Research on Trade Credit Spreading and Credit Risk within the Supply Chain

Capital constraints in the supply chain have linked trade credit to the banks’ credit risk exposure. This paper focuses on how trade credit, which is widespread in the supply chain, affects the banks’ risk exposure by constructing a two-echelon Stackelberg framework in a case involving supplier dominance. A numerical analysis illustrates the following: First, the contagion intensity, which measures trade credit’s impact on the banks’ risk exposure, positively relates to the uncertainty of demand. Second, the retailer’s characteristics have a significant, moderating effect on this positive relationship between the banks’ risk exposure and the uncertainty demand. Finally, suppliers can reduce the contagion intensity by screening different types of retailers, which consequently decreases the banks’ risk exposure.