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Las finanzas públicas territoriales en Colombia: dos décadas de cambios

Author

Listed:
  • Jaime Bonet-Morón

    ()

  • Gerson Javier Pérez-Valbuena

    ()

  • Luis Montero-Mestre

Abstract

El panorama de las finanzas de las entidades territoriales en Colombia ha cambiado sustancialmente en los últimos años. Su dinámica ha estado estrechamente relacionada con la descentralización y las normas que la regulan. Este documento tiene el objetivo de presentar la evolución de las principales cuentas de los gobiernos subnacionales durante las dos décadas entre 1996 y 2015. El análisis se realizó por tipo de entidad territorial y por regiones. Los resultados muestran que el proceso descentralizador ha fortalecido las finanzas de municipios y departamentos, especialmente para los primeros a causa de la mayor fortaleza tributaria que han dejado las reformas administrativas y la coyuntura económica nacional. En el ámbito regional se evidencian tendencias similares pero con significativas disparidades, con mayor desventaja para la periferia. Por otro lado, aunque la dependencia de las transferencias continua alta, no hay evidencias de una relación negativa entre el crecimiento de las transferencias y las regalías y los ingresos propios de las los gobiernos subnacionales. *******ABSTRACT: The context of the Colombian subnational finances have changed during the last years. These changes have been closely related to fiscal decentralization and its regulatory standards. The main objective of this paper is to show the evolution of the subnational governments’ main financial accounts between 1996 and 2015. The analysis is carried out by type of territorial entity and also by regions. Results show that decentralization has actually strengthen municipalities and departments’ finances, especially the former because of the higher tax robustness given by administrative reforms and the national economic situation. At regional level, we found similar trends but significant disparities, with the highest in peripheral regions. On the other hand, even when transfers’ dependency is still high, it is also true that there is no evidence of a negative relationship between transfers and royalties’ growth and the growth of the subnational governments’ own revenues.

Suggested Citation

  • Jaime Bonet-Morón & Gerson Javier Pérez-Valbuena & Luis Montero-Mestre, 2018. "Las finanzas públicas territoriales en Colombia: dos décadas de cambios," DOCUMENTOS DE TRABAJO SOBRE ECONOMÍA REGIONAL Y URBANA 016258, BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA - ECONOMÍA REGIONAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000102:016258
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Juan Gonzalo ZAPATA & Olga Lucía ACOSTA & Adriana GONZÁLEZ, 2001. "Evaluación de la descentralización municipal en Colombia. ¿Se consolidó la sostenibilidad fiscal de los municipios colombianos durante los a," ARCHIVOS DE ECONOMÍA 002631, DEPARTAMENTO NACIONAL DE PLANEACIÓN.
    2. Fisman, Raymond & Gatti, Roberta, 2002. "Decentralization and corruption: evidence across countries," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(3), pages 325-345, March.
    3. Iimi, Atsushi, 2005. "Decentralization and economic growth revisited: an empirical note," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 57(3), pages 449-461, May.
    4. Aaron Espinosa Espinosa & Jorge Campos Perez, 2013. "El recaudo del impuesto predial en Cartagena de Indias, 1984-2010," DOCUMENTOS DE TRABAJO 011091, UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLÓGICA DE BOLÍVAR.
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    6. Jaime Bonet, 2006. "Fiscal decentralization and regional income disparities: evidence from the Colombian experience," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 40(3), pages 661-676, August.
    7. Cadena Ximena, 2002. "¿La descentralización empereza? Efecto de las transferencias sobre los ingresos tributarios municipales en Colombia," REVISTA DESARROLLO Y SOCIEDAD, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES-CEDE, September.
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    9. Lozano, Ignacio & Julio, Juan Manuel, 2016. "Descentralización fiscal y crecimiento económico en Colombia: evidencia de datos de panel a nivel regional," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), August.
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    Keywords

    Finanzas públicas locales; economía regional;

    JEL classification:

    • H72 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Budget and Expenditures
    • R51 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - Finance in Urban and Rural Economies

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