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Desequilibrios regionales en la política de descentralización en Colombia

Author Info

  • Jaime Bonet

    ()

Abstract

El propósito principal de este documento es presentar una serie de recomendaciones de política que permitan consolidar a la descentralización como una estrategia de desarrollo regional. La evidencia muestra que la descentralización ha perpetuado las disparidades que en materia de cobertura en educación y salud existen en Colombia. Se encuentra, además, una gran desigualdad en los ingresos fiscales per cápita de los entes territoriales, lo cual implica que éstos asumen la responsabilidad de prestación de servicios en condiciones muy diferentes. Gran parte de esta inequidad en el ingreso se origina en la diferencia observada en los ingresos tributarios, la cual, contrario a lo que se esperaría en un programa de equidad fiscal horizontal, no es corregida por el sistema de transferencias vigente. El escaso vínculo existente entre los recaudos y las decisiones de gasto impiden que se realicen los aumentos en eficiencia que se esperan de una estrategia de descentralización. Las recomendaciones de política están focalizadas en tres aspectos: involucrar una mayor equidad en el sistema de transferencias del gobierno nacional a los subnacionales, fortalecer el aparato tributario subnacional y establecer unos incentivos claros para mejorar la eficiencia del gasto.

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Paper provided by BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA - ECONOMÍA REGIONAL in its series DOCUMENTOS DE TRABAJO SOBRE ECONOMÍA REGIONAL with number 002293.

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Length: 58
Date of creation: 31 Oct 2006
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:col:000102:002293
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Keywords: Descentralización; desequilibrios; regiones; ingresos; gastos;

Find related papers by JEL classification:

  • H73 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - Interjurisdictional Differentials and Their Effects
  • H77 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - Intergovernmental Relations; Federalism
  • R51 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - Finance in Urban and Rural Economies
  • R58 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - Regional Development Planning and Policy

References listed on IDEAS
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  1. Ana María Iregui & Jorge Ramos & Luz Amparo Saavedra, . "Análisis de la Descentralización Fiscal en Colombia," Borradores de Economia 175, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  2. Juan Camilo Chaparro & Michael Smart & Juan Gonzola Zapata, 2004. "Intergovernmental Transfers and Municipal Finance in Colombia," International Tax Program Papers 0403, International Tax Program, Institute for International Business, Joseph L. Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto.
  3. Roberto Junguito & Ligia Melo & Martha Misas, . "La Descentralización Fiscal y la Política Macroeconómica," Borradores de Economia 031, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  4. Juan José Echavarría & Carolina Rentería & Roberto Steiner, 2002. "Decentralization and Bailouts in Colombia," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 5578, Inter-American Development Bank.
  5. Ximena Cadena, 2002. "¿LA DESCENTRALIZACIÓN EMPEREZA? Efecto de las Transferencias Sobre los Ingresos Tributarios Municipales en Colombia," DOCUMENTOS CEDE 003813, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES-CEDE.
  6. Anwar Shah, 2008. "Fiscal federalism and macroeconomic governance : for better or for worse?," CEMA Working Papers 584, China Economics and Management Academy, Central University of Finance and Economics.
  7. Juan David Barón Rivera & Adolfo Meisel Roca, 2003. "La descentralización y las disparidades económicas regionales en Colombia en la década de 1990," DOCUMENTOS DE TRABAJO SOBRE ECONOMÍA REGIONAL 002975, BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA - ECONOMÍA REGIONAL.
  8. Anwar Shah, 1996. "A Fiscal Need Approach to Equalization," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 22(2), pages 99-115, June.
  9. Olga Lucia Acosta & Richard M. Bird, 2003. "The Dilemma of Decentralization in Colombia," International Tax Program Papers 0404, International Tax Program, Institute for International Business, Joseph L. Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto.
  10. Jaime Bonet, 2006. "Fiscal decentralization and regional income disparities: evidence from the Colombian experience," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer, vol. 40(3), pages 661-676, August.
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Cited by:

  1. Luis Fernando Ramírez Hernández & Manuel Beltrán Garzón, 2009. "Justificación económica de la descentralización: un análisis desde las finanzas regionales," REVISTA EQUIDAD Y DESARROLLO, UNIVERSIDAD DE LA SALLE.
  2. Richard M. Bird, 2012. "Fiscal Decentralization in Colombia: A Work (Still) in Progress," International Center for Public Policy Working Paper Series, at AYSPS, GSU paper1223, International Center for Public Policy, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University.
  3. World Bank, 2009. "Colombia - Decentralization : Options and Incentives for Efficiency - Sector Annexes," World Bank Other Operational Studies 3097, The World Bank.
  4. Bonet, Jaime & Meisel, Adolfo, 2009. "Regional economic disparities in Colombia," Investigaciones Regionales, Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional, issue 14, pages 61-80.
  5. World Bank, 2009. "Colombia - Decentralization : Options and Incentives for Efficiency - Main Report," World Bank Other Operational Studies 3096, The World Bank.

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