IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/epolin/v50y2023i1d10.1007_s40812-022-00245-x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Slowbalisation or a “New” type of GVC participation? The role of digital services

Author

Listed:
  • L. Blázquez

    (Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha - Campus de Toledo)

  • C. Díaz-Mora

    (Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha - Campus de Toledo)

  • B. González-Díaz

    (Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha - Campus de Toledo)

Abstract

This paper investigates the role of digital services in the dynamics observed in global value chains (GVCs) from 1995 to 2018. Despite the context of a deceleration in globalisation, we observe how countries’ exports are increasingly incorporating foreign digital services, suggesting that a new channel, digitally driven, for globalization and GVC participation is emerging. Using trade in value added data and Social Network Analysis (SNA) methodology, we map the network of these digital services flows linked to GVCs and analyse its characteristics and evolution for the period 1995–2018. Moreover, we identify the leading economies in those networks from the point of view of both source and destination countries. New actors such as China, India and Israel arise, sharing with the USA, Germany, and the UK the leadership as global providers of intermediate digital sectors. Small European economies and Singapore show the highest dependence on foreign digital sectors to be incorporated in their exports.

Suggested Citation

  • L. Blázquez & C. Díaz-Mora & B. González-Díaz, 2023. "Slowbalisation or a “New” type of GVC participation? The role of digital services," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 50(1), pages 121-147, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:epolin:v:50:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1007_s40812-022-00245-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s40812-022-00245-x
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40812-022-00245-x
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s40812-022-00245-x?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Giorgio Fagiolo & Javier Reyes & Stefano Schiavo, 2010. "The evolution of the world trade web: a weighted-network analysis," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 479-514, August.
    2. Magnus Lodefalk, 2013. "Servicification of manufacturing - evidence from Sweden," International Journal of Economics and Business Research, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 6(1), pages 87-113.
    3. Robert Koopman & Zhi Wang & Shang-Jin Wei, 2014. "Tracing Value-Added and Double Counting in Gross Exports," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 104(2), pages 459-494, February.
    4. Abbate, Angela & De Benedictis, Luca & Fagiolo, Giorgio & Tajoli, Lucia, 2018. "Distance-varying assortativity and clustering of the international trade network," Network Science, Cambridge University Press, vol. 6(4), pages 517-544, December.
    5. James E. Anderson & Eric van Wincoop, 2003. "Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 93(1), pages 170-192, March.
    6. Attinasi, Maria Grazia & Bobasu, Alina & Gerinovics, Rinalds, 2021. "What is driving the recent surge in shipping costs?," Economic Bulletin Boxes, European Central Bank, vol. 3.
    7. Carmen Díaz-Mora & Rosario Gandoy & Belén González-Díaz, 2018. "Looking into global value chains: influence of foreign services on export performance," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 154(4), pages 785-814, November.
    8. Ramani, Vinay & Ghosh, Debabrata & Sodhi, ManMohan S., 2022. "Understanding systemic disruption from the Covid-19-induced semiconductor shortage for the auto industry," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    9. Luca De Benedictis & Lucia Tajoli, 2011. "The World Trade Network," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(8), pages 1417-1454, August.
    10. Rasmus Lema & Erika Kraemer-Mbula & Marija Rakas, 2021. "Innovation in developing countries: examining two decades of research," Innovation and Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(2-3), pages 189-210, September.
    11. Freddy Cepeda-López & Fredy Gamboa-Estrada & Carlos León & Hernán Rincón-Castro, 2019. "The evolution of world trade from 1995 to 2014: A network approach," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(4), pages 452-485, May.
    12. Peter R. Herman, 2022. "Correction to: Modeling complex network patterns in international trade," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 158(2), pages 713-714, May.
