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Unwinding Quantitative Easing: State Dependency and Household Heterogeneity

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Listed:
  • Cristiano Cantore
  • Pascal Meichtry

Abstract

his paper studies the asymmetry in the macroeconomic effects of central bank asset market operations induced by state dependency and the associated role of household heterogeneity. We build a New Keynesian model with borrowers and savers in which quantitative easing and tightening operate through portfolio rebalancing between short-term and long-term government bonds. We highlight the significance of an occasionally binding zero lower bound in explaining a weaker aggregate impact of asset sales relative to asset purchases. In this context, when close to the lower bound, raising the nominal interest rate prior to unwinding quantitative easing mitigates the economic costs of monetary policy normalization. Furthermore, our results imply that household heterogeneity in combination with state dependency amplifies the revealed asymmetry, while household heterogeneity alone does not enhance the aggregate effects of asset market operations.

Suggested Citation

  • Cristiano Cantore & Pascal Meichtry, 2024. "Unwinding Quantitative Easing: State Dependency and Household Heterogeneity," Working papers 955, Banque de France.
    • Handle: RePEc:bfr:banfra:955
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Unconventional Monetary Policy; Quantitative Tightening; Quantitative Easing; Heterogeneous Agents; Zero Lower Bound;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies

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