on the receiving territories.

Suggested Citation

  • Viola von Berlepsch & Andrés Rodríguez-Pose, 2019. "The missing ingredient: Distance - Internal migration and its long-term economic impact in the United States," Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) 1903, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography, revised Jan 2019.
    • Handle: RePEc:egu:wpaper:1903
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Internal migration; distance; long-term; economic development; counties; US;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
    • N11 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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