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Instrumenty finansowe Unii Europejskiej jako źródło kapitału zewnętrznego w rolnictwie

Author

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  • Jacek Kulawik
  • Michał Soliwoda

Abstract

Nowoczesne, efektywne, konkurencyjne, zrównoważone i odporne na szoki rolnictwo, zapewniające równocześnie zatrudnionym w nim odpowiednie dochody i poziom życia, musi mieć stały, elastyczny i możliwie tani dostęp do kapitałów zewnętrznych. Instrumenty finansowe w ramach programów rozwoju obszarów wiejskich z II filaru wspólnej polityki rolnej mogą być jego źródłem i/lub ułatwiać dostęp do tradycyjnych bankowych kredytów i pożyczek. Mimo wielu ich zalet w krajach Unii Europejskiej, w tym w Polsce, są one wdrażane z dużymi trudnościami. Wynika to z wielu powodów, wśród których ważny jest efekt wypychania przez subsydia krajowe i unijne innych źródeł kapitału zewnętrznego. Celem opracowania była próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, jak w teorii i polityce finansowania rolnictwa umiejscowić instrumenty finansowe, aby chociaż w części zmniejszyć jego dużą zależność od subsydiów. W artykule wykorzystano przede wszystkim zmodyfikowany przegląd literatury. Propozycja hybrydyzacji instrumentów finansowych oraz uporczywie utrzymujący się pogląd, że w rolnictwie unijnym, w tym w Polsce, wciąż występuje poważna luka finansowa, a kredyty preferencyjne i ułatwienia dostępu do nich są dobrymi narzędziami absorbowania różnych szoków, wskazują, że instrumenty finansowe będą tylko uzupełnieniem subsydiów. Instrumenty te generalnie trzeba widzieć jedynie jako komplementarne względem subsydiów źródło finansowania w rolnictwie Unii Europejskiej.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacek Kulawik & Michał Soliwoda, 2025. "Instrumenty finansowe Unii Europejskiej jako źródło kapitału zewnętrznego w rolnictwie," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 2, pages 83-101.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2025:i:2:p:83-101
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • H81 - Public Economics - - Miscellaneous Issues - - - Governmental Loans; Loan Guarantees; Credits; Grants; Bailouts
    • Q14 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Finance
    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy

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