    13. Mary Amiti & Jozef Konings, 2007. "Trade Liberalization, Intermediate Inputs, and Productivity: Evidence from Indonesia," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 97(5), pages 1611-1638, December.
    14. Marco Dueñas & Giorgio Fagiolo, 2013. "Modeling the International-Trade Network: a gravity approach," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 8(1), pages 155-178, April.
    15. De Benedictis Luca & Nenci Silvia & Santoni Gianluca & Tajoli Lucia & Vicarelli Claudio, 2014. "Network Analysis of World Trade using the BACI-CEPII Dataset," Global Economy Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 14(3-4), pages 1-57, October.
    16. Beata Javorcik, 2020. "Reshaping of global supply chains will take place, but it will not happen fast," Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(4), pages 321-325, October.
    17. Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg & Amit Kumar Khandelwal & Nina Pavcnik & Petia Topalova, 2010. "Imported Intermediate Inputs and Domestic Product Growth: Evidence from India," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 125(4), pages 1727-1767.
    18. Dani Rodrik, 2018. "New Technologies, Global Value Chains, and the Developing Economies," CESifo Working Paper Series 7307, CESifo.
    19. Cigna, Simone & Gunnella, Vanessa & Quaglietti, Lucia, 2022. "Global value chains: measurement, trends and drivers," Occasional Paper Series 289, European Central Bank.
    20. Sébastien Miroudot & Charles Cadestin, 2017. "Services In Global Value Chains: From Inputs to Value-Creating Activities," OECD Trade Policy Papers 197, OECD Publishing.
    21. Peter R. Herman, 2022. "Modeling complex network patterns in international trade," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 158(1), pages 127-179, February.
    22. Tiziano Squartini & Giorgio Fagiolo & Diego Garlaschelli, 2011. "Randomizing world trade. II. A weighted network analysis," Papers 1103.1249, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2011.
    23. James X. Zhan, 2021. "GVC transformation and a new investment landscape in the 2020s: Driving forces, directions, and a forward-looking research and policy agenda," Journal of International Business Policy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 4(2), pages 206-220, June.
    24. K. Bhattacharya & G. Mukherjee & J. Saramaki & K. Kaski & S. S. Manna, 2007. "The International Trade Network: weighted network analysis and modelling," Papers 0707.4343, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2008.
    25. Ward, Michael D. & Ahlquist, John S. & Rozenas, Arturas, 2013. "Gravity's Rainbow: A dynamic latent space model for the world trade network," Network Science, Cambridge University Press, vol. 1(1), pages 95-118, April.
    26. Tiziano Squartini & Giorgio Fagiolo & Diego Garlaschelli, 2011. "Rewiring World Trade. Part II: A Weighted Network Analysis," LEM Papers Series 2011/09, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
    27. Arribas, Iván & Pérez, Francisco & Tortosa-Ausina, Emili, 2009. "Measuring Globalization of International Trade: Theory and Evidence," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 127-145, January.
    28. Iván Kataryniuk & Javier Pérez & Francesca Viani, 2021. "(De-)Globalisation of trade and regionalisation: a survey of the facts and arguments," Occasional Papers 2124, Banco de España.
    29. Abbate, Angela & De Benedictis, Luca & Fagiolo, Giorgio & Tajoli, Lucia, 2018. "Distance-varying assortativity and clustering of the international trade network–ADDENDUM," Network Science, Cambridge University Press, vol. 6(4), pages 633-633, December.
    30. Raja Kali & Javier Reyes, 2007. "The architecture of globalization: a network approach to international economic integration," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 38(4), pages 595-620, July.
    31. João Amador & Sónia Cabral, 2016. "Global Value Chains: A Survey Of Drivers And Measures," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(2), pages 278-301, April.
    32. Garlaschelli, Diego & Loffredo, Maria I., 2005. "Structure and evolution of the world trade network," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 355(1), pages 138-144.
    33. Arvind Subramanian & Martin Kessler, 2013. "The Hyperglobalization of Trade and Its Future," Working Paper Series WP13-6, Peterson Institute for International Economics.
    34. D. Garlaschelli & M. I. Loffredo, 2005. "Structure and Evolution of the World Trade Network," Papers physics/0502066, arXiv.org, revised May 2005.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. João Amador & Sónia Cabral, 2017. "Networks of Value-added Trade," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(7), pages 1291-1313, July.
