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Rule-Based and Case-Based Reasoning in Housing Prices

Author

Listed:
  • Gabrielle Gayer

    (Tel Aviv University)

  • Itzhak Gilboa

    (School of Economics, Tel Aviv University)

  • Offer Lieberman

    (Technion-Israel Institute of Technology)

Abstract

People reason about real-estate prices both in terms of general rules and in terms of analogies to similar cases. We propose to empirically test which mode of reasoning fits the data better. To this end, we develop the statistical techniques required for the estimation of the case-based model. It is hypothesized that case-based reasoning will have relatively more explanatory power in databases of rental apartments, whereas rule-based reasoning will have a relative advantage in sales data. We motivate this hypothesis on theoretical grounds, and find empirical support for it by comparing the two statistical techniques (rule-based and case-based) on two databases (rentals and sales).

Suggested Citation

  • Gabrielle Gayer & Itzhak Gilboa & Offer Lieberman, 2004. "Rule-Based and Case-Based Reasoning in Housing Prices," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1493, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    • Handle: RePEc:cwl:cwldpp:1493
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rosen, Sherwin, 1974. "Hedonic Prices and Implicit Markets: Product Differentiation in Pure Competition," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 82(1), pages 34-55, Jan.-Feb..
    2. Won Kim, Chong & Phipps, Tim T. & Anselin, Luc, 2003. "Measuring the benefits of air quality improvement: a spatial hedonic approach," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 24-39, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gilboa, Itzhak & Lieberman, Offer & Schmeidler, David, 2011. "A similarity-based approach to prediction," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 162(1), pages 124-131, May.
    2. Todd Guilfoos & Andreas Pape, 2016. "Predicting human cooperation in the Prisoner’s Dilemma using case-based decision theory," Theory and Decision, Springer, vol. 80(1), pages 1-32, January.
    3. Itzhak Gilboa, 2010. "Questions in Decision Theory," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 2(1), pages 1-19, September.
    4. Annie Liang, 2019. "Games of Incomplete Information Played By Statisticians," Papers 1910.07018, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2020.
    5. Todd Guilfoos & Andreas Duus Pape, 2020. "Estimating Case-Based Learning," Games, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-25, September.
    6. Annie Liang, 2016. "Games of Incomplete Information Played by Statisticians," PIER Working Paper Archive 16-028, Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania, revised 01 Jan 2016.
    7. Kapetanios, George & Mitchell, James & Shin, Yongcheol, 2014. "A nonlinear panel data model of cross-sectional dependence," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 179(2), pages 134-157.
    8. Itzhak Gilboa & Offer Lieberman & David Schmeidler, 2012. "Empirical Similarity," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Case-Based Predictions An Axiomatic Approach to Prediction, Classification and Statistical Learning, chapter 9, pages 211-243, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    9. M. Huang & A. D. Pape, 2020. "The Impact of Online Consumer Reviews on Online Sales: The Case-Based Decision Theory Approach," Journal of Consumer Policy, Springer, vol. 43(3), pages 463-490, September.
    10. Pape, Andreas & Kurtz, Kenneth, 2013. "Evaluating Case-based Decision Theory: Predicting Empirical Patterns of Human Classification Learning (Extensions)," MPRA Paper 45206, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Baddeley, M., 2011. "Social Influence and Household Decision-Making: A Behavioural Analysis of Housing Demand," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 1120, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    12. Pape, Andreas Duus & Kurtz, Kenneth J., 2013. "Evaluating case-based decision theory: Predicting empirical patterns of human classification learning," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 52-65.
    13. Keita Kinjo & Shinya Sugawara, 2014. "An Empirical Analysis for a Case-based Decision to Watch Japanese TV dramas," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-940, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    14. Jamol Bahromov, 2022. "Regime-switching empirical similarity model: a comparison with baseline models," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 63(5), pages 2655-2674, November.
    15. Brit Grosskopf & Rajiv Sarin & Elizabeth Watson, 2015. "An experiment on case-based decision making," Theory and Decision, Springer, vol. 79(4), pages 639-666, December.
    16. Radoc, Benjamin, 2018. "Case-based investing: Stock selection under uncertainty," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 17(C), pages 53-59.
    17. Oscar Melo & Carlos Melo & Jorge Mateu, 2015. "Distance-based beta regression for prediction of mutual funds," AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis, Springer;German Statistical Society, vol. 99(1), pages 83-106, January.
    18. Han Bleichrodt & Martin Filko & Amit Kothiyal & Peter P. Wakker, 2017. "Making Case-Based Decision Theory Directly Observable," American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 9(1), pages 123-151, February.
    19. Teitelbaum, Joshua C., 2013. "Asymmetric empirical similarity," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 66(3), pages 346-351.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Housing; similarity; regression; case-based reasoning; rule-based reasoning;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C1 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General
    • C8 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs
    • D8 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
    • R1 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics

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