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INCREMENTOS DEL SALARIO M�NIMO LEGAL: �cu�l es el impacto redistributivo del cambio en los precios relativos al consumidor?

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  • Francisco Javier Lasso Valderrama

Abstract

En Colombia como en otros pa�ses en desarrollo, el Salario M�nimo Legal (SML) se utiliza como una pol�tica de ayuda a los pobres. Del lado de la producci�n, en la distribuci�n factorial del ingreso, si el SML est� por encima del precio de equilibrio hay una transferencia hacia los trabajadores que son remunerados por el SML. Del otro lado, como consumidores, si la poblaci�n remunerada por el SML adquiere bienes y servicios que en su producci�n incorporan una alta participaci�n de esta mano de obra, o a�n m�s, destinan una gran proporci�n de su salario en la compra de estos bienes y servicios, pueden salir desfavorecidos antes que favorecidos por una pol�tica de ayuda a trav�s de incrementos del SML. En este documento se investiga el efecto de los incrementos del SML sobre los precios al consumidor final por niveles de ingreso, utilizando el �ndice de Precios al Consumidor (IPC) y la informaci�n sobre el mercado laboral de las encuestas de hogares del DANE. Para las principales trece �reas metropolitanas del pa�s, por un incremento del 10% en el SML se encuentra un aumento anual de 0.61% en el nivel de precios al consumidor con una baja incidencia del SML sobre la poblaci�n ocupada. Este efecto es regresivo respecto a la distribuci�n del ingreso dado que el aumento mayor lo sufre la poblaci�n del estrato de ingresos bajos, en menor magnitud la poblaci�n de ingresos medios, mientras los precios que enfrenta la poblaci�n de ingresos altos no experimentan aumentos. Si se agrupa la poblaci�n por quintiles y deciles, seg�n su nivel de ingreso per c�pita, la distribuci�n del impacto toma la forma de campana de Gauss, pero sigue siendo regresivo, afectando en mayor grado los hogares con ingresos bajos respecto a los de ingresos altos.

Suggested Citation

  • Francisco Javier Lasso Valderrama, 2010. "INCREMENTOS DEL SALARIO M�NIMO LEGAL: �cu�l es el impacto redistributivo del cambio en los precios relativos al consumidor?," Borradores de Economia 6977, Banco de la Republica.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000094:006977
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    Cited by:

    1. Francisco Lasso-Valderrama & Laura Rodríguez-Quintero, 2018. "Ciclo y composición del cambio en los salarios: una aproximación a la estructura salarial de Colombia," Borradores de Economia 1057, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Distribuci�n del ingreso; Nivel de precios; Inflaci�n; Salarios; Salario M�nimo.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • J32 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits; Retirement Plans; Private Pensions
    • J38 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Public Policy

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