    2. Paolo Bartesaghi & Gian Paolo Clemente & Rosanna Grassi, 2020. "Community structure in the World Trade Network based on communicability distances," Papers 2001.06356, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2020.
    3. Blázquez, Leticia & Díaz-Mora, Carmen & González-Díaz, Belén, 2023. "Hubs of embodied business services in a GVC world," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 28-43.
    4. Luca Salvatici & Silvia Nenci, 2017. "New features, forgotten costs and counterfactual gains of the international trading system," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 44(4), pages 592-633.
    5. João Amador & Sónia Cabral & Rossana Mastrandrea & Franco Ruzzenenti, 2018. "Who’s Who in Global Value Chains? A Weighted Network Approach," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 29(5), pages 1039-1059, November.
    6. Marco Dueñas & Giorgio Fagiolo, 2014. "Global Trade Imbalances: A Network Approach," Advances in Complex Systems (ACS), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 17(03n04), pages 1-29.
    7. Assaf Almog & Rhys Bird & Diego Garlaschelli, 2015. "Enhanced Gravity Model of trade: reconciling macroeconomic and network models," Papers 1506.00348, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2019.
    8. Charlie Joyez, 2019. "Alignment of Multinational Firms along Global Value Chains: A Network-based Perspective," GREDEG Working Papers 2019-05, Groupe de REcherche en Droit, Economie, Gestion (GREDEG CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur, France.
    9. Lucio Biggiero & Roberto Urbani, 2022. "Testing the convergence hypothesis: a longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of the world trade web through social network and statistical analyses," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 17(3), pages 713-777, July.
    10. Rosanna Grassi & Paolo Bartesaghi & Stefano Benati & Gian Paolo Clemente, 2021. "Multi-Attribute Community Detection in International Trade Network," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 21(3), pages 707-733, September.
    11. Silvia Sopranzetti, 2018. "The Italian Districts in the Global Value Chains," Italian Economic Journal: A Continuation of Rivista Italiana degli Economisti and Giornale degli Economisti, Springer;Società Italiana degli Economisti (Italian Economic Association), vol. 4(3), pages 497-522, November.
    12. Deepika Srivastava & M. Rahul, 2024. "Network analysis of trade and FDI," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 4(1), pages 1-27, January.
    13. Di Vece, Marzio & Garlaschelli, Diego & Squartini, Tiziano, 2023. "Reconciling econometrics with continuous maximum-entropy network models," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    14. Fan, Ying & Ren, Suting & Cai, Hongbo & Cui, Xuefeng, 2014. "The state's role and position in international trade: A complex network perspective," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 71-81.
    15. Hoppe, K. & Rodgers, G.J., 2015. "A microscopic study of the fitness-dependent topology of the world trade network," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 419(C), pages 64-74.
    16. Paolo Bartesaghi & Gian Paolo Clemente & Rosanna Grassi, 2022. "Community structure in the World Trade Network based on communicability distances," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 17(2), pages 405-441, April.
    17. Felipe Chávez-Bustamante & Elliott Mardones-Arias & Julio Rojas-Mora & Jaime Tijmes-Ihl, 2023. "A Forgotten Effects Approach to the Analysis of Complex Economic Systems: Identifying Indirect Effects on Trade Networks," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-20, January.
    18. Marco Dueñas & Giorgio Fagiolo, 2013. "Modeling the International-Trade Network: a gravity approach," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 8(1), pages 155-178, April.
    19. Aller, Carlos & Ductor, Lorenzo & Herrerias, M.J., 2015. "The world trade network and the environment," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(PA), pages 55-68.
    20. Nicole Palan & Nadia Simoes & Nuno Crespo, 2021. "Measuring fifty years of trade globalisation," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(6), pages 1859-1884, June.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Digital services; Global value chains; International trade; Social Networks Analysis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F01 - International Economics - - General - - - Global Outlook
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • L16 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:epolin:v:50:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1007_s40812-022-00245-x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.